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The death of a spouse, as the most stressful event in old age, can put the older adult at risk of death if they do not adapt again. Since the process of adapting to bereavement occurs in the context of social interactions and is experienced in different ways in different societies, this research was conducted with the aim of explaining the background and factors affecting the adaptation of the older adult to the death of their spouse. The experiences of 21 participants were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed with Lundman and Granheim's conventional content analysis approach, which led to the creation of three main categories1: how one perceives loss; 2:quality of life after the deceased; and 3: the quality of marital life. The findings indicate the importance and impact of background factors in how the adaptation process occurs. Identifying these factors can provide practical solutions to experts, caregivers and bereaved older adult.

This study is in ethnolinguistics, the interface between culture and linguistics. It provides an ethnography (detailed description) of post-funeral death practices among Maronite Christians in Jish, a small village in northern Israel. It also linguistically analyzes some concepts and cultural norms related to these practices and explicates (i.e., defines in simple, universal terms) them using the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach. At the micro-level, this study provides a precise description and analysis of post-funeral death practices in one community sharing the same linguaculture (i.e., the same ways of speaking and living). This precise description and analysis can, in turn, provide an opportunity for a precise comparison between these Jish death practices and their counterparts in other micro-communities. Additionally, this study provides cultural outsiders (those who are outside the culture) with insights into some aspects of the Jish linguaculture; thus it may be of interest to linguists and anthropologists.

Ageism and death anxiety are still underrecognized and not well-examined among nursing students despite the high prevalence in nursing education and clinical practice. According to terror management theory (TMT), older adults are a potent reminder of mortality and disability, imposing a sense of death anxiety among nursing students who may exhibit ageist behaviors toward older adults in an attempt to control that sense of death anxiety. This study aims to examine the moderating effect of TMT defense mechanisms on the relationship between death anxiety and ageism among nursing students. This correlational, cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of 371 nursing students and validated tools. Self-esteem was found to be a significant moderator, with higher levels mitigating the impact of death anxiety on ageism. However, symbolic immortality and interpersonal relationships did not significantly moderate this relationship. Enhancing self-esteem among nursing students would reduce death anxiety and associated ageist behaviors.

The COVID-19 pandemic imposed substantial restrictions on funeral ceremonies, profoundly affecting grief experiences. This study investigated the mediating role of meaning-making in the relationship between these restrictions and prolonged grief disorder (PGD) symptoms, anxiety, depression, and trauma. A longitudinal study involving 141 bereaved individuals was conducted, with assessments at two time points: 3-6 months (T1) and 9-12 months (T2) post-loss. Structural equation modeling revealed that the psychological impact of restrictions on death and funeral ceremonies had indirect effects on anxiety and prolonged grief symptoms through meaning-making, particularly the footing in the world subscale. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex interplay between pandemic-related restrictions and grief experiences, emphasizing the pivotal role of meaning-making in adapting to loss during those challenging times.

Objectives: Active and adaptive coping strategies have been identified as factors that can assist cancer patients in effectively managing and overcoming the crisis, leading to the potential for post-traumatic growth during the diagnosis and treatment stages. Psychological flexibility is another factor that can protect individuals and promote more adaptive reactions to traumatic situations. The study aims to examine the investigation of the mediation role of coping with stress in the relationship between psychological flexibility and posttraumatic growth in cancer patients. Methods: This study was conducted with 97 (63 women, 34 male) participants aged between 38 and 82 who are literate and diagnosed with breast cancer or gynecological cancers (endometrial, cervical, vulvar) undergoing radiotherapy planning at the Radiation Oncology Clinic of Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Hospital. Demographic Information Form, Psychological Flexibility Scale, Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, and Coping Styles Scale were applied to the participants. The mediation effects were interpreted using bootstrap confidence intervals and VAF values. Results: This study showed that the active coping styles partially mediated the relationship between psychological flexibility and posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: In this regard, by organizing psychoeducational programs and interventions aimed at increasing psychological flexibility for individuals diagnosed with cancer or undergoing treatment, individuals can be enabled to cope with stress more actively, and thus post-traumatic growth can be achieved.

The death of a child is an intense loss for families, which impacts the wellbeing of parents, surviving siblings, and the family as a whole. This study expanded on existing literature by collecting qualitative accounts from bereaved parents and siblings about their experiences before, during, and after the death of a child in their family. In total, 15 participants from 9 families completed semi-structured interviews. Findings highlighted three periods of the grieving process, which were not linear but rather ongoing and often happening simultaneously: (1) Crisis; (2) Learning to cope; and (3) Establishment of a new equilibrium. Parents and siblings reported experiences unique to their role in the family and developmental stage, as well as shared experiences within the family system. Findings have implications for palliative care and bereavement professionals in terms of supporting parent, sibling, and family coping before, during, and after the death of a child.

This study compares the features of homicide-suicide in Russia and Pakistan. To understand this, we conducted a content analysis of news reports about homicide-suicide published in Pakistani and Russian newspapers between March 2020 and May 2023. We identified 35 and 104 homicide-suicide cases in Pakistani and Russian media, respectively. Men were three to five times more likely to commit homicide-suicides than women (3.16: 1 in Russia; 4.83: 1 in Pakistan). Accounting for over 65.73% of all homicide-suicides, spousal homicide-suicides and filicide-suicide were the most common homicide-suicides in both regions. Filicide-suicides were more often done by Russian women and extra-family homicide-suicides by Pakistani women. Reasons for homicide-suicides in Pakistani women were divorce or separation and in Russian women - mental disorders. With the difference of homicide in the victims, Pakistani victims were aged 15-30 years, while Russian were 31-45 years and 46 years and older. There were more similarities in homicide-suicides than differences.

Suicide has been a serious international public mental health problem and is one of the top twenty leading causes of death worldwide. This study aims to investigate the impact of social expenditure on suicide deaths in Turkiye as a developing country from 1982 to 2019. The Bounds Testing Approach to Cointegration and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methods were used. The results indicated that social expenditure has a statistically significant and negative effect on total suicide and female suicide deaths, but it has a statistically insignificant and negative impact on male suicide death. The contribution of this study is to examine for the first time whether social expenditure has an impact on total, female, and male suicide mortality in Turkiye. Policymakers should regard increasing social spending in the government budget to prevent suicide deaths in Turkiye.

This study evaluates the Persian version of the Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale (UGRS), developed to assess grief-related rumination. The UGRS, originally validated in Western and Eastern cultures, had not been examined in a Iranian context. The research involved translating the UGRS into Persian, followed by a thorough psychometric evaluation involving 325 bereaved Persian-speaking adults. The Persian UGRS demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's ω = 0.92) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.85). Confirmatory factor analyses supported a second-order hierarchical model of grief rumination. Concurrent validity was affirmed through significant correlations with depression, anxiety, prolonged grief, and PTSD. Known-groups validity highlighted higher rumination levels among individuals with lower education, those who lost close family members, and women. These findings underscore the Persian UGRS's reliability and validity, offering a robust tool for assessing grief-related rumination in the Iranian population.

This quantitative research study guided by Terror Management Theory (TMT) provides a theoretical framework to understand death anxiety among practicing counselors while providing support for implementing death education into counseling graduate programs. The total sample comprised 97 total practicing counselors and current counseling students who were recruited from online platforms consisting of professional memberships, listservs, private practice, and Facebook groups. This study explored the level of death anxiety in counselors (measured by the Death Anxiety Scale-Extended (DAS-E; Templer et al., 2006) and examined the relationships between religious and/or spiritual affiliation, death education exposure, and years of practice (measured by a demographic questionnaire) through an online survey that measured counselor's religious and/or spiritual affiliation, death education exposure, years of practice in the field, and their self-reported levels of death anxiety. A Pearson correlation indicated that religious and/or spiritual affiliation and death education were significantly positively associated with years of practice in the counseling field. A regression analysis revealed that death education significantly predicted death anxiety levels. The results of the study indicated that the more death education an individual had received the less likely they were to experience death anxiety. The findings of this study affirm the need for support of a death education curriculum and to encourage CACREP counseling graduate programs to promote knowledge and awareness around death in order to better prepare counseling master's students to serve clients.