Background In neonatal sepsis, anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and a shortened coagulation time are the most common hematologic abnormalities. However, there is inadequate information regarding the hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Thus, we aimed to determine the magnitude of hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that included 143 neonates with culture proven sepsis aged 1–28 days from September 2020 to November 2021 at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital. The sociodemographic data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and the clinical and laboratory data was collected using a data collection sheet. A total of 2 mL of venous blood was taken using a vacutainer collection device for the complete blood count (CBC) and blood culture analysis. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Statistical significance was declared when a p-value was less than 0.05. Results The prevalence of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leucopenia in neonatal sepsis was 49% (95% CI: 40.89–57.06), 44.7% (95% CI: 36.8–52.9), and 26.6% (95% CI: 22.01–29.40), respectively. On the other hand, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were found in 7.7% (95% CI: 4.35–13.25) and 11.9% (95% CI: 7.56–18.21), respectively. Being female (AOR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.20–3.82) and being aged less than 7 days (AOR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.6–6.9) were found to be significant predictors of anemia. Conclusion The magnitude of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia is high in neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, being female and being younger than 7 days were risk factors for anemia. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia prevents further complications in neonatal sepsis.
{"title":"Hematological Abnormalities in Culture Positive Neonatal Sepsis","authors":"Tiruneh Adane, Minichil Worku, Abiye Tigabu, Melak Aynalem","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S361188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S361188","url":null,"abstract":"Background In neonatal sepsis, anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and a shortened coagulation time are the most common hematologic abnormalities. However, there is inadequate information regarding the hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Thus, we aimed to determine the magnitude of hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that included 143 neonates with culture proven sepsis aged 1–28 days from September 2020 to November 2021 at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital. The sociodemographic data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and the clinical and laboratory data was collected using a data collection sheet. A total of 2 mL of venous blood was taken using a vacutainer collection device for the complete blood count (CBC) and blood culture analysis. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with hematological abnormalities in neonatal sepsis. Statistical significance was declared when a p-value was less than 0.05. Results The prevalence of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leucopenia in neonatal sepsis was 49% (95% CI: 40.89–57.06), 44.7% (95% CI: 36.8–52.9), and 26.6% (95% CI: 22.01–29.40), respectively. On the other hand, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were found in 7.7% (95% CI: 4.35–13.25) and 11.9% (95% CI: 7.56–18.21), respectively. Being female (AOR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.20–3.82) and being aged less than 7 days (AOR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.6–6.9) were found to be significant predictors of anemia. Conclusion The magnitude of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia is high in neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, being female and being younger than 7 days were risk factors for anemia. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia prevents further complications in neonatal sepsis.","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":"217 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47858776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.509
K. DelPizzo, J. Ruby, A. Illescas, H. Zhong, J. Poeran, J. Liu, C. Cozowicz, S. Memtsoudis
{"title":"B433 Pediatric anesthesia practices during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"K. DelPizzo, J. Ruby, A. Illescas, H. Zhong, J. Poeran, J. Liu, C. Cozowicz, S. Memtsoudis","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73533435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.511
A. Samerchua, W. Supaopaspan, N. Saeueng, T. Sanchana, M. Wanvoharn, J. Vuthiwong, J. Khorana
{"title":"B435 Does neurostimulation improve efficacy for ultrasound-guided transperineal pudendal nerve block in children?: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"A. Samerchua, W. Supaopaspan, N. Saeueng, T. Sanchana, M. Wanvoharn, J. Vuthiwong, J. Khorana","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86085650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.515
M. Stevic, N. Ristic, E. Bosinci, I. Petrov Bojicic, M. Jovanovski Srceva, I. Budic, V. Marjanovic, D. Šimić, S. Dučić
{"title":"B439 Comparison of dexmedetomidine and propofol for procedural analgosedation in children undergoing ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia for orthopedic surgery. A pilot study","authors":"M. Stevic, N. Ristic, E. Bosinci, I. Petrov Bojicic, M. Jovanovski Srceva, I. Budic, V. Marjanovic, D. Šimić, S. Dučić","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87991555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.516
E. Ivanova, R. Andonova
{"title":"B440 Ultrasound guided popliteal nerve block versus general anesthesia for ankle surgery in pediatric patients","authors":"E. Ivanova, R. Andonova","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81110313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.508
HU Yörükoğlu, Ş. Cesur, C. Aksu, A. Kuş
{"title":"B432 Opioid sparing effect of PENG block in open reduction of pediatric developmental dysplasia of the hip: a case series","authors":"HU Yörükoğlu, Ş. Cesur, C. Aksu, A. Kuş","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83710555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Due to unsanitary cord care practices, cord infections are more common and prevalent in developing countries. In settings where mortality is low, dry and clean cord care is recommended for newborns delivered in health facilities or at home. Cord care practices would directly contribute to infection in newborns, accounting for a large proportion of millions of annual neonatal deaths. This study aimed to assess the cord care practices of mothers and to identify areas for intervention. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of neonates who gave birth in the last six months. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to include women who visited pediatric OPD and immunization clinics. Epi data version 3.1 was used to enter the data and then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The association between the outcome and independent variables was examined using binary logistic regression. The strength of the association was measured using odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value <0.05. Results Four hundred twenty-two mothers were participated in the study. More than half (59.2%) of the respondents had good cord care practices, while nearly half (45.3%) mothers added nothing to the cord. Factors significantly associated with good cord care practices were educational status (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI = 1.34, 7.59), ANC follow-up (AOR = 3.58; 95% CI = 1.24, 10.32), initiation of breastfeeding (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.10, 2.77), and apply anything to the cord (AOR = 3.08; 95% CI = 1.92, 4.95). Conclusion The proportion of mothers with good cord care practices was inadequate. For such a high cause of neonatal death, prevention should be the priority intervention, and improving its implementation requires further effort.
背景:由于不卫生的脐带护理做法，脐带感染在发展中国家更为常见和普遍。在死亡率低的环境中，建议对在卫生机构或家中分娩的新生儿进行干燥和清洁的脐带护理。脐带护理做法将直接导致新生儿感染，在每年数百万新生儿死亡中占很大比例。本研究旨在评估母亲的脐带护理实践，并确定需要干预的领域。方法以机构为基础的横断面研究对最近六个月内分娩的新生儿母亲进行了调查。采用系统随机抽样方法，纳入到儿科门诊和免疫门诊就诊的妇女。使用Epi数据3.1版输入数据，导出到SPSS 26版进行分析。使用二元逻辑回归检验结果与自变量之间的关联。使用比值比(OR)、95%置信区间(CI)和p值来测量相关性的强度。p值<0.05为有统计学意义。结果422名母亲参与了研究。超过一半(59.2%)的受访者有良好的脐带护理做法，而近一半(45.3%)的母亲没有添加脐带。与良好脐带护理实践显著相关的因素有:教育状况(AOR = 4.7;95% CI = 1.34, 7.59)， ANC随访(AOR = 3.58;95% CI = 1.24, 10.32)，开始母乳喂养(AOR = 1.74;95% CI = 1.10, 2.77)，并将任何东西涂在脐带上(AOR = 3.08;95% ci = 1.92, 4.95)。结论做好脐带护理的母亲比例不足。对于如此高的新生儿死亡原因，预防应是优先干预措施，改进其实施需要进一步努力。
{"title":"Umbilical Cord Care Practices and Associated Factor Among Mothers of Neonates Visiting Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital Southwest Ethiopia 2021","authors":"Nigatu Dessalegn, Y. Dagnaw, K. Seid, Asrat Wolde","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S363252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S363252","url":null,"abstract":"Background Due to unsanitary cord care practices, cord infections are more common and prevalent in developing countries. In settings where mortality is low, dry and clean cord care is recommended for newborns delivered in health facilities or at home. Cord care practices would directly contribute to infection in newborns, accounting for a large proportion of millions of annual neonatal deaths. This study aimed to assess the cord care practices of mothers and to identify areas for intervention. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of neonates who gave birth in the last six months. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to include women who visited pediatric OPD and immunization clinics. Epi data version 3.1 was used to enter the data and then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The association between the outcome and independent variables was examined using binary logistic regression. The strength of the association was measured using odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value <0.05. Results Four hundred twenty-two mothers were participated in the study. More than half (59.2%) of the respondents had good cord care practices, while nearly half (45.3%) mothers added nothing to the cord. Factors significantly associated with good cord care practices were educational status (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI = 1.34, 7.59), ANC follow-up (AOR = 3.58; 95% CI = 1.24, 10.32), initiation of breastfeeding (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.10, 2.77), and apply anything to the cord (AOR = 3.08; 95% CI = 1.92, 4.95). Conclusion The proportion of mothers with good cord care practices was inadequate. For such a high cause of neonatal death, prevention should be the priority intervention, and improving its implementation requires further effort.","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":"227 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47072747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Growth monitoring and promotion are one of the health priorities in assessing the growth rate of a child. Appropriate growth monitoring and promotion services enable health professionals to control growth faltering and child mortality. However, there is limited information on the growth monitoring practice of health professionals and their associated factors at public health facilities of Bahir Dar health centers. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the growth monitoring practice of health professionals and associated factors at public health facilities of Bahir Dar health centers, northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study for quantitative and phenomenology for qualitative was conducted from April 15 to May 15, 2021, among 314 health professionals, in Bahir Dar town, northwest Ethiopia. Census was used. A self-administered questionnaire was employed for quantitative data. Data were cleaned and entered into Epi-info version 7.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis, and the binary logistic regression was employed. In the bi-variable analysis, those variables with a p-value less than 0.2 were fitted to multivariable analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed by using thematic analysis. Results The overall growth monitoring practice of health professionals at Bahir Dar public health centers was 30.3%, with a response rate of 98.1. The number of participants who had at least a degree was [AOR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.54, 8.26], health professionals who had greater than 11 years of work experience [AOR = 2.98; CI: 1.36, 6.53], those who took training [AOR = 5.11; CI: 2.20, 11.90], availability of growth monitoring equipment [AOR = 4.44; CI: 1.97, 9.98], those who had lesser workload (saw less than 25 children’s per day) [AOR = 3.02; CI: 1.16, 7.86], those who had good knowledge [AOR = 4.60; CI: 2.06, 10.31] and favorable attitude [AOR = 2.58; CI: 1.14, 5.83] were significantly associated with growth monitoring practice. Conclusion The overall growth monitoring practice among health professionals of Bahir Dar public health centers was low. Work experience, age, educational status, knowledge, attitude, workload, training, and availability of growth monitoring equipment were key predictors of growth monitoring practice among health professionals in Bahir Dar public health centers. Therefore, regular supportive supervision from the regarded body, provision of training to health professionals and fulfill growth monitoring equipment are all necessary measures to provide a better growth monitoring service.
{"title":"Growth Monitoring Practice and Associated Factors Among Health Professionals at Public Health Facilities of Bahir Dar Health Centers, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021","authors":"Migbaru Tesfa, Kedir Abdela Gonete, Yawkal Chane, Senay Yohannes","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S355214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S355214","url":null,"abstract":"Background Growth monitoring and promotion are one of the health priorities in assessing the growth rate of a child. Appropriate growth monitoring and promotion services enable health professionals to control growth faltering and child mortality. However, there is limited information on the growth monitoring practice of health professionals and their associated factors at public health facilities of Bahir Dar health centers. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the growth monitoring practice of health professionals and associated factors at public health facilities of Bahir Dar health centers, northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study for quantitative and phenomenology for qualitative was conducted from April 15 to May 15, 2021, among 314 health professionals, in Bahir Dar town, northwest Ethiopia. Census was used. A self-administered questionnaire was employed for quantitative data. Data were cleaned and entered into Epi-info version 7.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis, and the binary logistic regression was employed. In the bi-variable analysis, those variables with a p-value less than 0.2 were fitted to multivariable analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed by using thematic analysis. Results The overall growth monitoring practice of health professionals at Bahir Dar public health centers was 30.3%, with a response rate of 98.1. The number of participants who had at least a degree was [AOR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.54, 8.26], health professionals who had greater than 11 years of work experience [AOR = 2.98; CI: 1.36, 6.53], those who took training [AOR = 5.11; CI: 2.20, 11.90], availability of growth monitoring equipment [AOR = 4.44; CI: 1.97, 9.98], those who had lesser workload (saw less than 25 children’s per day) [AOR = 3.02; CI: 1.16, 7.86], those who had good knowledge [AOR = 4.60; CI: 2.06, 10.31] and favorable attitude [AOR = 2.58; CI: 1.14, 5.83] were significantly associated with growth monitoring practice. Conclusion The overall growth monitoring practice among health professionals of Bahir Dar public health centers was low. Work experience, age, educational status, knowledge, attitude, workload, training, and availability of growth monitoring equipment were key predictors of growth monitoring practice among health professionals in Bahir Dar public health centers. Therefore, regular supportive supervision from the regarded body, provision of training to health professionals and fulfill growth monitoring equipment are all necessary measures to provide a better growth monitoring service.","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":"195 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47612501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Most previous pediatric COVID-19 studies reported milder disease in children. However, there are limited pediatric data from low-income settings. We aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Setting St. Paul’s COVID-19 treatment center; a tertiary COVID-19 center. Pediatric care was provided in a dedicated ward but with a common ICU. Methods St. Paul’s Hospital COVID-19 cohort (SPC-19) included inpatient COVID-19 RT-PCR confirmed cases from August 2020 to January 2021. Data were extracted from case report forms attached to patient charts and completed by the clinicians. Data were uploaded into the Redcap database and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression and chi-square test were used in the analysis. Results Seventy-nine patients 0–19 years were included from the SPC-19 cohort over 6 months. Pediatric admissions accounted for 11% of cases in the cohort. The mean age (SD) was 6.9 (±6.36) years and 40 (50.6%) were female. The disease was asymptomatic or mild in 57 (72.2%), moderate in 15 (19%), and severe or critical in 7 (8.8%). The commonest presentations in symptomatic children were prostration (26.6%) followed by vomiting (12.7%), fever and cough (11.4% each), and dyspnea (10%). About 53 (67%) children had multimorbidity, and 14 (17.7%) children died. All deaths were in children with comorbidities with tuberculosis and malignancy being associated with 43% of deaths. Nearly 5% of children reported long-COVID symptoms highlighting the need for prolonged follow-up in those children. Conclusion Despite lower admissions and severity, high mortality and morbidity was documented in our pediatric cohort. The presence of comorbidity and inadequate care organization likely contributed to high mortality. COVID-19 centers of low-income settings should emphasize optimizing the care of children with COVID-19 and multimorbidity, and vaccination should be considered in those children to prevent high morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Pediatric COVID-19 Patients in Ethiopia During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Abate Yeshidinber Weldetsadik, Mahlet Abayneh, Mebratu Abraha, Sisay Sirgu Betizazu, Betregiorgis Hailu Zegeye","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S359333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S359333","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Most previous pediatric COVID-19 studies reported milder disease in children. However, there are limited pediatric data from low-income settings. We aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Setting St. Paul’s COVID-19 treatment center; a tertiary COVID-19 center. Pediatric care was provided in a dedicated ward but with a common ICU. Methods St. Paul’s Hospital COVID-19 cohort (SPC-19) included inpatient COVID-19 RT-PCR confirmed cases from August 2020 to January 2021. Data were extracted from case report forms attached to patient charts and completed by the clinicians. Data were uploaded into the Redcap database and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression and chi-square test were used in the analysis. Results Seventy-nine patients 0–19 years were included from the SPC-19 cohort over 6 months. Pediatric admissions accounted for 11% of cases in the cohort. The mean age (SD) was 6.9 (±6.36) years and 40 (50.6%) were female. The disease was asymptomatic or mild in 57 (72.2%), moderate in 15 (19%), and severe or critical in 7 (8.8%). The commonest presentations in symptomatic children were prostration (26.6%) followed by vomiting (12.7%), fever and cough (11.4% each), and dyspnea (10%). About 53 (67%) children had multimorbidity, and 14 (17.7%) children died. All deaths were in children with comorbidities with tuberculosis and malignancy being associated with 43% of deaths. Nearly 5% of children reported long-COVID symptoms highlighting the need for prolonged follow-up in those children. Conclusion Despite lower admissions and severity, high mortality and morbidity was documented in our pediatric cohort. The presence of comorbidity and inadequate care organization likely contributed to high mortality. COVID-19 centers of low-income settings should emphasize optimizing the care of children with COVID-19 and multimorbidity, and vaccination should be considered in those children to prevent high morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":"165 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48784532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammedawel Abdishu, T. Gobena, M. Damena, Hassen Abdi, Abdi Birhanu
Background Understanding the determinants of malaria morbidity offers helpful insights toward the changing malaria situation, which might lead to the adjustment of malaria program activities. Even though the determinants of malaria morbidity remain unknown, school-aged children were the highest malaria morbidity contributors in the East Hararghe Zone. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of malaria morbidity among school-aged children in the study area from February 1 to May 31, 2020. Methods A case-control study was conducted among school-aged children living in ten randomly selected low, moderate, and high malaria transmission kebeles. Cases were confirmed as positive for malaria, while controls were confirmed as negative for malaria among randomly selected school-aged children. Rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) and blood film (BF) malaria testing methods were used. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify association between malaria and its determinants. Results The determinants of malaria infection were having no formal education (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.91, 95% CI: 1.20–20.17), low family wealth index (AOR=2.50, 95% CI: 1.22–5.12), being from rural residence (AOR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.87–4.12), living near to stagnant water (AOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.14–3.54), having a maximum of three family members (AOR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.18–0.78), using indoor residual spraying (IRS) (AOR=0.15, 95% CI: 0.08–0.29) and long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLITN) over the last night (AOR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.10–0.35), and living in the house surrounded by cultivated land(AOR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.10-0.60) compared with their counterparts. Conclusion This study revealed that residence, family size, education, wealth index, stagnant water existence, and using LLITN and IRS had significant association with malaria morbidity. Thus, all concerned bodies, including the community should strengthen working on stagnant water elimination around their house to cut the breeding site of the malaria vector mosquito. Moreover, the findings have an important implication for improving interventions targeting the economic status and literacy of the society that may help in the reduction of the risk of malaria in the school-aged children.
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