{"title":"ChatGPT/GPT-4 in Healthcare: Potential Opportunities and Limitations","authors":"Ruochen Wang","doi":"10.54844/prm.2024.0528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2024.0528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a case of Iatrogenic twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS) post-amnioreduction in twin-twin transfusion syndrome at 32 gestational weeks. Slight middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) discrepancy was present 3 days after the amnioreduction, with MCA PSV around 1.5 MoM of the doner and 1.0 MoM of the recipient. Eighteen days after the amnioreduction, though MCA PSV remained stable, placental dichotomy, starry-sky liver of the recipient and small amount of right pleural effusion of donor were noted. TAPS was diagnosed and postnatal examination of the twins and the placenta confirmed it. We conjectured that the decompression of the placenta after the sudden reduction of amniotic fluid volume may cause the patency of the tiny anastomoses, resulting in the TAPS.
{"title":"Latrogenic twin anemia: polycythemia sequence post-amnioreduction in twin-twin transfusion syndrome","authors":"Guoqing Chen, Jinna Jiang, Qinqin Wu, Jing Lu","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0415","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of Iatrogenic twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS) post-amnioreduction in twin-twin transfusion syndrome at 32 gestational weeks. Slight middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) discrepancy was present 3 days after the amnioreduction, with MCA PSV around 1.5 MoM of the doner and 1.0 MoM of the recipient. Eighteen days after the amnioreduction, though MCA PSV remained stable, placental dichotomy, starry-sky liver of the recipient and small amount of right pleural effusion of donor were noted. TAPS was diagnosed and postnatal examination of the twins and the placenta confirmed it. We conjectured that the decompression of the placenta after the sudden reduction of amniotic fluid volume may cause the patency of the tiny anastomoses, resulting in the TAPS.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138615412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deferral of marriage and child-bearing age as well as high occurrence of uterine surgery history such as cesarean section and myomectomy in women who are about to have babies are challenging obstetrical health care worldwide, since pregnancy at advanced maternal age and pregnancy with scarred uterus are both high-risk pregnancy. In China, one-child policy had been implemented for three decades and contributes to high cesarean section rates. With family planning policy turning to two and three-child, there are rising pregnancy at advanced maternal age with scarred uterus. A clinical management scheme can help obstetricians a lot to assess risks, prevent pregnancy complications and manage pregnancy in an organized manner. However, there are insufficient studies on relevant clinical issues for the specific population, and there is no consensus or practice guidelines until now. We have developed Chinese expert consensus based on our pioneering research findings on the prevention and treatment strategy for major pregnancy complications in women of advanced maternal age. We formulate the consensus comprising general management scheme to standardize clinical care, practical risk scoring systems to early warn major pregnancy complications, and nationwide expert recommendations to be in accordance with evidence-based appraisal method. Consecutive supervision along with stratified management are highly emphasized. We interpret the consensus containing up-to-date literature review, research findings interpretation and most concerned questions discussion. This consensus interpretation helps standardize how to manage pregnant women of advanced maternal age with scarred uterus and improve the maternal-fetal outcomes.
{"title":"An interpretation for Chinese expert consensus on how to manage pregnant women of advanced maternal age with scarred uterus","authors":"Ziyue Xiong, Maryam Abdelrahim","doi":"10.54844/prm.2022.0452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2022.0452","url":null,"abstract":"Deferral of marriage and child-bearing age as well as high occurrence of uterine surgery history such as cesarean section and myomectomy in women who are about to have babies are challenging obstetrical health care worldwide, since pregnancy at advanced maternal age and pregnancy with scarred uterus are both high-risk pregnancy. In China, one-child policy had been implemented for three decades and contributes to high cesarean section rates. With family planning policy turning to two and three-child, there are rising pregnancy at advanced maternal age with scarred uterus. A clinical management scheme can help obstetricians a lot to assess risks, prevent pregnancy complications and manage pregnancy in an organized manner. However, there are insufficient studies on relevant clinical issues for the specific population, and there is no consensus or practice guidelines until now. We have developed Chinese expert consensus based on our pioneering research findings on the prevention and treatment strategy for major pregnancy complications in women of advanced maternal age. We formulate the consensus comprising general management scheme to standardize clinical care, practical risk scoring systems to early warn major pregnancy complications, and nationwide expert recommendations to be in accordance with evidence-based appraisal method. Consecutive supervision along with stratified management are highly emphasized. We interpret the consensus containing up-to-date literature review, research findings interpretation and most concerned questions discussion. This consensus interpretation helps standardize how to manage pregnant women of advanced maternal age with scarred uterus and improve the maternal-fetal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana de C. Silva, Giovana F. C. Bento, Vitória C. Troitino, Ramkumar Menon, Ourlad Alzeus Tantengco
Fetal membrane (FM; amniochorion) studies are an essential field of research for understanding their role during pregnancy maintenance and mechanisms associated with parturition. This paper determined the landscape and characteristics of published FM research, identified socioeconomic indicators related to FM research productivity and impact and proposed major studies using this tissue. A review of the literature about FM from 2000 to 2021 was performed using the Scopus database. Bibliometric information was obtained from Scopus, statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism, and network visualization was conducted using VOSviewer software. A total of 1131 articles were analyzed in this study. The number of publications in the past decade increased linearly. Most of the research outputs were produced by researchers from the United States of America (USA), followed by China and Australia. The most productive institutions were primarily from the USA and Australia. The current research trends based on keywords analysis were related to FM weakening, such as aging, bacterial infections and inflammations, biomechanical weakening, exosomes, immunomodulation, and sterile inflammation. Gross domestic product and the number of collaborations with other countries were the most significantly correlated indicators with increased scientific productivity and impact in FM research. We emphasize the need to increase investment and support to researchers doing FM studies, especially in developing countries. These will contribute to advancing this field and may help provide more evidence to control and manage pregnancy complications, such as preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm birth.
{"title":"Investigating the global research landscape, barriers, and facilitators of scientific productivity in fetal membrane research","authors":"Mariana de C. Silva, Giovana F. C. Bento, Vitória C. Troitino, Ramkumar Menon, Ourlad Alzeus Tantengco","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0391","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal membrane (FM; amniochorion) studies are an essential field of research for understanding their role during pregnancy maintenance and mechanisms associated with parturition. This paper determined the landscape and characteristics of published FM research, identified socioeconomic indicators related to FM research productivity and impact and proposed major studies using this tissue. A review of the literature about FM from 2000 to 2021 was performed using the Scopus database. Bibliometric information was obtained from Scopus, statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism, and network visualization was conducted using VOSviewer software. A total of 1131 articles were analyzed in this study. The number of publications in the past decade increased linearly. Most of the research outputs were produced by researchers from the United States of America (USA), followed by China and Australia. The most productive institutions were primarily from the USA and Australia. The current research trends based on keywords analysis were related to FM weakening, such as aging, bacterial infections and inflammations, biomechanical weakening, exosomes, immunomodulation, and sterile inflammation. Gross domestic product and the number of collaborations with other countries were the most significantly correlated indicators with increased scientific productivity and impact in FM research. We emphasize the need to increase investment and support to researchers doing FM studies, especially in developing countries. These will contribute to advancing this field and may help provide more evidence to control and manage pregnancy complications, such as preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm birth.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135477332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoqin He, Xiao-jian Jia, Xiaojing Zeng, Jianxia Fan, Jun Zhang
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the new labor management guideline with the traditional WHO guideline with regard to obstetric outcomes. Methods: The literature search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Chinese databases (including CNKI, WanFang Database and VIP). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies comparing the new labor management and the old WHO guideline in terms of maternal and neonatal morbidity in low-risk pregnant women were included. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk Bias Evaluation Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The I2 statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity. We used the random-effects model to pool the relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the potential influencing factors. Publication bias analysis was also assessed based on funnel plots. Results: A total of 45 studies with a total sample size of 82,016 women were eventually included, with 15 RCTs and 30 cohort studies. 44 studies were included for data synthesis. Women with new labor management had less labor augmentation with oxytocin (RCTs: RR = 0.55 [0.36, 0.83], I2 = 47%; cohort studies: RR = 0.62 [0.55, 0.70], I2 = 58%), intrapartum cesarean section (RCTs: RR = 0.52 [0.47, 0.59], I2 = 0; cohort studies: RR = 0.61 [0.55, 0.67], I2= 75%) and operative vaginal delivery (RCTs: RR = 0.60 [0.42, 0.87], I2 = 0; cohort studies: RR = 0.69 [0.55, 0.86], I2 = 82%) without increasing the incidence of 3rd- and 4th-degree perineal laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, infectious morbidity and postpartum urine retention, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. These results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Our study indicates that the new labor management guideline may be more beneficial than the traditional WHO guideline, with fewer intrapartum interventions and no increase in adverse obstetric outcomes.
{"title":"New labor management and obstetric outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xiaoqin He, Xiao-jian Jia, Xiaojing Zeng, Jianxia Fan, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0319","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the new labor management guideline with the traditional WHO guideline with regard to obstetric outcomes. Methods: The literature search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Chinese databases (including CNKI, WanFang Database and VIP). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies comparing the new labor management and the old WHO guideline in terms of maternal and neonatal morbidity in low-risk pregnant women were included. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk Bias Evaluation Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The I2 statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity. We used the random-effects model to pool the relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the potential influencing factors. Publication bias analysis was also assessed based on funnel plots. Results: A total of 45 studies with a total sample size of 82,016 women were eventually included, with 15 RCTs and 30 cohort studies. 44 studies were included for data synthesis. Women with new labor management had less labor augmentation with oxytocin (RCTs: RR = 0.55 [0.36, 0.83], I2 = 47%; cohort studies: RR = 0.62 [0.55, 0.70], I2 = 58%), intrapartum cesarean section (RCTs: RR = 0.52 [0.47, 0.59], I2 = 0; cohort studies: RR = 0.61 [0.55, 0.67], I2= 75%) and operative vaginal delivery (RCTs: RR = 0.60 [0.42, 0.87], I2 = 0; cohort studies: RR = 0.69 [0.55, 0.86], I2 = 82%) without increasing the incidence of 3rd- and 4th-degree perineal laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, infectious morbidity and postpartum urine retention, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. These results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Our study indicates that the new labor management guideline may be more beneficial than the traditional WHO guideline, with fewer intrapartum interventions and no increase in adverse obstetric outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42163481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Amabebe, N. Ikumi, K. Pillay, M. Matjila, D. Anumba
Obesity is a global epidemic with alarmingly high prevalence rates worldwide. The increasing incidence of obesity among reproductive age women, which progresses to obesity in pregnancy is of particular concern. A successful pregnancy is dependent on the balanced interaction between maternal cardiometabolic function, genetic predisposition, and optimal placental development. Maternal obesity, both pre-pregnancy and gestational, has been associated with adverse outcomes including poor fetal development, stillbirth, preterm birth, and metabolic complications later in life. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic interplay of key mediators of obesity-associated placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, we conducted a review of 24 studies that investigated placental dysfunction and maternal obesity retrieved from MEDLINE, LILACS and EMBASE. The findings demonstrate that maternal obesity is a well-established risk factor for poor placental function. Pre-pregnancy obesity alters the placental transcriptome. Maternal obesity during gestation induces changes in placental morphology, dysregulated placental metabolism, inflammation and oxidative state, as well as endothelial dysfunction. There is also clear evidence that maternal obesity is associated with altered placental angiogenesis/vascularisation which increases the risk of early-onset preeclampsia. Studies show a link between maternal obesity and increased placental vascular disorders, placental weight, placental volume and birth weight. These obesity-related placental disorders are often associated with insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Maternal obesity-related placental dysfunction: From peri-conception to late gestation","authors":"E. Amabebe, N. Ikumi, K. Pillay, M. Matjila, D. Anumba","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0361","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a global epidemic with alarmingly high prevalence rates worldwide. The increasing incidence of obesity among reproductive age women, which progresses to obesity in pregnancy is of particular concern. A successful pregnancy is dependent on the balanced interaction between maternal cardiometabolic function, genetic predisposition, and optimal placental development. Maternal obesity, both pre-pregnancy and gestational, has been associated with adverse outcomes including poor fetal development, stillbirth, preterm birth, and metabolic complications later in life. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic interplay of key mediators of obesity-associated placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, we conducted a review of 24 studies that investigated placental dysfunction and maternal obesity retrieved from MEDLINE, LILACS and EMBASE. The findings demonstrate that maternal obesity is a well-established risk factor for poor placental function. Pre-pregnancy obesity alters the placental transcriptome. Maternal obesity during gestation induces changes in placental morphology, dysregulated placental metabolism, inflammation and oxidative state, as well as endothelial dysfunction. There is also clear evidence that maternal obesity is associated with altered placental angiogenesis/vascularisation which increases the risk of early-onset preeclampsia. Studies show a link between maternal obesity and increased placental vascular disorders, placental weight, placental volume and birth weight. These obesity-related placental disorders are often associated with insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42580866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, or acardiac twinning, is a congenital anomaly associated with monochorionic twin pregnancies. It occurs when the cardiac system of one twin supplies blood for both twins. This congenital anomaly has been previously reported in several case reports from the Philippines. However, there is still limited information about its local epidemiology and management. This study reviewed the previous cases of TRAP sequence and discussed the diagnosis, management, and ways to improve care for pregnant patients affected by this condition. There were five reported cases of TRAP sequence from the Philippines. Ultrasonography was used in diagnosing the disease antenatally. Preterm birth was reported in 60% of the cases, while 80% were delivered via Cesarean section. The most common type of acardiac twinning in the Philippines was the acardius acephalus. The most common placentation observed in TRAP sequence cases was monochorionic, monoamnionic placenta (75%), two of which had arterio-arterial and veno-venous anastomoses. All donor twins in the Philippines were delivered alive, with only one (20%) neonatal death due to Pseudomonas infection. Only a few centers can perform minimally invasive fetal interventions; one center has been performing fetoscopic surgery in the Philippines since 2021. Thus, cases of TRAP sequence in the Philippines have only been managed through antenatal surveillance with serial ultrasound and high-risk prenatal care until their eventual delivery.
{"title":"Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence: A review of cases in the Philippines from 2000 to 2022","authors":"O. Tantengco, C. Velayo","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0365","url":null,"abstract":"Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, or acardiac twinning, is a congenital anomaly associated with monochorionic twin pregnancies. It occurs when the cardiac system of one twin supplies blood for both twins. This congenital anomaly has been previously reported in several case reports from the Philippines. However, there is still limited information about its local epidemiology and management. This study reviewed the previous cases of TRAP sequence and discussed the diagnosis, management, and ways to improve care for pregnant patients affected by this condition. There were five reported cases of TRAP sequence from the Philippines. Ultrasonography was used in diagnosing the disease antenatally. Preterm birth was reported in 60% of the cases, while 80% were delivered via Cesarean section. The most common type of acardiac twinning in the Philippines was the acardius acephalus. The most common placentation observed in TRAP sequence cases was monochorionic, monoamnionic placenta (75%), two of which had arterio-arterial and veno-venous anastomoses. All donor twins in the Philippines were delivered alive, with only one (20%) neonatal death due to Pseudomonas infection. Only a few centers can perform minimally invasive fetal interventions; one center has been performing fetoscopic surgery in the Philippines since 2021. Thus, cases of TRAP sequence in the Philippines have only been managed through antenatal surveillance with serial ultrasound and high-risk prenatal care until their eventual delivery.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49010061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin-liang Zhao, G. Tian, Audrey Badillo, W. Ju, N. Zhong
Pregnancy is a complicated process involving various anatomical and physiological changes to provide a suitable environment for fetal development, to meet the increased metabolic demands, and to prepare for labor. While most pregnancies and births are uneventful, all pregnancies are at risk of complications. No less than 15% of all pregnant women develop a potentially lifethreatening complication or may also experience an unpleasant outcome. Conventional sequencing has been widely used in this field for diagnoses and treatment planning. However, it lacks the precise resolution to identify transcriptomic variation between the nearby cell types. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a novel approach that through single-cell isolation, transcript capturing, and development and sequencing of expression libraries allows the assessments of fundamental biological properties of cell populations and biological systems at unprecedented resolution. The single-cell sequencing technology is a powerful tool for investigating cell distribution and cell-to-cell relationships in human reproduction. Since 2016, the technique has contributed to the discovery of many transcriptomic atlases of human embryos, placenta, decidua, and endometrium and the identification of various crucial regulatory pathways in fetal development. Here, we briefly describe the application of single-cell RNA sequencing in the studies of physiological processes and pathological mechanisms of pregnancy.
{"title":"Single-cell transcriptomics of pathological pregnancies","authors":"Xin-liang Zhao, G. Tian, Audrey Badillo, W. Ju, N. Zhong","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0363","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy is a complicated process involving various anatomical and physiological changes to provide a suitable environment for fetal development, to meet the increased metabolic demands, and to prepare for labor. While most pregnancies and births are uneventful, all pregnancies are at risk of complications. No less than 15% of all pregnant women develop a potentially lifethreatening complication or may also experience an unpleasant outcome. Conventional sequencing has been widely used in this field for diagnoses and treatment planning. However, it lacks the precise resolution to identify transcriptomic variation between the nearby cell types. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a novel approach that through single-cell isolation, transcript capturing, and development and sequencing of expression libraries allows the assessments of fundamental biological properties of cell populations and biological systems at unprecedented resolution. The single-cell sequencing technology is a powerful tool for investigating cell distribution and cell-to-cell relationships in human reproduction. Since 2016, the technique has contributed to the discovery of many transcriptomic atlases of human embryos, placenta, decidua, and endometrium and the identification of various crucial regulatory pathways in fetal development. Here, we briefly describe the application of single-cell RNA sequencing in the studies of physiological processes and pathological mechanisms of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45600357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Cassolatti Gracioli, Mariana Alice De Oliveira Ignácio, Jeniffer Sena Baptista Ferreira, Júlia Abbade Tronco, Mariana de Castro Silva, Giovana Fernanda Cosi Bento, Andréa Rocha Tristão, Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo Duarte, Márcia Guimarães da Silva, Bruna Ribeiro de Andrade Ramos
Background: Menstrual cups are reusable flexible collectors adjustable to the body. Besides the economic and environmental advantages, it is possible that the use of menstrual cups influences modifications in the vaginal microbiota. We aimed to evaluate the influence of menstrual cups on the vaginal microbiota of reproductive-age women in comparison to sanitary pads and to determine its acceptance. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with undergraduate/graduate volunteers, whose usual method of menstrual management was sanitary pads. In the first three menstrual cycles (M1 to M3), participants kept using sanitary pads. In the three consecutive cycles (M4 to M6), they used the menstrual cup offered by the research group. A questionnaire was used to obtain gynecological background and sexual behavior. In the first (M1) and third (M3) follow-up visits, participants underwent gynecological examinations including vaginal microbiota evaluation, oncotic cytology, diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. At each visit, vaginal samples were collected for analysis of microbiota. A generalized linear model with binomial distribution for repeated measures was used and the model was adjusted for confounding factors, using the SAS software. Results and Discussion: We included 47 participants who completed the 6 follow-up examinations. The prevalence of HPV was 48.9% at M1 and 51.1% at M3 and the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 2.1% and 6.7%, respectively. None of the participants were infected by N. gonorrhoeae or T. vaginalis. One participant had altered cytology results and was referred to the colposcopy service. Patients with C. trachomatis and/or altered vaginal microbiota were treated. During the three months of sanitary pad usage, 27.7%, 12.8%, and 10.6% of women presented altered vaginal microbiota (bacterial vaginosis, intermediate microbiota, aerobic vaginitis, and/or vulvovaginal candidiasis), while only 8.5%, 12.8% and 8.5% of them had vaginal dysbiosis while using a menstrual cup (P = 0.04). Overall acceptance of menstrual cups among those who completed all the examinations was 93.6%. Conclusion: Our results show that menstrual cups are associated with the maintenance of healthy vaginal microbiota. Additionally, the acceptance of menstrual cups was high in our population.
{"title":"The use of menstrual cups is associated with the maintenance of healthy vaginal microbiota: A prospective longitudinal study","authors":"Beatriz Cassolatti Gracioli, Mariana Alice De Oliveira Ignácio, Jeniffer Sena Baptista Ferreira, Júlia Abbade Tronco, Mariana de Castro Silva, Giovana Fernanda Cosi Bento, Andréa Rocha Tristão, Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo Duarte, Márcia Guimarães da Silva, Bruna Ribeiro de Andrade Ramos","doi":"10.54844/prm.2022.0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2022.0288","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Menstrual cups are reusable flexible collectors adjustable to the body. Besides the economic and environmental advantages, it is possible that the use of menstrual cups influences modifications in the vaginal microbiota. We aimed to evaluate the influence of menstrual cups on the vaginal microbiota of reproductive-age women in comparison to sanitary pads and to determine its acceptance. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with undergraduate/graduate volunteers, whose usual method of menstrual management was sanitary pads. In the first three menstrual cycles (M1 to M3), participants kept using sanitary pads. In the three consecutive cycles (M4 to M6), they used the menstrual cup offered by the research group. A questionnaire was used to obtain gynecological background and sexual behavior. In the first (M1) and third (M3) follow-up visits, participants underwent gynecological examinations including vaginal microbiota evaluation, oncotic cytology, diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. At each visit, vaginal samples were collected for analysis of microbiota. A generalized linear model with binomial distribution for repeated measures was used and the model was adjusted for confounding factors, using the SAS software. Results and Discussion: We included 47 participants who completed the 6 follow-up examinations. The prevalence of HPV was 48.9% at M1 and 51.1% at M3 and the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 2.1% and 6.7%, respectively. None of the participants were infected by N. gonorrhoeae or T. vaginalis. One participant had altered cytology results and was referred to the colposcopy service. Patients with C. trachomatis and/or altered vaginal microbiota were treated. During the three months of sanitary pad usage, 27.7%, 12.8%, and 10.6% of women presented altered vaginal microbiota (bacterial vaginosis, intermediate microbiota, aerobic vaginitis, and/or vulvovaginal candidiasis), while only 8.5%, 12.8% and 8.5% of them had vaginal dysbiosis while using a menstrual cup (P = 0.04). Overall acceptance of menstrual cups among those who completed all the examinations was 93.6%. Conclusion: Our results show that menstrual cups are associated with the maintenance of healthy vaginal microbiota. Additionally, the acceptance of menstrual cups was high in our population.","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43902172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren S. Richardson, Chong Qiao, E. Bonney, N. Zhong
{"title":"Young Investigator Corner: A platform for young investigators who are devoting their lives to better understanding of reproductive medicine","authors":"Lauren S. Richardson, Chong Qiao, E. Bonney, N. Zhong","doi":"10.54844/prm.2023.0370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54844/prm.2023.0370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74455,"journal":{"name":"Placenta and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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