Reproduction and breeding最新文献

Integrated physiological and molecular insights into grass carp adaptation to eutrophic environments 草鱼适应富营养化环境的综合生理和分子见解

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.002

Fangyuan Peng , Xueru Qian , Yizhen Wang , Shuxia Yao , Lingwei Tang , Chigang Huang , Deng Pan , Jinhui Liu , Wen Fu , Liangyue Peng , Wenbin Liu

In recent years, freshwater fisheries have experienced rapid development worldwide. However, poor water management practices associated with intensive, high-density aquaculture systems may accelerate eutrophication within aquaculture systems—posing a major challenge to the sustainable development of the finfish aquaculture industry. Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), one of the most widely cultivated herbivorous fish species characterized by rapid growth and high environmental adaptability, plays a pivotal role in the field of national aquaculture. To investigate the adaptive mechanisms of grass carp in eutrophic environments, a 30-day controlled culture experiment was conducted using lightly eutrophic water as the baseline rearing environment [Eutrophication levels were defined as follows: Lightly eutrophic: total nitrogen (TN) = 1.00 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) = 0.100 mg/L; Moderate eutrophic: TN = 2.00–6.00 mg/L, TP = 0.200–0.600 mg/L; Severe eutrophic: TN = 9.00–16.00 mg/L, TP = 0.900–1.300 mg/L]. Two grass carp strains—the common strain and the gynogenetic disease-resistant strain—were reared under controlled eutrophic conditions.

Using a multi-faceted analytical approach that included transmission electron microscopy, histological paraffin sectioning, blood smear analysis, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and antioxidant enzyme activity assays, this study revealed that eutrophic conditions induce structural damage to multiple tissues and organs in grass carp. Furthermore, beneficial responses of the antioxidant system to environmental stress and immune activation were observed. Notably, the gynogenetic disease-resistant strain exhibited superior adaptability and more efficient inflammatory regulation than the common strain. Integrated transcriptomic analysis revealed that grass carp mitigate the adverse effects of eutrophication by upregulating metabolic processes and activating immune signaling pathways. Specifically, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways were found to function synergistically, thereby promoting the adaptation of grass carp to eutrophic environments.

This study establishes a molecular basis for comprehensively elucidating the environmental adaptation mechanisms of fish, providing significant insights for the selective breeding of stress-tolerant aquatic species and the advancement of sustainable freshwater aquaculture practices.

近年来，全球淡水渔业发展迅速。然而，与集约化、高密度水产养殖系统相关的不良水资源管理做法可能加速水产养殖系统内的富营养化，对鳍鱼养殖业的可持续发展构成重大挑战。草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）是我国养殖最广泛的草食性鱼类之一，具有生长速度快、环境适应性强等特点，在我国水产养殖领域占有举足轻重的地位。为探讨草鱼在富营养化环境中的适应机制，以浅富营养化水体为基准饲养环境，进行了为期30 d的对照养殖试验[富营养化水平定义为：浅富营养化：总氮(TN) = 1.00 mg/L，总磷(TP) = 0.100 mg/L；中度富营养化：TN = 2.00-6.00 mg/L, TP = 0.200-0.600 mg/L；严重的富营养化:TN = 9.00 - -16.00 mg / L, TP = 0.900 - -1.300 mg / L)。在控制富营养化条件下饲养了两种草鱼品系——普通品系和雌核病抗性品系。通过透射电镜、组织石蜡切片、血液涂片、实时定量反转录PCR （qRT-PCR）和抗氧化酶活性分析等多方面的分析方法，本研究揭示了富营养化条件会导致草鱼多个组织和器官的结构损伤。此外，还观察到抗氧化系统对环境应激和免疫激活的有益反应。值得注意的是，雌性抗病菌株比普通菌株表现出更强的适应性和更有效的炎症调节。综合转录组学分析显示，草鱼通过上调代谢过程和激活免疫信号通路来减轻富营养化的不利影响。具体而言，研究发现过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）信号通路协同作用，从而促进草鱼对富营养化环境的适应。本研究为全面阐明鱼类的环境适应机制奠定了分子基础，为耐胁迫水生物种的选择性选育和推进可持续淡水养殖实践提供了重要见解。

{"title":"Integrated physiological and molecular insights into grass carp adaptation to eutrophic environments","authors":"Fangyuan Peng , Xueru Qian , Yizhen Wang , Shuxia Yao , Lingwei Tang , Chigang Huang , Deng Pan , Jinhui Liu , Wen Fu , Liangyue Peng , Wenbin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, freshwater fisheries have experienced rapid development worldwide. However, poor water management practices associated with intensive, high-density aquaculture systems may accelerate eutrophication within aquaculture systems—posing a major challenge to the sustainable development of the finfish aquaculture industry. Grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>), one of the most widely cultivated herbivorous fish species characterized by rapid growth and high environmental adaptability, plays a pivotal role in the field of national aquaculture. To investigate the adaptive mechanisms of grass carp in eutrophic environments, a 30-day controlled culture experiment was conducted using lightly eutrophic water as the baseline rearing environment [Eutrophication levels were defined as follows: Lightly eutrophic: total nitrogen (TN) = 1.00 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) = 0.100 mg/L; Moderate eutrophic: TN = 2.00–6.00 mg/L, TP = 0.200–0.600 mg/L; Severe eutrophic: TN = 9.00–16.00 mg/L, TP = 0.900–1.300 mg/L]. Two grass carp strains—the common strain and the gynogenetic disease-resistant strain—were reared under controlled eutrophic conditions.</div><div>Using a multi-faceted analytical approach that included transmission electron microscopy, histological paraffin sectioning, blood smear analysis, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and antioxidant enzyme activity assays, this study revealed that eutrophic conditions induce structural damage to multiple tissues and organs in grass carp. Furthermore, beneficial responses of the antioxidant system to environmental stress and immune activation were observed. Notably, the gynogenetic disease-resistant strain exhibited superior adaptability and more efficient inflammatory regulation than the common strain. Integrated transcriptomic analysis revealed that grass carp mitigate the adverse effects of eutrophication by upregulating metabolic processes and activating immune signaling pathways. Specifically, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways were found to function synergistically, thereby promoting the adaptation of grass carp to eutrophic environments.</div><div>This study establishes a molecular basis for comprehensively elucidating the environmental adaptation mechanisms of fish, providing significant insights for the selective breeding of stress-tolerant aquatic species and the advancement of sustainable freshwater aquaculture practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 53-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in breeding technologies for enhancing mustard yield and stress resilience: A comprehensive review 芥菜增产和抗逆性育种技术进展综述

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.001

Supratim Sadhu , Paresh Chandra Kole , Sohum Roy , Sagnik Ghosh , Mehdi Rahimi

Mustard (Brassica juncea) is a major oilseed crop, yet its yield and stability are constrained by a narrow genetic base and increasing biotic and abiotic stresses under changing climates. Although substantial progress has been made in mustard improvement, recent literature often treats traditional breeding, genomics, genome editing, hybrid systems and stress physiology as separate domains, limiting translation into integrated breeding pipelines. This review synthesizes recent advances in plant breeding technologies has significantly transformed strategies for increasing mustard yield by enabling precise modification of key agronomic characteristics and quality related traits. The quality of mustard oil has improved because of the precise manipulation of glucosinolate levels in mustard plants made possible by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as demonstrated in experimental studies on Brassica juncea. Hybrid seed production has been significantly enhanced through the Barnase-barstar gene system, which enables stable male sterility and efficient exploitation of heterosis, leading to improved yield stability and robustness. In parallel, microsatellite markers have become indispensable tools for genetic diversity analysis, trait mapping and marker-assisted breeding. In India, the development of hybrids such as DMH-11 (Dhara Mustard Hybrid - 11) signifies the integration of molecular breeding and genetic engineering approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and reducing dependence on edible oil imports. Collectively, these advances highlight the critical role of genetic manipulation and molecular breeding strategies in improving stress resilience and achieving sustainable gains in mustard productivity.

芥菜（Brassica juncea）是一种主要的油料作物，但其产量和稳定性受到遗传基础狭窄和气候变化下日益增加的生物和非生物胁迫的限制。尽管在芥菜改良方面取得了实质性进展，但最近的文献往往将传统育种、基因组学、基因组编辑、杂交系统和应激生理学作为单独的领域，限制了转化为综合育种管道。本文综述了植物育种技术的最新进展，通过对芥菜关键农艺性状和品质相关性状进行精确修饰，显著改变了芥菜增产策略。芥菜油的质量得到了改善，因为通过CRISPR/Cas9技术可以精确控制芥菜植物中的硫代葡萄糖苷水平，这在芥菜的实验研究中得到了证明。Barnase-barstar基因系统显著提高了杂交种子产量，使雄性不育性稳定，杂种优势得到有效利用，从而提高了产量的稳定性和稳健性。同时，微卫星标记已成为遗传多样性分析、性状定位和标记辅助育种不可缺少的工具。在印度，DMH-11 （Dhara Mustard Hybrid -11）等杂交品种的开发标志着分子育种和基因工程方法的结合，旨在提高生产力并减少对食用油进口的依赖。总的来说，这些进展突出了遗传操作和分子育种策略在提高芥菜抗逆性和实现可持续增产方面的关键作用。

{"title":"Advancements in breeding technologies for enhancing mustard yield and stress resilience: A comprehensive review","authors":"Supratim Sadhu , Paresh Chandra Kole , Sohum Roy , Sagnik Ghosh , Mehdi Rahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mustard (<em>Brassica juncea</em>) is a major oilseed crop, yet its yield and stability are constrained by a narrow genetic base and increasing biotic and abiotic stresses under changing climates. Although substantial progress has been made in mustard improvement, recent literature often treats traditional breeding, genomics, genome editing, hybrid systems and stress physiology as separate domains, limiting translation into integrated breeding pipelines. This review synthesizes recent advances in plant breeding technologies has significantly transformed strategies for increasing mustard yield by enabling precise modification of key agronomic characteristics and quality related traits. The quality of mustard oil has improved because of the precise manipulation of glucosinolate levels in mustard plants made possible by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as demonstrated in experimental studies on <em>Brassica juncea</em>. Hybrid seed production has been significantly enhanced through the Barnase-barstar gene system, which enables stable male sterility and efficient exploitation of heterosis, leading to improved yield stability and robustness. In parallel, microsatellite markers have become indispensable tools for genetic diversity analysis, trait mapping and marker-assisted breeding. In India, the development of hybrids such as DMH-11 (Dhara Mustard Hybrid - 11) signifies the integration of molecular breeding and genetic engineering approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and reducing dependence on edible oil imports. Collectively, these advances highlight the critical role of genetic manipulation and molecular breeding strategies in improving stress resilience and achieving sustainable gains in mustard productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A conserved role of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in spermatogenesis n6 -甲基腺苷（m6A）修饰在精子发生中的保守作用

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.005

Ayla Sinclair , Antonio Rockwell

Epitranscriptomics is an emerging field that addresses questions about the way RNA modifications affect gene expression. There are numerous known RNA modifications with N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) being the most prevalent. A wide range of biological processes such as spermatogenesis rely on the m⁶A modification. From an evolutionary perspective, m⁶A and its regulatory components are conserved during the process of spermatogenesis, owing to the efficiency and significance of the process. Studies in a wide range of organisms have helped to clarify the role of m⁶A in sperm development. Here we summarize articles focused on the role of m⁶A during spermatogenesis in various animal models. We incorporate animal studies that have been conducted on one of the three major m⁶A regulatory components, writers, readers and erasers. Additionally, we have added information from studies on m⁶A transcriptome wide investigations. Incorporating these investigations provides perspective to the conserved nature of the process, while contextualizing the impact research on spermatogenesis may have broadly.

表观转录组学是一个新兴的领域，它解决了关于RNA修饰影响基因表达的方式的问题。有许多已知的RNA修饰，其中n6 -甲基腺苷（m6A）是最普遍的。广泛的生物过程，如精子发生依赖于m6A修饰。从进化的角度来看，由于精子发生过程的效率和意义，m6A及其调控成分在精子发生过程中是保守的。对多种生物体的研究有助于阐明m6A在精子发育中的作用。在此，我们总结了在各种动物模型中关于m6A在精子发生过程中的作用的文章。我们纳入了对m6A三种主要调控成分之一的动物研究，即写入器、读取器和擦除器。此外，我们还增加了来自m6A转录组研究的信息。将这些研究结合起来，为这一过程的保守性提供了视角，同时将精子发生研究的影响置于广泛的背景下。

{"title":"A conserved role of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in spermatogenesis","authors":"Ayla Sinclair , Antonio Rockwell","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epitranscriptomics is an emerging field that addresses questions about the way RNA modifications affect gene expression. There are numerous known RNA modifications with N<sup>6</sup>-methyladenosine (m<sup>6</sup>A) being the most prevalent. A wide range of biological processes such as spermatogenesis rely on the m<sup>6</sup>A modification. From an evolutionary perspective, m<sup>6</sup>A and its regulatory components are conserved during the process of spermatogenesis, owing to the efficiency and significance of the process. Studies in a wide range of organisms have helped to clarify the role of m<sup>6</sup>A in sperm development. Here we summarize articles focused on the role of m<sup>6</sup>A during spermatogenesis in various animal models. We incorporate animal studies that have been conducted on one of the three major m<sup>6</sup>A regulatory components, writers, readers and erasers. Additionally, we have added information from studies on m<sup>6</sup>A transcriptome wide investigations. Incorporating these investigations provides perspective to the conserved nature of the process, while contextualizing the impact research on spermatogenesis may have broadly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Induction of haploid zebrafish and analysis of resultant developmental defects and aberrant gene expression 单倍体斑马鱼的诱导及由此产生的发育缺陷和异常基因表达分析

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.004

Xing Guo , Ruoyu Lin , Simin Huang , Jing Huang , Minggui Jiang , Xiudan Yuan , Jinhui Liu , Wen Fu , Wenbing Liu , Liangyue Peng

Haploid syndrome represents a fatal phenotypic condition that manifests during the embryonic stages of teleost fish, posing challenges for genetic screening and aquaculture breeding. This research employs zebrafish as a model to pinpoint the critical spectrum of developmental abnormalities that arise post-haploid induction and to uncover the primary transcriptomic dysregulation network along with potential functional genes. Haploid zebrafish embryos were produced using gynogenesis facilitated by sperm that had been exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The haploid condition was verified through flow cytometry and chromosome karyotype assessments. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was conducted via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) across various phenotypic categories to pinpoint differentially expressed genes. Enrichment analysis, co-expression network construction, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were utilized to identify relevant functional modules and key regulatory genes. The haploid embryos displayed characteristic phenotypes such as body axis curvature, pericardial edema, and early mortality, with a hatching rate significantly lower than that of the diploid control group. Transcriptomic analysis identified 2247 differentially expressed genes, with 13 genes consistently recognized across several group comparisons. Their functional enrichment was notably focused on the FGF/Wnt signaling pathway, mitochondrial translation, ion transport, cell cycle regulation, and other essential hub genes linked to developmental anomalies. Additionally, their expression levels showed a significant dose-dependent correlation with the extent of malformations. The results of this study suggest that the lethal developmental issues associated with haploid syndrome stem from the combined dysregulation of multiple pathways, establishing a set of key target genes for potential intervention. This research lays a theoretical groundwork and offers practical strategies for improving haploid survival rates, holding considerable promise for advancements in fish haploid breeding technology.

单倍体综合征是硬骨鱼胚胎阶段出现的一种致命表型，对遗传筛选和水产养殖育种提出了挑战。本研究以斑马鱼为模型，精确定位单倍体诱导后出现的发育异常的关键谱，并揭示主要的转录组失调网络以及潜在的功能基因。单倍体斑马鱼胚胎是通过暴露在紫外线辐射下的精子促进雌核发生而产生的。通过流式细胞术和染色体核型评估验证单倍体状态。全转录组测序通过RNA测序（RNA-seq）在不同表型类别中进行，以确定差异表达基因。利用富集分析、共表达网络构建、定量反转录PCR （qRT-PCR）等方法鉴定相关功能模块和关键调控基因。单倍体胚胎表现出体轴弯曲、心包水肿、早亡等特征性表型，孵化率明显低于二倍体对照组。转录组学分析确定了2247个差异表达基因，其中13个基因在几个组比较中一致被识别。它们的功能富集主要集中在FGF/Wnt信号通路、线粒体翻译、离子转运、细胞周期调节和其他与发育异常相关的重要枢纽基因上。此外，它们的表达水平与畸形程度呈显著的剂量依赖性相关。本研究结果提示，与单倍体综合征相关的致死性发育问题源于多种通路的联合失调，建立了一组潜在干预的关键靶基因。本研究为提高鱼类单倍体的存活率奠定了理论基础，并提供了实践策略，为鱼类单倍体育种技术的进步提供了可观的前景。

{"title":"Induction of haploid zebrafish and analysis of resultant developmental defects and aberrant gene expression","authors":"Xing Guo , Ruoyu Lin , Simin Huang , Jing Huang , Minggui Jiang , Xiudan Yuan , Jinhui Liu , Wen Fu , Wenbing Liu , Liangyue Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Haploid syndrome represents a fatal phenotypic condition that manifests during the embryonic stages of teleost fish, posing challenges for genetic screening and aquaculture breeding. This research employs zebrafish as a model to pinpoint the critical spectrum of developmental abnormalities that arise post-haploid induction and to uncover the primary transcriptomic dysregulation network along with potential functional genes. Haploid zebrafish embryos were produced using gynogenesis facilitated by sperm that had been exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The haploid condition was verified through flow cytometry and chromosome karyotype assessments. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was conducted via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) across various phenotypic categories to pinpoint differentially expressed genes. Enrichment analysis, co-expression network construction, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were utilized to identify relevant functional modules and key regulatory genes. The haploid embryos displayed characteristic phenotypes such as body axis curvature, pericardial edema, and early mortality, with a hatching rate significantly lower than that of the diploid control group. Transcriptomic analysis identified 2247 differentially expressed genes, with 13 genes consistently recognized across several group comparisons. Their functional enrichment was notably focused on the FGF/Wnt signaling pathway, mitochondrial translation, ion transport, cell cycle regulation, and other essential hub genes linked to developmental anomalies. Additionally, their expression levels showed a significant dose-dependent correlation with the extent of malformations. The results of this study suggest that the lethal developmental issues associated with haploid syndrome stem from the combined dysregulation of multiple pathways, establishing a set of key target genes for potential intervention. This research lays a theoretical groundwork and offers practical strategies for improving haploid survival rates, holding considerable promise for advancements in fish haploid breeding technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of genetic variation, heritability, and genetic advance among elite sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] genotypes for yield and yield associated traits under moisture stress areas 水分胁迫条件下优质高粱[sorghum bicolor (L) Moench]基因型产量及相关性状的遗传变异、遗传力及遗传进展评价

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.002

Werkissa Yali , Gudeta Nepir

In dry lowland regions of the world, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is a significant crop extensively farmed for food, feed, fodder, and fuel. Despite extensive breeding work, sorghum production and productivity remain low in Ethiopia. To create superior genotypes in breeding programs, it is necessary to comprehend the existence and extent of genetic diversity. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the importance of genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advance in sorghum genotypes. Using an alpha lattice design with two replications, a total of 72 genotypes were assessed during the main cropping season of 2020 in Miesso in Eastern Ethiopia and Kobo in Northern Ethiopia. For every trait, a combined analysis of variance revealed a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the genotypes. Grain yield, the number of heads per plot, and the number of stands at harvest had the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, while the number of days to flowering, days to maturity, grain filling period, leaf length, and leaf width had the lowest. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (GAM) varied from 2.28 % for the number of days to maturity to 97.04 % for grain yield, while broad sense heritability ranged from 26.46 % for panicle width to 89.67 % for grain yield. The genotypes ETSC14804-4-2 (4.97 t/ha), ETSC14695-1-2 (4.7 t/ha), and ETSC14715-3-1 (4.46 t/ha) were found to be high-yielders in comparison to the others based on the current data. Still, more research is required to make better recommendations.

在世界干旱的低地地区，高粱（sorghum bicolor (L) Moench）是一种重要的作物，被广泛种植，用作食物、饲料、饲料和燃料。尽管进行了广泛的育种工作，埃塞俄比亚的高粱产量和生产力仍然很低。为了在育种计划中创造优良的基因型，有必要了解遗传多样性的存在和程度。因此，本研究旨在评价高粱基因型遗传多样性、遗传力和遗传进展的重要性。采用两个重复的α晶格设计，在埃塞俄比亚东部的米索和北部的科博的2020年主要种植季对总共72个基因型进行了评估。对每个性状进行联合方差分析，结果显示基因型之间存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。籽粒产量、亩产穗数和收获林分数的基因型和表型变异系数最高，而开花期、成熟期、籽粒灌浆期、叶长和叶宽的变异系数最低。遗传进步占平均遗传率（GAM）的比例从成熟期的2.28%到产量的97.04%不等，广义遗传率从穗宽的26.46%到产量的89.67%不等。根据现有数据，与其他基因型相比，ETSC14804-4-2 （4.97 t/ha）、ETSC14695-1-2 （4.7 t/ha）和ETSC14715-3-1 （4.46 t/ha）是高产基因型。不过，要提出更好的建议，还需要更多的研究。

{"title":"Assessment of genetic variation, heritability, and genetic advance among elite sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] genotypes for yield and yield associated traits under moisture stress areas","authors":"Werkissa Yali , Gudeta Nepir","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In dry lowland regions of the world, sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L) Moench) is a significant crop extensively farmed for food, feed, fodder, and fuel. Despite extensive breeding work, sorghum production and productivity remain low in Ethiopia. To create superior genotypes in breeding programs, it is necessary to comprehend the existence and extent of genetic diversity. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the importance of genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advance in sorghum genotypes. Using an alpha lattice design with two replications, a total of 72 genotypes were assessed during the main cropping season of 2020 in Miesso in Eastern Ethiopia and Kobo in Northern Ethiopia. For every trait, a combined analysis of variance revealed a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the genotypes. Grain yield, the number of heads per plot, and the number of stands at harvest had the highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, while the number of days to flowering, days to maturity, grain filling period, leaf length, and leaf width had the lowest. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (GAM) varied from 2.28 % for the number of days to maturity to 97.04 % for grain yield, while broad sense heritability ranged from 26.46 % for panicle width to 89.67 % for grain yield. The genotypes ETSC14804-4-2 (4.97 t/ha), ETSC14695-1-2 (4.7 t/ha), and ETSC14715-3-1 (4.46 t/ha) were found to be high-yielders in comparison to the others based on the current data. Still, more research is required to make better recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in Iranian local rice genotypes for yield, and some agronomic traits 伊朗地方水稻产量和部分农艺性状的遗传变异、遗传力和遗传进展

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.003

Mostafa Modarresi

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a cornerstone of global food security, providing 20 % of the world's dietary energy and serving as a staple for half the global population. In Iran, rice supports food supply and economic stability, yet faces challenges like disease susceptibility and low yields. This study evaluated the genetic diversity and heritability of agronomic traits in 26 Iranian rice genotypes to inform breeding strategies for enhanced yield and adaptability. Conducted during the 2021–2023 years at the Rice Research Institute of Iran in Guilan Province, the experiment employed a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Traits assessed included grain yield, plant height, panicle number, thousand-grain weight, grain dimensions, awn length, and days to maturity. Analysis of variance revealed significant genetic variation (p < 0.01) across all traits. Grain yield ranged from 3.00 to 4.00 t ha⁻¹, with high-yielding genotypes like Ali Kazemi and Hashemi identified. Broad-sense heritability was high (0.886–0.974), indicating strong genetic control, particularly for grain shape (H² = 0.974) and awn length (H² = 0.997). Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were closely aligned, suggesting minimal environmental influence, with genetic advance as a percentage of the mean highest for awn length (206.93 %) and grain shape (32.71 %). Correlation analysis showed positive associations between grain yield and grain width (r = 0.29), while path analysis highlighted thousand-grain weight (0.226, p = 0.015) and productive tillers (0.190, p = 0.041) as key yield contributors. Hierarchical clustering grouped genotypes into four distinct clusters, reflecting diverse genetic profiles. These findings underscore the potential for targeted selection and hybridization to develop high-yielding, adaptable rice cultivars, enhancing Iran's rice production and global food security.

水稻（Oryza sativa L.）是全球粮食安全的基石，提供全球20%的膳食能量，是全球一半人口的主食。在伊朗，水稻支持粮食供应和经济稳定，但也面临疾病易感性和低产量等挑战。本研究评估了26个伊朗水稻基因型的遗传多样性和农艺性状的遗传力，为提高产量和适应性的育种策略提供信息。该实验于2021-2023年间在桂兰的伊朗水稻研究所进行，采用随机完全块设计，有三个重复。评估的性状包括产量、株高、穗数、千粒重、籽粒尺寸、芒长和成熟期。方差分析显示，所有性状之间存在显著的遗传变异（p < 0.01）。籽粒产量在3.00 ~ 4.00 t / m2之间，鉴定出Ali Kazemi和Hashemi等高产基因型。广义遗传力高（0.886 ~ 0.974），遗传控制力强，尤其是粒形（H2 = 0.974）和芒长（H2 = 0.997）。基因型和表型变异系数接近一致，表明环境影响最小，遗传进步占芒长（206.93%）和粒形（32.71%）的平均百分比最高。通径分析显示，千粒重（0.226,p = 0.015）和多产分蘖（0.190,p = 0.041）是籽粒产量的主要贡献因子。分层聚类将基因型分为四个不同的聚类，反映了不同的遗传谱。这些发现强调了有针对性的选择和杂交开发高产适应性强的水稻品种的潜力，从而提高伊朗的水稻生产和全球粮食安全。

{"title":"Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in Iranian local rice genotypes for yield, and some agronomic traits","authors":"Mostafa Modarresi","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) is a cornerstone of global food security, providing 20 % of the world's dietary energy and serving as a staple for half the global population. In Iran, rice supports food supply and economic stability, yet faces challenges like disease susceptibility and low yields. This study evaluated the genetic diversity and heritability of agronomic traits in 26 Iranian rice genotypes to inform breeding strategies for enhanced yield and adaptability. Conducted during the 2021–2023 years at the Rice Research Institute of Iran in Guilan Province, the experiment employed a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Traits assessed included grain yield, plant height, panicle number, thousand-grain weight, grain dimensions, awn length, and days to maturity. Analysis of variance revealed significant genetic variation (p < 0.01) across all traits. Grain yield ranged from 3.00 to 4.00 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, with high-yielding genotypes like Ali Kazemi and Hashemi identified. Broad-sense heritability was high (0.886–0.974), indicating strong genetic control, particularly for grain shape (H<sup>2</sup> = 0.974) and awn length (H<sup>2</sup> = 0.997). Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were closely aligned, suggesting minimal environmental influence, with genetic advance as a percentage of the mean highest for awn length (206.93 %) and grain shape (32.71 %). Correlation analysis showed positive associations between grain yield and grain width (r = 0.29), while path analysis highlighted thousand-grain weight (0.226, p = 0.015) and productive tillers (0.190, p = 0.041) as key yield contributors. Hierarchical clustering grouped genotypes into four distinct clusters, reflecting diverse genetic profiles. These findings underscore the potential for targeted selection and hybridization to develop high-yielding, adaptable rice cultivars, enhancing Iran's rice production and global food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 9-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in hybrid of female (megalobrama amblycephala × culter alburnus) × male megalobrama amblycephala and its parents 雌雄双头巨鲷与亲本杂交后肌间骨的比较分析

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.001

Kaikun Luo , Zezhou Zhong , Chengxi Liu, Zhonghua Peng, Binchao Liang, Haipeng Guo, Jing Wang, Wuhui Li, Chang Wu, Fangzhou Hu, Shi Wang, Yude Wang, Shengnan Li, Liang Guo, Zhongyuan Shen

Based on the formation of the hybrid lineage of blunt-snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala, BSB) × topmouth culter (culter alburnus, TC), a new kind of hybrid fish is produced by hybridizing the female diploid F1 hybrid of BSB × TC (short for BT) with male BSB. In order to investigate intermuscular bones variety in the distant hybrid progeny, the number, morphology, and distribution of intermuscular bones in the hybrids and its parents are analyzed. The number of intermuscular bones in BSB, TC, BT and the hybrid (BT × BSB, short for BTB) ranges from 112 to 119 (x =116.1), 126 to 136 (x =130.2), 121 to 139 (x =129.6) and 116 to 125 (x =119.9), respectively. The number in BTB is significantly lower than TC and BT (P < 0.05). The average number of intermuscular bones in each sarcomere is 0.6971 (BTB), 0.7256 (TC), 0.7570 (TC) and 0.8100(BT), respectively, which indicates that the BTB has the lowest intermuscular bones in each sarcomere. In morphology, the intermuscular bone of these four kinds of fish are divided into seven shape categories and higher in the anterior intermuscular bones than in the posterior body. These studies show that the BTB not only inherits the advantage traits from BSB (with less intermuscular bones), but also gains variant traits (with lowest intermuscular bones in each sarcomere), which are beneficial to its direct edible and deep processing in industry. This study proves that it is possible to produce superior varieties with lower intermuscular bones by distant hybridization, which has some significance in fish genetic breeding.

根据钝口鲷（megalobrama amblycephala， BSB）与上嘴鲷（culter alburnus， TC）杂交谱系的形成，将雌性二倍体BSB × TC（简称BT）的F1杂交体与雄性BSB杂交，培育出一种新的杂交鱼。为了研究远缘杂交种后代肌间骨的变异，本文分析了远缘杂交种及其亲本肌间骨的数量、形态和分布。BSB、TC、BT和杂交（BT × BSB，简称BTB）的肌间骨数分别为112 ~ 119 （x =116.1）、126 ~ 136 （x =130.2）、121 ~ 139 （x =129.6）和116 ~ 125 （x =119.9）。BTB数量显著低于TC和BT （P < 0.05）。平均每个肌节的肌间骨数分别为0.6971 （BTB）、0.7256 （TC）、0.7570 （TC）和0.8100(BT)，说明BTB是每个肌节中肌间骨最少的。在形态学上，这四种鱼的肌间骨分为七个形状类别，前肌间骨高于后体。这些研究表明，BTB不仅继承了BSB的优势性状（肌间骨较少），而且获得了变异性状（每个肌节肌间骨最少），这有利于其直接食用和工业深加工。本研究证明通过远缘杂交可以培育出肌间骨较低的优良品种，在鱼类遗传育种中具有一定的意义。

{"title":"Comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in hybrid of female (megalobrama amblycephala × culter alburnus) × male megalobrama amblycephala and its parents","authors":"Kaikun Luo , Zezhou Zhong , Chengxi Liu, Zhonghua Peng, Binchao Liang, Haipeng Guo, Jing Wang, Wuhui Li, Chang Wu, Fangzhou Hu, Shi Wang, Yude Wang, Shengnan Li, Liang Guo, Zhongyuan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the formation of the hybrid lineage of blunt-snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala, BSB) × topmouth culter (culter alburnus, TC), a new kind of hybrid fish is produced by hybridizing the female diploid F1 hybrid of BSB × TC (short for BT) with male BSB. In order to investigate intermuscular bones variety in the distant hybrid progeny, the number, morphology, and distribution of intermuscular bones in the hybrids and its parents are analyzed. The number of intermuscular bones in BSB, TC, BT and the hybrid (BT × BSB, short for BTB) ranges from 112 to 119 (x =116.1), 126 to 136 (x =130.2), 121 to 139 (x =129.6) and 116 to 125 (x =119.9), respectively. The number in BTB is significantly lower than TC and BT (P < 0.05). The average number of intermuscular bones in each sarcomere is 0.6971 (BTB), 0.7256 (TC), 0.7570 (TC) and 0.8100(BT), respectively, which indicates that the BTB has the lowest intermuscular bones in each sarcomere. In morphology, the intermuscular bone of these four kinds of fish are divided into seven shape categories and higher in the anterior intermuscular bones than in the posterior body. These studies show that the BTB not only inherits the advantage traits from BSB (with less intermuscular bones), but also gains variant traits (with lowest intermuscular bones in each sarcomere), which are beneficial to its direct edible and deep processing in industry. This study proves that it is possible to produce superior varieties with lower intermuscular bones by distant hybridization, which has some significance in fish genetic breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of population structure and selection signatures for artificial domestication of rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) in coastal China 中国沿海石鲷人工驯化种群结构及选择特征分析

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.002

Bo Liu , Han Zhang , Zhou Jiang , Peihong Huang , Jie Gong , Bijun Li , Qiaozhen Ke , Tao Zhou , Peng Xu

Domestication represents a powerful model for exploring genetic differentiation and the evolutionary dynamics of adaptation. In this study, we investigated selection signatures across the whole genome of rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) to explore its evolutionary and domestication history. Whole-genome resequencing was performed on 75 individuals from six wild populations and one domesticated group. Selection signatures were identified using genetic differentiation coefficient (F_st), nucleotide diversity (Pi), and minimum allele frequency difference (Maf). Principal component analysis, population structure analysis, and linkage disequilibrium decay analysis were conducted to assess genetic divergence between wild and cultured populations. The analyses revealed indicated significant differences in genetic structure between the wild and domesticated populations, while no such differences were observed among the six wild populations. A total of 80 candidate genes under selection were identified, including those associated with behavior (rcan1, meis2), skeletal development and growth (casr), immunity (camk4), and energy metabolism (pdk2). These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying rock bream domestication and provide valuable genomic resources for future selective breeding programs.

驯化是探索遗传分化和适应进化动力学的有力模型。本研究通过研究岩鲷（Oplegnathus fasciatus）全基因组的选择特征，探讨其进化和驯化历史。对来自6个野生种群和1个驯化种群的75个个体进行了全基因组重测序。利用遗传分化系数（Fst）、核苷酸多样性（Pi）和最小等位基因频率差（Maf）鉴定选择特征。采用主成分分析、群体结构分析和连锁不平衡衰减分析对野生群体和养殖群体的遗传差异进行了评价。结果表明，野生种群与驯化种群在遗传结构上存在显著差异，而6个野生种群间无显著差异。共鉴定出80个候选基因，包括与行为（rcan1, meis2），骨骼发育和生长（casr），免疫（camk4）和能量代谢（pdk2）相关的基因。这些发现揭示了石鲷驯化的分子机制，并为未来的选择性育种计划提供了宝贵的基因组资源。

{"title":"Analysis of population structure and selection signatures for artificial domestication of rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) in coastal China","authors":"Bo Liu , Han Zhang , Zhou Jiang , Peihong Huang , Jie Gong , Bijun Li , Qiaozhen Ke , Tao Zhou , Peng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domestication represents a powerful model for exploring genetic differentiation and the evolutionary dynamics of adaptation. In this study, we investigated selection signatures across the whole genome of rock bream (<em>Oplegnathus fasciatus</em>) to explore its evolutionary and domestication history. Whole-genome resequencing was performed on 75 individuals from six wild populations and one domesticated group. Selection signatures were identified using genetic differentiation coefficient (<em>F</em><sub>st</sub>), nucleotide diversity (Pi), and minimum allele frequency difference (Maf). Principal component analysis, population structure analysis, and linkage disequilibrium decay analysis were conducted to assess genetic divergence between wild and cultured populations. The analyses revealed indicated significant differences in genetic structure between the wild and domesticated populations, while no such differences were observed among the six wild populations. A total of 80 candidate genes under selection were identified, including those associated with behavior (<em>rcan1</em>, <em>meis2</em>), skeletal development and growth (<em>casr</em>), immunity (<em>camk4</em>), and energy metabolism (<em>pdk2</em>). These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying rock bream domestication and provide valuable genomic resources for future selective breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 231-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of pollen viability and germination in banana (Musa acuminata) diploids under humid tropical conditions 湿润热带条件下香蕉（Musa acuminata）二倍体花粉活力和萌发的测定

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.001

Stivens Flores-Guillén , Jorge Sandoval-Fernández , Edson Perito Amorim , Rafael Segura-Mena , Fabián Echeverría-Beirute

Genetic improvement of banana (Musa acuminata) is essential to overcome the challenges that limit its sustainable production, including critical diseases such as Fusarium tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) and Black Sigatoka caused by Pseudocercospora fijiensis. This study aimed to evaluate the viability and germination of pollen from three improved diploids Musa acuminata (accessions M53, 013018-01, and 013004-04), along with a globally recognized wild accession 'Calcutta 4' and a non-fertile commercial cultivar M. acuminata cv. Pisang Mas as a contrasting treatment, under humid tropical conditions in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Pollen grains were collected at different times (7:30, 10:30, and 13:30) and from different positions of the male inflorescence (proximal, medial, and distal). Results showed significant differences in pollen germination based on genotype, sampling time, and position. The diploid M53 had the highest germination percentage (21.2 %), with distal positions and afternoon sampling being the most favorable, followed by diploids 013018-01, Calcutta 4, and 013004-04 with germination rates of 16 %, 8 %, and 5 %, respectively. All genotypes exhibited viability percentages above 90 %. The cultivar Pisang Mas showed no germination in any of the evaluated treatments due to its sterility. These findings provide important insights for genetic improvement programs, facilitating the selection of progenitors with better reproductive capacities under tropical conditions and strengthening the genetic base for research with Cavendish subgroup representatives to address current biotic and abiotic threats.

香蕉（Musa acuminata）的遗传改良对于克服限制其可持续生产的挑战至关重要，包括由斐济伪cercospora fijiensis引起的热带枯萎病4 （Foc TR4）和黑叶斑病等关键疾病。本研究旨在评价3个改良二倍体（材料M53、013018-01和013004-04）、全球公认的野生入种‘加尔各答4号’和一个非育性商业栽培品种acuminata cv的花粉活力和萌发。在哥斯达黎加Turrialba潮湿的热带条件下，Pisang Mas作为一种对比处理。在不同时间（7:30、10:30和13:30）和雄花的不同位置（近端、中端和远端）采集花粉粒。结果表明，不同基因型、取样时间和取样位置对花粉萌发有显著影响。二倍体M53的发芽率最高（21.2%），远端和下午取样的发芽率最高，其次是二倍体013018-01、加尔各答4号和013004-04，发芽率分别为16%、8%和5%。所有基因型的存活率均在90%以上。由于其不育性，Pisang ma在所有评价处理中均未萌发。这些发现为遗传改良计划提供了重要的见解，促进了在热带条件下具有更好繁殖能力的祖先的选择，并加强了与卡文迪什亚群代表进行研究的遗传基础，以应对当前的生物和非生物威胁。

{"title":"Determination of pollen viability and germination in banana (Musa acuminata) diploids under humid tropical conditions","authors":"Stivens Flores-Guillén , Jorge Sandoval-Fernández , Edson Perito Amorim , Rafael Segura-Mena , Fabián Echeverría-Beirute","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic improvement of banana (<em>Musa acuminata</em>) is essential to overcome the challenges that limit its sustainable production, including critical diseases such as <em>Fusarium</em> tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) and Black Sigatoka caused by <em>Pseudocercospora fijiensis</em>. This study aimed to evaluate the viability and germination of pollen from three improved diploids <em>Musa acuminata</em> (accessions M53, 013018-01, and 013004-04), along with a globally recognized wild accession 'Calcutta 4' and a non-fertile commercial cultivar <em>M. acuminata cv.</em> Pisang Mas as a contrasting treatment, under humid tropical conditions in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Pollen grains were collected at different times (7:30, 10:30, and 13:30) and from different positions of the male inflorescence (proximal, medial, and distal). Results showed significant differences in pollen germination based on genotype, sampling time, and position. The diploid M53 had the highest germination percentage (21.2 %), with distal positions and afternoon sampling being the most favorable, followed by diploids 013018-01, Calcutta 4, and 013004-04 with germination rates of 16 %, 8 %, and 5 %, respectively. All genotypes exhibited viability percentages above 90 %. The cultivar Pisang Mas showed no germination in any of the evaluated treatments due to its sterility. These findings provide important insights for genetic improvement programs, facilitating the selection of progenitors with better reproductive capacities under tropical conditions and strengthening the genetic base for research with Cavendish subgroup representatives to address current biotic and abiotic threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yield assessment of F6 generation tomato lines under irrigated and drought environments based on stress tolerance index 基于抗逆性指数的灌溉和干旱条件下F6代番茄品系产量评价

Reproduction and breeding

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2025.10.002

Nirwansyah Amier , Muh Farid , Muhammad Fuad Anshori , Rahmansyah Dermawan , Adnan , Jekvy Hendra

The stress tolerance index is widely used to detect genotypes' tolerance levels under stress conditions, such as tomato plants. Therefore, determining secondary characters requires an appropriate statistical approach, one of which is the concept of multivariate analysis. This study aims to determine the main secondary characters and select tomato lines that are adaptive to drought stress. The research was conducted in parallel at 2 locations from August to December 2023 at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, located in Tamalanrea District, Makassar City, at an altitude of 12 m above sea level and the Maros Youth Learning Center Garden, Purnakarya Village, Tanralili District, Maros Regency at an altitude of 31 m above sea level, South Sulawesi. This study used Augmented design with Nested Design as the environment design. Location 1 irrigated environment and location 2 drought stress comprised 126 genotypes of 121 F6 lines and five parental varieties (Karuna, Mawar, Chung, Gustavi, and Gammara). This study consisted of 5 blocks; each genotype consisted of 8 plants in each location. The stress tolerance index analysis results showed that the 12 best tomato genotypes have adapted to drought stress, namely genotypes MC10. 4.5.5, KM23.3.3.10, MC74.12.8.1, MC10.7.2.3, MC12.3.2.1, MC29.4.6.4, KM5.3.4.12, MC8.3.3.2, MC10.7.2.1, MC79.2.7.9, MC8.11.5.1 and MC27.12.1.6. These genotypes were selected based on a comprehensive performance review across all measured parameters. Based on the overall review, the results of this evaluation are recommended as a consideration for the selection of F7 lines in supporting the direction of releasing tomato varieties from environmentally adaptive results.

胁迫耐受性指数被广泛用于检测基因型在胁迫条件下的耐受性水平，如番茄植株。因此，确定次要特征需要适当的统计方法，其中之一是多变量分析的概念。本研究旨在确定番茄主要次生性状，筛选适应干旱胁迫的番茄品系。该研究于2023年8月至12月在两个地点平行进行，分别是位于望加锡市Tamalanrea区的Hasanuddin大学农业学院实验花园，海拔12米，以及位于南苏拉威西岛马洛斯县Tanralili区的Purnakarya村的马洛斯青年学习中心花园，海拔31米。本研究采用增强设计和嵌套设计作为环境设计。位置1灌溉环境和位置2干旱胁迫包括121个F6系126个基因型和5个亲本品种（Karuna、Mawar、Chung、Gustavi和Gammara）。本研究由5个区块组成；每个基因型在每个位置由8株组成。抗逆性指数分析结果表明，12个最佳番茄基因型均适应干旱胁迫，即MC10基因型。4.5.5、KM23.3.3.10 MC74.12.8.1, MC10.7.2.3、MC12.3.2.1 MC29.4.6.4, KM5.3.4.12, MC8.3.3.2, MC10.7.2.1, MC79.2.7.9, MC8.11.5.1 MC27.12.1.6。这些基因型的选择是基于对所有测量参数的综合性能评估。综上所述，本评价结果可作为F7品系选择的参考依据，支持番茄品种环境适应性释放的方向。

{"title":"Yield assessment of F6 generation tomato lines under irrigated and drought environments based on stress tolerance index","authors":"Nirwansyah Amier , Muh Farid , Muhammad Fuad Anshori , Rahmansyah Dermawan , Adnan , Jekvy Hendra","doi":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.repbre.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stress tolerance index is widely used to detect genotypes' tolerance levels under stress conditions, such as tomato plants. Therefore, determining secondary characters requires an appropriate statistical approach, one of which is the concept of multivariate analysis. This study aims to determine the main secondary characters and select tomato lines that are adaptive to drought stress. The research was conducted in parallel at 2 locations from August to December 2023 at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, located in Tamalanrea District, Makassar City, at an altitude of 12 m above sea level and the Maros Youth Learning Center Garden, Purnakarya Village, Tanralili District, Maros Regency at an altitude of 31 m above sea level, South Sulawesi. This study used Augmented design with Nested Design as the environment design. Location 1 irrigated environment and location 2 drought stress comprised 126 genotypes of 121 F6 lines and five parental varieties (Karuna, Mawar, Chung, Gustavi, and Gammara). This study consisted of 5 blocks; each genotype consisted of 8 plants in each location. The stress tolerance index analysis results showed that the 12 best tomato genotypes have adapted to drought stress, namely genotypes MC10. 4.5.5, KM23.3.3.10, MC74.12.8.1, MC10.7.2.3, MC12.3.2.1, MC29.4.6.4, KM5.3.4.12, MC8.3.3.2, MC10.7.2.1, MC79.2.7.9, MC8.11.5.1 and MC27.12.1.6. These genotypes were selected based on a comprehensive performance review across all measured parameters. Based on the overall review, the results of this evaluation are recommended as a consideration for the selection of F7 lines in supporting the direction of releasing tomato varieties from environmentally adaptive results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74667,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction and breeding","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 214-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0