{"title":"Factors Affecting the Ethanol Production from Sugar Beet Molasses","authors":"A. Mohamed, A. El-Makhzangy","doi":"10.21608/jpd.2018.41864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2018.41864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"32 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83879204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20231201.14
S. Okoth, L. Wamae, I. Kariuki, L. Matumba, V. Joutsjoki, H. Korhonen
: This study evaluated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation and aflatoxin concentrations of napier grass, whole crop green maize and whole crop dry maize plant silages, infested with aflatoxigenic mold Aspergillus flavus. The forage was chopped into 10kg portions in duplicates and inoculated with 100 ml of 10 6-7 CFU/ml, B2 27 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB1); B410 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB 2); LAB 1 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold; LAB 2 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold ; control 1-no addition; control 2 – mold only; control 3 – LAB 1 only; control 4 – LAB 2 only. The inoculated silage bags were sealed for 90 days and sampling done monthly to evaluate LAB, fungal counts and aflatoxin B1. Dry matter (DM), pH, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were determined using AOAC methods. Mold population decreased in month one but increased thereafter. Silage type determined LAB ( p = 6.2e-08) and mold ( p = 3.9e-08) proliferation. Dry maize and napier grass silages favoured LAB and mold growth, respectively. LAB inhibited mold growth and aflatoxin production ( p = 2.2e-04). Silage pH in the third month ranged between 4.55 – 5.67 with no smell of butyric acid. Though napier and dry maize plants showed higher nutritional qualities, they favoured mold growth and aflatoxin proliferation. Aflatoxin-inhibiting LAB starters are useful in controlling aflatoxin risk in silage.
{"title":"Evaluation of Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Control of Aflatoxin Contamination in Silage","authors":"S. Okoth, L. Wamae, I. Kariuki, L. Matumba, V. Joutsjoki, H. Korhonen","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20231201.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20231201.14","url":null,"abstract":": This study evaluated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation and aflatoxin concentrations of napier grass, whole crop green maize and whole crop dry maize plant silages, infested with aflatoxigenic mold Aspergillus flavus. The forage was chopped into 10kg portions in duplicates and inoculated with 100 ml of 10 6-7 CFU/ml, B2 27 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB1); B410 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB 2); LAB 1 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold; LAB 2 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold ; control 1-no addition; control 2 – mold only; control 3 – LAB 1 only; control 4 – LAB 2 only. The inoculated silage bags were sealed for 90 days and sampling done monthly to evaluate LAB, fungal counts and aflatoxin B1. Dry matter (DM), pH, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were determined using AOAC methods. Mold population decreased in month one but increased thereafter. Silage type determined LAB ( p = 6.2e-08) and mold ( p = 3.9e-08) proliferation. Dry maize and napier grass silages favoured LAB and mold growth, respectively. LAB inhibited mold growth and aflatoxin production ( p = 2.2e-04). Silage pH in the third month ranged between 4.55 – 5.67 with no smell of butyric acid. Though napier and dry maize plants showed higher nutritional qualities, they favoured mold growth and aflatoxin proliferation. Aflatoxin-inhibiting LAB starters are useful in controlling aflatoxin risk in silage.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83148823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20231201.13
Cheng Jia-sheng, Wang Zhi-long, Qiao Xiang-mei, Wang Zhi-wei, Liu Lie, Huang Ge, Cui Yong-zhen, Yu Ya-xiong, Wu Yu
{"title":"Best Sowing Date for Wheat Summer Planting in Kunming","authors":"Cheng Jia-sheng, Wang Zhi-long, Qiao Xiang-mei, Wang Zhi-wei, Liu Lie, Huang Ge, Cui Yong-zhen, Yu Ya-xiong, Wu Yu","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20231201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20231201.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87057921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20231201.12
Djikpo Vignon Adelphe Rosos, Teka Oscar, Djossa Bruno, Oumorou Madjidou, S. Brice
: Urban green spaces have several benefits for humans and environment as ecosystem services that are neglected and underestimated in developing countries. This study was undertaken to assess the importance of UGS to citizens’ communities, evaluate threats to their viability, and identify participatory strategies locally applicable for urban green space viability in three cities (Ouidah, Cotonou and Porto-Novo) of Benin. Surveys were conducted with a questionnaire and 360 respondents were selected from three cities. Data were analyzed belonging to socioeconomic variables such as age, gender, and educational levels. Chi-square test, correlations through corrplot packages, and Principal Component Analysis were also performed under R software. Results reveal six services: shading, air pollutants absorption, aesthetics, recreation, medicinal uses, and economic benefit. However, communities also consider urban green spaces as dumping waste, mosquito lodges, and threats to roads and buildings cracking with roots. These benefits and disturbances differed significantly between the three cities (χ 2 = 110.65; p < 0.001) and three categories of interviewees (χ 2 = 25.32; p = 0.004). Urban green spaces are also illegally cut, debarked, pruned, topped, and rooted. Otherwise, communities' willingness to participate in urban green management varies belonging to gender. Therefore, urban green spaces play an important socioeconomic role for surrounding communities and it’s urgent to ensure the viability of these ecosystems.
{"title":"Understanding Coastal Residents’ Perception on Urban Green Spaces in Benin, West Africa","authors":"Djikpo Vignon Adelphe Rosos, Teka Oscar, Djossa Bruno, Oumorou Madjidou, S. Brice","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20231201.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20231201.12","url":null,"abstract":": Urban green spaces have several benefits for humans and environment as ecosystem services that are neglected and underestimated in developing countries. This study was undertaken to assess the importance of UGS to citizens’ communities, evaluate threats to their viability, and identify participatory strategies locally applicable for urban green space viability in three cities (Ouidah, Cotonou and Porto-Novo) of Benin. Surveys were conducted with a questionnaire and 360 respondents were selected from three cities. Data were analyzed belonging to socioeconomic variables such as age, gender, and educational levels. Chi-square test, correlations through corrplot packages, and Principal Component Analysis were also performed under R software. Results reveal six services: shading, air pollutants absorption, aesthetics, recreation, medicinal uses, and economic benefit. However, communities also consider urban green spaces as dumping waste, mosquito lodges, and threats to roads and buildings cracking with roots. These benefits and disturbances differed significantly between the three cities (χ 2 = 110.65; p < 0.001) and three categories of interviewees (χ 2 = 25.32; p = 0.004). Urban green spaces are also illegally cut, debarked, pruned, topped, and rooted. Otherwise, communities' willingness to participate in urban green management varies belonging to gender. Therefore, urban green spaces play an important socioeconomic role for surrounding communities and it’s urgent to ensure the viability of these ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72624441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20231201.11
Dohan Mariam Soma, Delwendé Innocent Kiba, Ouakoltio Youssouf Abidine Traoré, Z. Gnankambary, F. Lompo, Papaoba Michel Sedogo
{"title":"Carbon and Nutrients Dynamics Along a Lixisol Profile as Affected by Long-Term Organic and Mineral Fertilization","authors":"Dohan Mariam Soma, Delwendé Innocent Kiba, Ouakoltio Youssouf Abidine Traoré, Z. Gnankambary, F. Lompo, Papaoba Michel Sedogo","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20231201.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20231201.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88364930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20221103.11
Ashenafi Nigussie, Abreham Yacob
{"title":"Agronomic Performance of Barley as Affected by Biochar and Lime Application on Acid Soil of Hula Hagereselam Sidama, Ethiopia","authors":"Ashenafi Nigussie, Abreham Yacob","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20221103.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221103.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76109154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20221101.13
R. Elema, Alamu Tolosa, F. Yemane
: The study was conducted during 2019 main cropping season at Erer research station Babile district PA. Globally pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is the fifth most important pulse crop mainly grown in the developing countries by resource-poor farmers in drought prone areas and on degraded soils. It is a multipurpose leguminous crop that can provide food, forage, fuel wood and fodder for the small-scale farmer in subsistence agriculture. Pigeon pea is a deep-rooted and drought tolerant grain legume that adds substantial amount of organic matter to the soil and has the ability to fix up to 235 kg N/ha). Harari regional state, farmers didn’t accept drought tolerant sorghum variety, because of small harvests of total biomass. Thus why, pigeon pea sorghum intercropping can solve the problem of low availability of forage and low soil fertility in this low land area. The treatments of the experiments were, Sole sorghum (malkam) variety, Sorghum + Accession 16520, Sorghum + Accession 16527, sorghum +Accession 16528, pigeon pea Accession 16520, Pigeon pea Accession 16527 and Accession 16528 respectively. The design of the experiment was, RCBD with three replication. The result showed significant difference statistically, in terms of plant height, panicle length, and panicle diameter at 5% (table 1). The highest plant height was obtained from the treatment with sorghum intercropped with pigeon pea accession 16527 (tsegas variety). The result that obtained was statistically not significant in terms of grain yield (p < 0.01) among treatments (both sole and intercropped one). In (Table 1) was indicated that intercropping of pigeon pea Accessions had no negative significant effect on grain yields of sorghum. The maximum grain yields were obtained from T3 (sorghumX16527 pigeon pea accession); (2894) kg ha -1 ), followed by T2 (16527 pigeon pea accession) (2856) kg ha -1 respectively. The minimum grain yield obtained from sole sorghum (2339 kg ha -1 ). The most probable reason for this variation could be due to leguminous nature of pigeon pea accessions that add nitrogen nutrients to the soil and affect sorghum positively. When observed graphically, there is mean yield difference. Both land equivalent ratio and relative total yield was calculated and the obtained result is about 1.22. So this intercropped experiment is advantageous. Partial budget analysis was conducted and the experiment is economically viable.
研究于2019年主要种植季在巴比勒区Erer研究站进行。全球鸽豆(Cajanus cajan, L.)milsp .)是最重要的第五大脉冲作物，主要由发展中国家资源贫乏的农民在干旱易发地区和退化的土壤上种植。它是一种多用途的豆科作物，可以为自给农业的小农提供食物、饲料、薪柴和饲料。鸽豆是一种深根耐旱的豆科谷物，可向土壤中添加大量有机物，并具有高达235公斤N/公顷的固定能力。哈拉里州地区的农民不接受耐旱高粱品种，因为总生物量收成小。因此，鸽豆高粱间作可以解决该低地地区牧草可利用性低、土壤肥力低的问题。试验处理分别为:单高粱(malkam)品种、高粱+ 16520、高粱+ 16527、高粱+ 16528、豇豆16520、豇豆16527和16528。实验设计为RCBD三次重复。株高、穗长、穗直径在5%时差异有统计学意义(表1)。高粱间作鸽豆品种16527株高最高。单作和间作处理籽粒产量差异无统计学意义(p < 0.01)。由(表1)可知，间作鸽豆对高粱籽粒产量无显著负影响。籽粒产量最高的品种为T3(高粱x16527鸽豆品种);(2894) kg ha -1)，其次是T2 (16527) (2856) kg ha -1。单株高粱的最低产量(2339公斤公顷-1)。这种差异最可能的原因可能是由于鸽豆的豆科性质，增加了土壤的氮营养，并对高粱产生了积极的影响。当用图形观察时，有平均产量差异。计算了土地等效比和相对总产量，得到的结果约为1.22。所以这种间作实验是有利的。进行了部分预算分析，经济上可行。
{"title":"Effects of Pigeon Pea (<i>Cajanus cajan</i>) Intercropping on Sorghum Crop Production and Soil Fertility Level in Case of Harari Regional State (Erer Research on Station)","authors":"R. Elema, Alamu Tolosa, F. Yemane","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20221101.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.13","url":null,"abstract":": The study was conducted during 2019 main cropping season at Erer research station Babile district PA. Globally pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is the fifth most important pulse crop mainly grown in the developing countries by resource-poor farmers in drought prone areas and on degraded soils. It is a multipurpose leguminous crop that can provide food, forage, fuel wood and fodder for the small-scale farmer in subsistence agriculture. Pigeon pea is a deep-rooted and drought tolerant grain legume that adds substantial amount of organic matter to the soil and has the ability to fix up to 235 kg N/ha). Harari regional state, farmers didn’t accept drought tolerant sorghum variety, because of small harvests of total biomass. Thus why, pigeon pea sorghum intercropping can solve the problem of low availability of forage and low soil fertility in this low land area. The treatments of the experiments were, Sole sorghum (malkam) variety, Sorghum + Accession 16520, Sorghum + Accession 16527, sorghum +Accession 16528, pigeon pea Accession 16520, Pigeon pea Accession 16527 and Accession 16528 respectively. The design of the experiment was, RCBD with three replication. The result showed significant difference statistically, in terms of plant height, panicle length, and panicle diameter at 5% (table 1). The highest plant height was obtained from the treatment with sorghum intercropped with pigeon pea accession 16527 (tsegas variety). The result that obtained was statistically not significant in terms of grain yield (p < 0.01) among treatments (both sole and intercropped one). In (Table 1) was indicated that intercropping of pigeon pea Accessions had no negative significant effect on grain yields of sorghum. The maximum grain yields were obtained from T3 (sorghumX16527 pigeon pea accession); (2894) kg ha -1 ), followed by T2 (16527 pigeon pea accession) (2856) kg ha -1 respectively. The minimum grain yield obtained from sole sorghum (2339 kg ha -1 ). The most probable reason for this variation could be due to leguminous nature of pigeon pea accessions that add nitrogen nutrients to the soil and affect sorghum positively. When observed graphically, there is mean yield difference. Both land equivalent ratio and relative total yield was calculated and the obtained result is about 1.22. So this intercropped experiment is advantageous. Partial budget analysis was conducted and the experiment is economically viable.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80205332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20221102.11
Yewubdinber Lemma, W. Mohammed, Sintayehu Adimas
{"title":"Principal Component and Cluster Analyses for Quantitative Traits in Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa)","authors":"Yewubdinber Lemma, W. Mohammed, Sintayehu Adimas","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20221102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221102.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77146404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20221101.15
Mandefro Aslake, A. Sintayehu
{"title":"The Current Threats of Wheat Stripe Rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici</i>) Disease and the Consequence for Food Security in Ethiopia","authors":"Mandefro Aslake, A. Sintayehu","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20221101.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82905515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.aff.20221101.12
Werkissa Yali
: To meet the expanding global population's need for food, high-yielding hybrids, varieties, and superior populations of food crops must be developed. This can be accomplished by employing a molecular marker system. Breeders can use molecular markers to choose genotypes directly because they are not affected by the environment. Crop yields must be increased to meet the needs of growing people around the world, as well as the threat of new viruses, if climate change is to be avoided in the next decades. Agriculture is confronted with rising demand from a growing population, as well as dangers of restricted production area as a result of climate change, such as water scarcity, soil salinity, or harvest weather that is unpredictable. Plant breeding's ultimate goal is to create better crops. Crop productivity is something that can be improved. Any region (locus) in an organism's genome where the DNA base sequence differs among different individuals in a population is referred to as a molecular marker. DNA markers have been created in recent years and have shown to be effective tools for cereal breeding. The overall goal of this review paper is to evaluate the role, kind, and utility of markers in in crop improvement program.
{"title":"Molecular Markers: Their Importance, Types, and Applications in Modern Agriculture","authors":"Werkissa Yali","doi":"10.11648/j.aff.20221101.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221101.12","url":null,"abstract":": To meet the expanding global population's need for food, high-yielding hybrids, varieties, and superior populations of food crops must be developed. This can be accomplished by employing a molecular marker system. Breeders can use molecular markers to choose genotypes directly because they are not affected by the environment. Crop yields must be increased to meet the needs of growing people around the world, as well as the threat of new viruses, if climate change is to be avoided in the next decades. Agriculture is confronted with rising demand from a growing population, as well as dangers of restricted production area as a result of climate change, such as water scarcity, soil salinity, or harvest weather that is unpredictable. Plant breeding's ultimate goal is to create better crops. Crop productivity is something that can be improved. Any region (locus) in an organism's genome where the DNA base sequence differs among different individuals in a population is referred to as a molecular marker. DNA markers have been created in recent years and have shown to be effective tools for cereal breeding. The overall goal of this review paper is to evaluate the role, kind, and utility of markers in in crop improvement program.","PeriodicalId":7466,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83717666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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