Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin = Revue mensuelle suisse d'odonto-stomatologie = Rivista mensile svizzera di odontologia e stomatologia最新文献

Because of the typical localisation of erosions in anorectic/bulimic patients, the dentist is frequently the first medical person to discern this general illness (anorexia and bulimia nervosa). From the dental viewpoint, the aim should be to preserve sound dental tissue and to prevent further toothwear. A restorative treatment is to be carried out only after causal therapy and after resolving the basic disease. By means of this procedure a good long-term prognosis can be expected. Considering the patient's young age, dentistry should be preservative using the adhesive technique. This case report documents the systematic procedure of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of an eroded dentition and shows factors essential to the treatment.

Halitosis or bad breath is a taboo subject that is a widespread problem in the general population. Causes of bad breath can be multifactorial and long time sufferers can be marred from deep psychological stress. Because nine out of ten cases have an oral cause, the initial inquiry should be with a dentist. In a retrospective study from February 2003 to February 2010, the halitosis clinic at the University of Basel analyzed data from 465 patient medical histories. Study objectives evaluated the causes of halitosis, gender distribution and treatment success. All patients reported to have suffered from bad breath. However, 82.7% were actually diagnosed as having halitosis. Within this group, 96.2% showed an oral etiology and 3.8% showed an extra-oral cause. Women suffered significantly more from psychogenic halitosis. Success rates of 92.6% subjectively and 94.5% objectively reflect the treatment success of the diagnostic and therapeutic concepts presented at the University of Basel halitosis clinic over a seven year period.

Our second part of the publication entitled "The image of Dentistry" discusses the properties that correspond to the ideal image of dentistry or even the ideal scientist such as the management of the dental practice, the dentist-patient relationship and the appropriate handling of the patient's emotions such as anxiety or pain. The quality of treatment and the friendly, honest and compassionate attitude of the dentist can immediately affect the image of dentistry. Therefore, the dental professional must try to keep the balance between practice profit, staffing and patient well-being in order to fulfill both social and public health responsibilities.

Short intervals between bitewing examinations favor the timely detection of lesions on approximal surfaces. Long intervals reduce the exposure to radiation. Thus, the question arises which intervals between bite-wing examinations are appropriate. The length of intervals between bitewing examinations should be adapted to the caries risk on approximal surfaces of molars and premolars. In order to estimate the caries risk in the Swiss school population, longitudinal data of 591 schoolchildren from the Canton (County) of Zurich were analyzed. These schoolchildren had been examined at 4-year intervals. The proportion of 7-year-olds with caries increment on approximal surfaces within 4 years was 7.1%, i.e., the caries risk in the population was 7.1%. In the 11-year-olds, the caries risk was 17.60%. Seven-year-olds without caries experience on selected approximal surfaces had a low caries risk of 2.2%. However, 7-year-olds with caries experience on selected approximal surfaces had a high risk of 24.2%. The same applied to 11-year-olds: those without caries experience had a low risk (7.5%), and those with caries experience had a high risk (38.5%). For the 7-year-old schoolchildren without any caries experience, an x-ray interval of 8 years is proposed. For the 7-year-old schoolchildren with caries experience, an x-ray interval of 1 year is proposed.

The aim of this study was to use the Zurich polyspecies biofilm model to compare the antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine mouth rinses available on the Swiss market. As positive and negative controls, aqueous 0.15% CHX solution and water were used, respectively. In addition, Listerine® without CHX was tested. Biofilms in batch culture were grown in 24- well polystyrene tissue culture plates on hydroxyapatite discs in 70% mixed (1:1 diluted) unstimulated saliva and 30% complex culture medium. During the 64.5-hour culturing period, the biofilms were exposed to the test solutions for 1 minute twice a day on two subsequent days. Thereafter, the biofilms were dip-washed 3 times in physiological NaCl. Following the last exposure, the incubation of biofilms was continued for another 16 h. They were then harvested at 64.5 h. The dispersed biofilms were plated on 2 agar media. After incubation, colonies (CFU) were counted. All solutions containing CHX as well as Listerine ® significantly reduced the number of microorganisms in biofilms. According to their efficacy, the mouth rinses were classified into 2 groups. The two Curasept ADS solutions, Parodentosan, and the Listerine® mouth rinse reduced the number of total CFU by 3 log10 steps. This seems sufficient for a long-lasting prophylactic application. The two PlakOut® mouth rinses and the CHX control fell into the other group, where the number of CFU was reduced by 7 log10 steps. These mouth rinses are predestined for short-term therapeutic use. However, reversible side effects must be taken into account. It has thus far not been possible to formulate CHX products with effective ADS (Anti Discoloration System) additives without reducing antimicrobial activity.

Aim: To evaluate the treatment outcome of avulsed and replanted permanent incisors.

Material and methods: 42 avulsed and replanted permanent incisors in 37 individuals were followed over a median observation period of 2.8 years (range: one year to five years). The mean age was 16.3 years at the time of replantation, with 81% of patients being younger than 20 years.

Results: The tooth survival rate after replantation was 83.3% (35/42 teeth). Periodontal healing was observed in 20 teeth. External root resorption was the most frequent complication and was found in 22 of the 42 avulsed teeth: 21 teeth had replacement resorption. Of these 21 teeth, 14 teeth were still in situ at time of recall examination, seven teeth had to be extracted during the follow-up period due to progressive replacement resorption. One tooth had surface resorption. In contrast, infection-related resorption could not be observed in this sample. With regard to periodontal healing, no differences were found between teeth with short (less than 14 days) versus prolonged duration of splinting. Higher incidence of replacement resorption correlated with the extended duration of non-physiologic extraoral storage.

Conclusion: Use of a strict endodontic treatment protocol after replantation minimized the risk of infection-related root resorption. The occurrence of replacement resorption was mainly influenced by the duration of the non-physiologic extraoral storage time and storage medium.

Introduction: Therapy of chronic orofacial pain (OFP) is often a challenge since OFP can be triggered by numerous medical conditions. Pulpitis is frequently related to acute OFP, only in rare cases pulpitis elicits chronic OFP e. g. due to a cracked tooth. Hypertrophy of masticatory muscles can also cause pain. While this pathosis is easily diagnosed, hypertrophy of masticatory muscles is challenging to treat.

Methods: The presented case demonstrates a combination of a cracked tooth and a symtomatic hypertrophy of the masseteric muscle in a 19-year old patient. The patient suffered from diffuse chronic OFP for more than four month. After diagnosis an interdisciplinary step-by-step treatment plan was realized with re-evaluation and adjustment.

Results: After physiotherapy and medicamentous pain control intramuscular injection of Botolinum toxin type-A was performed with remission of the muscle hypertrophy but only partial success regarding pain control. After root canal treatment of a cracked tooth the patient was free of symptoms.

Conclusion: The high degree of specialization in dental medicine requires a multidisciplinary approach for OFP not thoroughly responding to therapy. Stepwise diagnostics and treatments are recommended to clarify the pathology and to address multiple causes of disease.

The aim of this study was to examine whether brownish crown and root discoloration of wisdom teeth was related to treatment of acne with tetracyclines. For this purpose, 17 discolored third molars from nine patients were embedded without being decalcified, ground along the tooth axis, and examined using fluorescence microscopy. A thorough medical history served to determine the start and duration of any administration of tetracyclines. This confirmed the use of drugs against acne containing minocycline in all cases except one. The microscopic analyses of all teeth revealed intensely fluorescent bands in the dentin, which corresponded to the mineralization front at the time of tetracycline intake. More or less uniform discoloration of the entire crown was seen in association with treatment against acne prior to the completion of crown formation at the age of about 15 years. This uniform staining can be attributed to incorporation of minerals during ongoing maturation of the occlusal enamel, which is concomitant with the formation of the cervical crown regions. When acne was treated between 15 and 22 years of age, only the roots of the third molars displayed annular discolorations, which seemed to result from the incorporation of tetracyclines into dentin, while fine fluorescent incremental lines in root cementum were too thin to be apparent clinically. Three accidentally removed interradicular bony septa revealed that tetracyclines incorporated into alveolar bone remained there for about 2 years, but thereafter disappeared as a result of physiological remodelling.