Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin = Revue mensuelle suisse d'odonto-stomatologie = Rivista mensile svizzera di odontologia e stomatologia最新文献

The embryonic head development, including the formation of dental structures, is a complex and delicate process guided by specific genetic programs. Genetic changes and environmental factors can disturb the execution of these programs and result in abnormalities in orofacial and dental structures. Orofacial clefts and hypodontia/ oligodontia are examples of such abnormalities frequently seen in dental clinics. An insight into the mechanisms and genes involved in the formation of orofacial and dental structures has been gradually gained by genetic analysis of families and by the use of experimental vertebrate models such as the mouse and chick models. The development of novel clinical therapies for orofacial and dental pathological conditions depends very much on a detailed knowledge of the molecular and cellular processes that are involved in head formation.

The number of both luting agents and restorative materials available on the market has rapidly increased. This study compared various types of luting agents when used to bond different indirect, laboratory restorative materials to dentin. Cylinders were produced of six restorative materials (gold alloy, titanium, feldspathic porcelain, leucite-glass ceramic, zirconia, and an indirect resin composite). Following relevant pretreatment, the end surface of the cylinders were luted to ground, human dentin with eight different luting agents (DeTrey Zinc [zinc phosphate cement], Fuji I [conventional glass ionomer cement], Fuji Plus [resin-modified glass ionomer cement], Variolink II [conventional etch-and-rinse resin cement], Panavia F2.0 and Multilink [self-etch resin cements], RelyX Unicem Aplicap and Maxcem [self-adhesive resin cements]). After water storage at 37 °C for one week, the shear bond strength of the specimens was measured and the fracture mode was examined stereo-microscopically. Restorative material and luting agent both had a significant effect on bond strength and there was a significant interaction between the two variables. The zinc phosphate cement and the glass ionomer cements resulted in the lowest bond strengths, whereas the highest bond strengths were found with the two self-etch and one of the self-adhesive resin cements.

Approximately 5% of all malignant lesions are diagnosed as malignant lymphomas, of which 2-3% are localized in the head and neck region. After the squamous cell carcinoma and neoplasms of the salivary glands, malignant lymphomas represent the third most frequent malignant lesion in that region. Malignant lymphomas can be grouped into Hodgkin- and non- Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and subdivided into nodal (lymph nodes) and extranodal lymphomas. We present the case of an extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the left mandible of a 47-year-old woman, who was referred to our department with an unclear swelling, which was supposed to be infectious. After clinical and radiological examination, a biopsy was taken and a CD20 and BCL-6 protein positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the large B-cell type (DLBCL) was diagnosed. The patient was treated primarily with immunochemotherapy (R-CHOP protocol) and refused to undergo a subsequent radiotherapy. The 18 months follow-up showed a complete remission of the lymphoma. In this paper, the NHL in the oral and maxillofacial region is presented as a cause of unclear swelling. Important differential diagnostic conditions are discussed.

A large number of reports indicate beneficial effects of systemic antibiotics for patients with periodontal diseases. Although these advantages are clear in general, the specific relationship of benefit and risk in various clinical situations remains a subject of debate. Uncertainties persist regarding the individual prescription and combination with other procedures. Since the early 1990s it has been pointed out that systemic antibiotics given in the context of non-surgical subgingival debridement may reduce the need for periodontal surgery. Recent studies confirm these findings especially with regard to the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. However, these antibiotics should not be viewed as a substitute for thorough debridement, or as a means to compensate for improper oral hygiene. In addition, current evidence does not provide evidence for the indiscriminate use of just any antibiotic in any periodontal patient. A treatment protocol implementing the recent evidence is shown. It is noteworthy to realize that chronic and aggressive periodontitis today can be treated successfully with simple and cost-effective means in most instances.

Summary The first part of this review examined ISO approval requirements and in vitro testing. In the second part, non-standardized test methods for composite materials are presented and discussed. Physical tests are primarily described. Analyses of surface gloss and alterations, as well as aging simulations of dental materials are presented. Again, the importance of laboratory tests in determining clinical outcomes is evaluated. Differences in the measurement protocols of the various testing institutes and how these differences can influence the results are also discussed. Because there is no standardization of test protocols, the values determined by different institutes cannot be directly compared. However, the ranking of the tested materials should be the same if a valid protocol is applied by different institutes. The modulus of elasticity, the expansion after water sorption, and the polishability of the material are all clinically relevant, whereas factors measured by other test protocols may have no clinical correlation. The handling properties of the materials are highly dependent on operators' preferences. Therefore, no standard values can be given.

Results of immediately loaded implants are presented. 34 patients with 136 interforaminal MonoType implants (Straumann,Basel, Switzerland) were included in the study. The bar retention was manufactured fter the operation, inserted and covered with a hybrid prosthesis. 28 patients showed up for the follow-up study, the average time range was three years. Five implants were rated as failures, the cumulative six-year success rate being 94%. Interforaminal immediately loaded MonoType implants in edentulous patients showed very good results, comparable to similar studies with different systems.

The restoration of anterior teeth even for the experienced practitioner remains a challenge. Although there are different full-ceramic materials available on the market, the reproduction of optical properties in natural teeth is not easy at all. In this article, the author presents a simplified classification of teeth to be restored, in relation to the optical properties of actual ceramic systems, which helps to make the natural reproduction more predictable. For the dentist it's important to know about the optical properties of the teeth to be restored and the ceramic material used. Without this, the clinical success of restorations in the anterior segment of may not be predictable at all. For implant retained-and bridge-work there are additional parameters that need to be taken into consideration which are not addressed in this article. Ceramic materials with a high light transmission allow, in combination with adhesive bonding, the fabrication of esthetic restorations. High strength ceramics block the light more and therefore are not indicated for this type of reconstruction. They may be used to mask discolored substructures. The communication between dentist and lab technician plays an important role to be clinically successful.

The aim of the investigation was to collect information from specialized hospitals regarding dental care before and after organ transplantation or replacement of prosthetic joints. 50 transplantation centres and 100 orthopaedic hospitals in Germany were chosen. A questionnaire was used to elucidate the following aspects: Is a dental examination carried out preoperatively? When the patient is discharged, is he or she recommended to have antibiotic prophylaxis before dental treatment? If so, which antibiotic is recommended? The response rate was 56% (n = 28) for transplantation centres. 89% arranged a dental examination before the transplantation. 83% of those questioned recommend antibiotic prophylaxis before dental treatment: Amoxicillin was mentioned most frequently (36%). The response rate of the orthopaedic hospitals was 31% (n = 31). 3% of those questioned arranged a dental examination before insertion of an endoprothesis. 55% recommend antibiotic prophylaxis when dental treatment is to be carried out following the insertion of the endoprosthesis. Cephalosporine was most frequently mentioned (33%). It was not possible to identify a uniform recommendation regarding dental care before and after organ transplantation or replacement of prosthetic joints either for patients with an organ transplant or those having a prosthetic joint.