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Autopsy Brain Removal Training Using Virtual Reality Simulation 利用虚拟现实模拟进行尸检脑切除训练
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i2.10225
I. Choi
Hospital autopsy is the only method of confirming diagnoses for neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's and Lewy body disease, despite advanced diagnostic technologies. However, the number of hospital autopsies has steadily declined, due to changes in hospital accreditation requirements, lack of reimbursement, and other factors. Consequently, it is challenging to train autopsy assistants, pathology residents and neuropathology fellows to become competent in evisceration and dissection techniques, as there are few opportunities to observe and perform hospital autopsies. The procedure for autopsy brain removal is particularly challenging because: (i) incorrect cutting planes and depth of cut during opening of the cranium can lead to inadequate exposure of, or damage to, brain tissue, and (ii) there may be initial hesitation to perform the procedure due to proximity to the face. These challenges are compounded because current teaching resources are limited to drawings (which lack key spatial and volumetric cues) and photographs (which provide only a single view, and may have superfluous information); no physical practice of the procedure is involved. To address this deficit, a virtual reality (VR) simulation application was developed to teach proper methodology in performing steps of the autopsy brain removal, and as a proof-of-concept for a complete hospital autopsy VR simulation. The simulation provides an immersive VR interactive experience within an Oculus Rift platform. It uses realistic virtual patient models created from surface 3D scans of a real person, data-driven 3D models of anatomy, sound effects, and haptic responses within a VR autopsy suite. The simulation also features real-time visual feedback and evaluation of user performance, to assist improvement of skills and knowledge during the step of opening the cranium with an oscillating saw. This thesis documents the process of developing the VR simulation, in particular the creation and use of i) 3D models of patient, cranium and brain, ii) interactions between instruments and patient in VR, iii) in-game feedback: visual, sound and haptic, and iv) user interface (UI) interaction in VR.
尽管有先进的诊断技术,但医院尸检是确认阿尔茨海默氏症和路易体病等神经退行性疾病诊断的唯一方法。然而,由于医院认证要求的变化、缺乏报销和其他因素,医院尸检的数量稳步下降。因此,培训尸检助理、病理学住院医师和神经病理学研究员成为称职的内脏和解剖技术是具有挑战性的,因为很少有机会观察和执行医院尸检。解剖脑切除的程序尤其具有挑战性,因为:(i)在打开颅骨时不正确的切割平面和切割深度可能导致脑组织暴露不足或损伤;(ii)由于靠近面部,最初可能会犹豫是否执行该程序。这些挑战是复杂的,因为目前的教学资源仅限于图纸(缺乏关键的空间和体积线索)和照片(只提供单一视图,可能有多余的信息);该程序不涉及物理实践。为了解决这一缺陷,我们开发了一个虚拟现实(VR)模拟应用程序,以教授尸检大脑移除步骤的正确方法,并作为完整的医院尸检VR模拟的概念验证。该模拟在Oculus Rift平台上提供了身临其境的VR交互体验。它使用现实的虚拟病人模型,这些模型是由真人的表面3D扫描、数据驱动的3D解剖模型、声音效果和VR尸检套件中的触觉反应创建的。该仿真还具有实时视觉反馈和用户性能评估,以帮助在用振荡锯打开颅骨的步骤中提高技能和知识。本文记录了开发VR模拟的过程,特别是i)患者,头盖骨和大脑的3D模型的创建和使用,ii) VR中仪器与患者之间的交互,iii)游戏内反馈:视觉,声音和触觉,以及iv) VR中的用户界面(UI)交互。
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引用次数: 1
Publisher's Comment. 出版商的评论。
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i2.10169
Gary W Schnitz

Welcome to the Journal of Biocommunication issue 43-2. The issue represents our second issue of 2019 and our seventh issue designed for our new mixed publishing format that offers our authors traditional publishing as well as open access options. Our Journal is dedicated to the dissemination of high-quality research, and we accept manuscripts, which are of interest to the broader bioscience community. We welcome authors reporting on their high-impact discoveries, cutting-edge research, and new imaging methodologies. Our professional organizations and the Journal are critical for generating open access content of scholarly, intellectual, and creative merit.

欢迎来到《生物通讯杂志》第43-2期。这是我们2019年的第二期,也是我们为新的混合出版格式设计的第七期,为我们的作者提供传统出版和开放获取选项。我们的期刊致力于传播高质量的研究,我们接受手稿,这是更广泛的生物科学界感兴趣的。我们欢迎作者报告他们的高影响力的发现,前沿研究和新的成像方法。我们的专业组织和《华尔街日报》对于产生具有学术、智力和创造性价值的开放获取内容至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Professional Clinical Photography to Assist Patients with Pectus Carinatum. 专业临床摄影辅助胸肌患者。
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i2.10230
John A Yeats

A photographic clinical role has been realized in our institution in the care of patients with Pectus Carinatum. A series of clinical photographs along with 3D imaging are now presented by our photographers to each patient in clinic to demonstrate changes over time in the size and shape of their chest wall defects associated with this condition. This interaction has increased patient compliance for treatment and subsequently reinforces the relevance and importance of clinical photographers in patient care.

摄影的临床作用已经实现了在我们的机构在护理患者胸椎畸形。现在,我们的摄影师向每位临床患者展示了一系列临床照片和3D成像,以展示与这种情况相关的胸壁缺陷的大小和形状随时间的变化。这种互动增加了患者对治疗的依从性,并随后加强了临床摄影师在患者护理中的相关性和重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Publisher's Comment. 出版商的评论。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i1.9958
Gary W Schnitz
This Publisher's Comment provides an overview of the content for issue 43-1 of the Journal of Biocommunication. This publication represents our first issue of 2019, and it is our sixth issue designed for our new mixed publishing format.Journal Management Board for the JBC
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引用次数: 0
JBC Gallery: 2018 AMI Salon. JBC画廊:2018 AMI沙龙。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01

The Gallery for this issue of the JBC features the extraordinary imagery from the Association of Medical Illustrators' 2018 annual meeting Salon. The illustration, animation, and interactive media featured in the JBC Gallery were exhibited at the AMI annual meeting held in Newton, Massachusetts.

本期JBC的画廊展示了来自医学插画家协会2018年年会沙龙的非凡图像。JBC画廊的插图、动画和互动媒体在马萨诸塞州牛顿市举行的AMI年会上展出。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a Virtual Lab to Teach Essential Biology Laboratory Techniques. 开发一个虚拟实验室来教授基本的生物学实验室技术。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i1.9959
Mao Miyamoto, Deborah M Milkowski, Christine D Young, Leah A Lebowicz

Laboratory classes have consistently played a crucial role in science education for many years. Common to all labs is the need to understand essential lab techniques. Students often lack this foundational understanding, and this can lead to poor performance or confidence (Gallagher et al. 2008) Virtual labs have been found to be effective in promoting active learning and increasing performance (Lewis 2014 ). In this project, a virtual lab for preparing a phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) was created to educate undergraduate biology students on essential laboratory techniques. The virtual lab included animations and interactive elements to visually communicate each step Content experts provided input on the accuracy of the scientific content throughout development. Focus group testing with biology teaching assistants (TAs) at the University of Illinois at Chicago was conducted to assess the potential effectiveness of the virtual lab.

多年来,实验课一直在科学教育中发挥着至关重要的作用。所有实验室的共同点是需要了解基本的实验室技术。学生往往缺乏这种基本的理解,这可能导致表现不佳或信心不足(Gallagher et al. 2008)。研究发现,虚拟实验室在促进主动学习和提高成绩方面是有效的(Lewis 2014)。在这个项目中,创建了一个虚拟实验室,用于制备磷酸盐缓冲盐水溶液(PBS),以教育生物学本科生基本的实验室技术。虚拟实验室包括动画和交互元素,以可视化地传达每个步骤。内容专家在整个开发过程中提供有关科学内容准确性的输入。伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校的生物助教(TAs)进行了焦点小组测试,以评估虚拟实验室的潜在有效性。
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引用次数: 8
2018 AMI Lifetime Achievement Award. 2018年AMI终身成就奖。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01

This JBC Showcase features the award winning medical illustration of William Andrews. Bill was the 2018 recipient of the Association of Medical Illustrators' Lifetime Achievement Award. His award was presented at the Awards Ceremony during the AMI's annual meeting held in Newton, Massachusetts.

这个JBC展示的特色是获奖的医学插图威廉·安德鲁斯。比尔是2018年医学插画家协会终身成就奖的获得者。他的奖项是在马萨诸塞州牛顿市举行的AMI年会上的颁奖典礼上颁发的。
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引用次数: 0
25 Years Ago in the JBPA/JBP. 25年前在JBPA/JBP。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i1.9957
Thomas St John Merrill
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引用次数: 0
Usability Guidelines for an Online Image Database. 在线图像数据库的可用性指南。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i1.7874
Ruth Chang, Donald F Bliss, Anne R Altemus

There are currently no existing guidelines for optimizing user experience in online image databases. Here we use established usability design principles to develop a set of 50 recommendations for improving database organization, navigability, and search functionality. We conduct a resource audit of commercial and non-profit image galleries and evaluate them upon our criteria. Our findings are summarized within a basic wireframe to be used as reference for prospective image databases in the future.

目前还没有关于优化在线图像数据库用户体验的指导方针。在这里,我们使用已建立的可用性设计原则来开发一组50条建议,用于改进数据库组织、可导航性和搜索功能。我们对商业和非营利图像库进行资源审计,并根据我们的标准对其进行评估。我们的研究结果总结在一个基本的线框中,作为未来前瞻性图像数据库的参考。
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引用次数: 1
Medical Photography: Practices of Graduate Students at Makerere University. 医学摄影:马凯雷雷大学研究生的实践。
Pub Date : 2019-05-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5210/jbc.v43i1.9484
Apollo Peter Bamusonighe, Gerald Tumusiime, Paul Lukiza, Joseph Ochieng

Medical photography is a specialized genre of photography concerned with taking photographs beneficial to medical practice. This study aimed at delineating trends in medical photography practices among graduate students at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda. Data suggest most graduate students first encounter medical photographs in their classes (68.1%), although some had taken their own medical photographs (13.5%), primarily using their mobile phone (81.6%). However, the majority of the photographs (66%) were taken by their colleagues.

医学摄影是一种专门拍摄有利于医疗实践的照片的摄影流派。本研究旨在描述乌干达坎帕拉Makerere大学研究生医学摄影实践的趋势。数据显示,大多数研究生第一次接触医学照片是在课堂上(68.1%),尽管有些人曾自己拍摄过医学照片(13.5%),主要是用手机拍摄的(81.6%)。然而,大多数照片(66%)是由他们的同事拍摄的。
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The Journal of biocommunication
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