Changing food retail environment in Southeast Asia has been linked with nutrition transition. While policy on food retail tends to focus on economic considerations, little is known about how nutrition considerations are integrated. This paper examines the landscape of policies addressing food retail and health in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand to inform global nutrition targets. Food retail policy landscapes in the study countries were thematically analyzed using Walt & Gilson's Policy Analysis Triangle framework. The analysis revealed that food retail policies were predominantly shaped by health, economic development, and politics, with nutrition maintaining low salience and being subsumed within food safety considerations. The study countries represented a complex food policy landscape requiring inter-sectoral collaboration and multi-level governance, yet formal monitoring mechanisms and evidence remained limited. This study recommends developing a comprehensive regional-level roadmap to support healthy food retail initiatives. By aligning nutrition priorities with existing economic and health governance systems, countries can better implement nutrition-sensitive retail policies.
{"title":"A comparative analysis of food retail policy landscape in four Southeast Asian countries","authors":"Sirinya Phulkerd , Weerapak Samsiripong , Elaine Q. Borazon , Wai Siew Teh , Adila Fahmida Saptari , Mohd Jamil Sameeha , Azka Aulia Fitri , Suci Trisnasari , Penny Farrell , Anne-Marie Thow , Bee Koon Poh","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changing food retail environment in Southeast Asia has been linked with nutrition transition. While policy on food retail tends to focus on economic considerations, little is known about how nutrition considerations are integrated. This paper examines the landscape of policies addressing food retail and health in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand to inform global nutrition targets. Food retail policy landscapes in the study countries were thematically analyzed using Walt & Gilson's Policy Analysis Triangle framework. The analysis revealed that food retail policies were predominantly shaped by health, economic development, and politics, with nutrition maintaining low salience and being subsumed within food safety considerations. The study countries represented a complex food policy landscape requiring inter-sectoral collaboration and multi-level governance, yet formal monitoring mechanisms and evidence remained limited. This study recommends developing a comprehensive regional-level roadmap to support healthy food retail initiatives. By aligning nutrition priorities with existing economic and health governance systems, countries can better implement nutrition-sensitive retail policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145529088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100690
Adrian P. Mundt , S.M. Yasir Arafat , Chencho Dorji , Avinash Desousa , Rakesh K. Chadda , Guru S. Gowda , Cristian Orus , Muralidharan Kesavan , Athifa Ibrahim , Nagendra P. Luitel , Harischandra Gambheera , Phunnapa Kittirattanapaiboon , Stefan Priebe , Enzo Rozas-Serri
Background
This study aimed to assess indicators of psychiatric institutionalization and their changes over time across the Southeast Asia Region (SEAR).
Methods
We collected numbers of psychiatric beds, specialized forensic psychiatric beds, beds in residential facilities for people living with chronic mental illness and prison populations in the 11 SEAR member states between 1990 and 2024 using primary and secondary data sources. We calculated median rates per 100,000 population, as well as percent changes of the median rates between the first and last available data points. We also compared findings in SEAR with OECD countries.
Findings
Psychiatric bed numbers and prison population were available from 10 countries. Bed prevalence increased in seven countries, but decreased in three. The median psychiatric bed prevalence was 1.5 at the first and 2.9 per 100,000 population at the last data point (+94%). The prison population increased in nine countries, with the median rate changing from 60 to 123 (+106%). Data on specialized forensic psychiatric beds were available from seven countries, with a range of 0.0–0.5 beds at the last data point. Based on data from five countries, the median prevalence of beds in residential facilities increased from 1.3 to 2.3. Psychiatric bed prevalence was on average about 5% of that in the OECD, while prison population rates were similar to those in OECD countries.
Interpretation
Psychiatric bed provision in the SEAR is among the lowest worldwide. In contrast, incarceration rates are similar to those in high-income regions. Most countries have increased the prevalence of psychiatric beds over the past three decades, but they remain scarce, and further investments need consideration.
Funding
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile.
{"title":"Indicators of psychiatric institutionalization in Southeast Asia between 1990 and 2024","authors":"Adrian P. Mundt , S.M. Yasir Arafat , Chencho Dorji , Avinash Desousa , Rakesh K. Chadda , Guru S. Gowda , Cristian Orus , Muralidharan Kesavan , Athifa Ibrahim , Nagendra P. Luitel , Harischandra Gambheera , Phunnapa Kittirattanapaiboon , Stefan Priebe , Enzo Rozas-Serri","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to assess indicators of psychiatric institutionalization and their changes over time across the Southeast Asia Region (SEAR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected numbers of psychiatric beds, specialized forensic psychiatric beds, beds in residential facilities for people living with chronic mental illness and prison populations in the 11 SEAR member states between 1990 and 2024 using primary and secondary data sources. We calculated median rates per 100,000 population, as well as percent changes of the median rates between the first and last available data points. We also compared findings in SEAR with OECD countries.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Psychiatric bed numbers and prison population were available from 10 countries. Bed prevalence increased in seven countries, but decreased in three. The median psychiatric bed prevalence was 1.5 at the first and 2.9 per 100,000 population at the last data point (+94%). The prison population increased in nine countries, with the median rate changing from 60 to 123 (+106%). Data on specialized forensic psychiatric beds were available from seven countries, with a range of 0.0–0.5 beds at the last data point. Based on data from five countries, the median prevalence of beds in residential facilities increased from 1.3 to 2.3. Psychiatric bed prevalence was on average about 5% of that in the OECD, while prison population rates were similar to those in OECD countries.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Psychiatric bed provision in the SEAR is among the lowest worldwide. In contrast, incarceration rates are similar to those in high-income regions. Most countries have increased the prevalence of psychiatric beds over the past three decades, but they remain scarce, and further investments need consideration.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div><span>Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo</span> (ANID), Chile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100690"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100687
Surender Grover, Jadeer K. Muhammed, Atul Ambekar, Priyanka Saha
{"title":"Should pregabalin be regulated under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act of India?","authors":"Surender Grover, Jadeer K. Muhammed, Atul Ambekar, Priyanka Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100687","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100687"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Outcome of newly diagnosed, transplant eligible, multiple myeloma (MM) patients have improved significantly during the past two decades. A small proportion of patients are long term survivors beyond 10 years. We evaluated clinical and laboratory characteristics of these long term survivors.
Methods
Four hundred and thirty eight consecutive MM patients underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) between 1995 and 2019. Patients median age was 52 years, (range, 20–73) and 291 (66.4%) were males. 35.3% had ISS stage III disease. 96 (21.9%) patients were long term survivors (LTS), defined as those alive 120 months or more.
Findings
Compared to others, LTS patients more frequently had ISS stage I (42% vs 28.5%, p < 0.001), serum albumin ≥3.5 g/dl (72% vs 57%, p < 0.005), platelet count ≥150,000/μL (88% vs 71%, p < 0.001), eGFR ≥40 ml/min (85.4% vs 75%, p < 0.01), and bone marrow plasma cells ≤40% (60% vs 49%, p < 0.03). Transplant within 12 months of diagnosis (73% vs 51.5%, p < 0.001) and in first remission (89.6% vs 71.3%, p < 0.001) were more common in LTS. Post-ASCT response was superior: CR (80% vs 65.5%, p < 0.004), CR + VGPR (94.8% vs 82.5%, p < 0.001). At median follow-up of 115 months, median overall survival was 264 months and progression-free survival 158 months.
Interpretation
This study identifies a distinct subgroup of MM patients with long-term survival, characterized by favourable baseline features, early and effective treatment, and deep post-transplant responses, with a median progression-free survival exceeding 13 years.
Funding
No funding was received for present study.
背景：在过去的二十年中，新诊断的、符合移植条件的多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的预后有了显著改善。一小部分患者是10年以上的长期幸存者。我们评估了这些长期幸存者的临床和实验室特征。方法1995 - 2019年，连续438例MM患者行自体干细胞移植（ASCT）。患者中位年龄52岁（20 ~ 73岁），男性291例（66.4%）。35.3%为ISS III期。96例（21.9%）患者为长期幸存者（LTS），定义为存活120个月或更长时间的患者。结果：与其他患者相比，LTS患者更多出现ISS I期（42% vs 28.5%, p < 0.001）、血清白蛋白≥3.5 g/dl （72% vs 57%, p < 0.005）、血小板计数≥150000 /μL （88% vs 71%, p < 0.001）、eGFR≥40ml /min （85.4% vs 75%, p < 0.01）、骨髓浆细胞≤40% （60% vs 49%, p < 0.03）。诊断后12个月内移植（73% vs 51.5%, p < 0.001）和首次缓解（89.6% vs 71.3%, p < 0.001）在LTS中更为常见。asct后的反应更好：CR (80% vs 65.5%, p < 0.004), CR + VGPR （94.8% vs 82.5%, p < 0.001）。中位随访115个月，中位总生存期为264个月，无进展生存期为158个月。本研究确定了一个长期生存的MM患者亚组，其特点是良好的基线特征，早期有效的治疗，移植后深度反应，中位无进展生存期超过13年。本研究未获资助。
{"title":"Characteristics of long term survivors of multiple myeloma after autologous stem cell transplantation: a retrospective analysis from a tertiary care centre in India","authors":"Lalit Kumar , Rajegowda Chethan , Prabhat Singh Malik , Raja Pramanik , Ranjit Sahoo , Ahitagni Biswas , Omdutt Sharma , Ritu Gupta , Atul Sharma , Saumya Ranjan Mallick , AIIMS Myeloma Group","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Outcome of newly diagnosed, transplant eligible, multiple myeloma (MM) patients have improved significantly during the past two decades. A small proportion of patients are long term survivors beyond 10 years. We evaluated clinical and laboratory characteristics of these long term survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four hundred and thirty eight consecutive MM patients underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) between 1995 and 2019. Patients median age was 52 years, (range, 20–73) and 291 (66.4%) were males. 35.3% had ISS stage III disease. 96 (21.9%) patients were long term survivors (LTS), defined as those alive 120 months or more.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Compared to others, LTS patients more frequently had ISS stage I (42% vs 28.5%, p < 0.001), serum albumin ≥3.5 g/dl (72% vs 57%, p < 0.005), platelet count ≥150,000/μL (88% vs 71%, p < 0.001), eGFR ≥40 ml/min (85.4% vs 75%, p < 0.01), and bone marrow plasma cells ≤40% (60% vs 49%, p < 0.03). Transplant within 12 months of diagnosis (73% vs 51.5%, p < 0.001) and in first remission (89.6% vs 71.3%, p < 0.001) were more common in LTS. Post-ASCT response was superior: CR (80% vs 65.5%, p < 0.004), CR + VGPR (94.8% vs 82.5%, p < 0.001). At median follow-up of 115 months, median overall survival was 264 months and progression-free survival 158 months.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>This study identifies a distinct subgroup of MM patients with long-term survival, characterized by favourable baseline features, early and effective treatment, and deep post-transplant responses, with a median progression-free survival exceeding 13 years.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>No funding was received for present study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100689
Bayu Satria Wiratama , Vicka Oktaria , Khoriah Indrihutami , Muhammad Hardhantyo , Ahmad Watsiq Maula , Hanevi Djasri , Rizka Dinari , Muhammad Syairaji , Suwarti , Ariel Pradipta , Dwi Utomo Nusantara , Ardiana Kusumaningrum , Andrew , Marillyn Mariana Tamburian , Ilma Safira Baehaqi , Rebecca Merrill , Henry Surendra , Fetty Wijayanti , Benjamin A. Dahl , Raph L. Hamers
Background
SARS-CoV-2 ancestral-strain vaccines have effectively reduced SARS-CoV-2-related severe illness and death worldwide. However, waning immunity over time has warranted revaccination to boost immunity. Indonesia, like most low- and middle-income countries, has not provided regular vaccine boosters post-pandemic. This study assessed the longer-term durability of protection from ancestral-strain third- and fourth-dose boosters.
Methods
We conducted a test-negative case–control study among symptomatic adults seeking SARS-CoV-2 testing at 14 purposely selected test sites in the major cities of Yogyakarta and Jakarta (March 2023–May 2024). Test-positive individuals were cases and test-negative individuals were controls. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified using whole genome sequencing. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate absolute or incremental vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation or death, adjusted for main confounders.
Findings
Of 2439 participants (median age 35 years, 56.2% female), 388 were cases and 2051 controls. Vaccination with two primary doses, a third-dose or fourth-dose booster did not provide sustained protection against Omicron XBB/JN.1 symptomatic infection up to median 27, 20 or 13 months since administration, respectively. However, there was sustained incremental protection from the third-dose booster (administered median 20 month prior) against hospitalisation (VE 38.3% [95% CI 3.9–60.3]) and death (55.2% [17.7–75.6]) for older individuals (aged >50 years), and against death (55.2% [12.8–76.9]) for individuals with one or more comorbidities. There was also sustained incremental protection from the fourth-dose booster (administered median 13 months prior) against hospitalisation for older individuals (50.2% [10.3–72.3]) and individuals with one or more comorbidities (74.4% [49.2–87.1]).
Interpretation
Ancestral-strain vaccine boosters provided durable, moderate protection against severe or fatal outcomes from Omicron XBB/JN.1 infection for older and comorbid individuals. The findings highlight the benefits of improving access to revaccination for vulnerable groups in Indonesia.
{"title":"Durability of protection of ancestral-strain COVID-19 third- and fourth-dose vaccine boosters against Omicron XBB/XBB.1 and JN.1 symptomatic infection, hospitalisation and mortality in Indonesian adults (2023–2024): a test-negative case–control study","authors":"Bayu Satria Wiratama , Vicka Oktaria , Khoriah Indrihutami , Muhammad Hardhantyo , Ahmad Watsiq Maula , Hanevi Djasri , Rizka Dinari , Muhammad Syairaji , Suwarti , Ariel Pradipta , Dwi Utomo Nusantara , Ardiana Kusumaningrum , Andrew , Marillyn Mariana Tamburian , Ilma Safira Baehaqi , Rebecca Merrill , Henry Surendra , Fetty Wijayanti , Benjamin A. Dahl , Raph L. Hamers","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 ancestral-strain vaccines have effectively reduced SARS-CoV-2-related severe illness and death worldwide. However, waning immunity over time has warranted revaccination to boost immunity. Indonesia, like most low- and middle-income countries, has not provided regular vaccine boosters post-pandemic. This study assessed the longer-term durability of protection from ancestral-strain third- and fourth-dose boosters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a test-negative case–control study among symptomatic adults seeking SARS-CoV-2 testing at 14 purposely selected test sites in the major cities of Yogyakarta and Jakarta (March 2023–May 2024). Test-positive individuals were cases and test-negative individuals were controls. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified using whole genome sequencing. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate absolute or incremental vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation or death, adjusted for main confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Of 2439 participants (median age 35 years, 56.2% female), 388 were cases and 2051 controls. Vaccination with two primary doses, a third-dose or fourth-dose booster did not provide sustained protection against Omicron XBB/JN.1 symptomatic infection up to median 27, 20 or 13 months since administration, respectively. However, there was sustained incremental protection from the third-dose booster (administered median 20 month prior) against hospitalisation (VE 38.3% [95% CI 3.9–60.3]) and death (55.2% [17.7–75.6]) for older individuals (aged >50 years), and against death (55.2% [12.8–76.9]) for individuals with one or more comorbidities. There was also sustained incremental protection from the fourth-dose booster (administered median 13 months prior) against hospitalisation for older individuals (50.2% [10.3–72.3]) and individuals with one or more comorbidities (74.4% [49.2–87.1]).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Ancestral-strain vaccine boosters provided durable, moderate protection against severe or fatal outcomes from Omicron XBB/JN.1 infection for older and comorbid individuals. The findings highlight the benefits of improving access to revaccination for vulnerable groups in Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>US <span>Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100689"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号