The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia最新文献

{"title":"Barriers, facilitators and recommendations for the implementation of newborn sickle cell screening program in tribal communities: findings from a qualitative multicentric study in India","authors":"Nithin Rajamani ,&nbsp;Apoorva Pandey ,&nbsp;Suchitra Surve ,&nbsp;Shrey Desai ,&nbsp;Ragini Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Ravi Gajbhiye ,&nbsp;Rajasubramaniam Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Kapilkumar Dave ,&nbsp;Anna Salomi Kerketta ,&nbsp;Suman Sundar Mohanty ,&nbsp;Mahendra Thakor ,&nbsp;Kalpita Gawit ,&nbsp;Lakshmana Bharathi ,&nbsp;M. Alwas ,&nbsp;Anita Nadkarni ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Kedar ,&nbsp;Yogeshwar Kalkonde ,&nbsp;Saritha Nair ,&nbsp;Harpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Manisha Madkaikar","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Newborn screening for sickle cell disease (NBS for SCD) is essential for timely detection and management. In 2019, a study encompassing early screening, follow-up, and comprehensive care for SCD babies was undertaken in seven SCD-prevalent tribal regions of India. The study also aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators affecting its implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative exploratory descriptive approach was used to conduct in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants (n = 127) including parents of newborns with SCD. The data were compiled and analysed using NVivo14. Predominant themes were identified through frequency analysis and the number of references, and they were further classified using the Multilevel Ecological Model of Health (MEMH).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Twenty-five themes emerged, of which thirteen highlighted barriers, the predominant ones being stigma &amp; local beliefs, lack of integration of NBS with the health system, accessibility challenges and difficulties with blood sample collection &amp; testing. Seven themes addressed facilitators such as the inclusion of frontline health workers, skilled human resources and regular follow-ups. Five themes emerged for recommendations including integrating NBS for SCD into the health system, behaviour change communication and enhanced stakeholder collaboration.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The study identified barriers and facilitators across multiple levels, advocating the need for a holistic approach. The findings suggest that a comprehensive SCD management program must address socio-cultural dimensions and effectively integrate with the health system, providing valuable insights for shaping policies for NBS in SCD-prevalent areas.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>The study was funded by the <span>Indian Council of Medical Research</span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hotspot districts of persistent Plasmodium vivax malaria pose a formidable challenge to malaria elimination in India","authors":"Amala Ramasamy ,&nbsp;Kannan Thiruvengadam ,&nbsp;Anju Viswan K ,&nbsp;Rohit Sharma ,&nbsp;Shriram Ananganallur Nagarajan ,&nbsp;Chander Prakash Yadav ,&nbsp;Amit Sharma ,&nbsp;Manju Rahi","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in India: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader ,&nbsp;Neetu Vijay ,&nbsp;Varsha Potdar ,&nbsp;Joshua Chadwick ,&nbsp;Jitendra Narayan ,&nbsp;Sabarinathan Ramasamy ,&nbsp;Devika Shanmugasundaram ,&nbsp;Selvavinayagam Thirumalaicheri Sivaprakasam ,&nbsp;Manoj Murhekar ,&nbsp;Nivedita Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100667","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India, established the Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Network (VRDLN) in 2014 to strengthen viral diagnostic capabilities and provide a system for routine virological surveillance. In 2022, we also initiated the Model for Integrated Influenza Surveillance in Tamil Nadu (MIST) to enhance surveillance of virologic and clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) cases in selected sentinel tertiary care hospitals. This study investigates the epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in India by analysing data from these distinct but related surveillance systems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We analysed VRDLN data from 2019 to 2024 to describe HMPV cases based on time, place, and personal characteristics. We presented a comparison of two periods—2019 to 2023 and 2024—to compare historical trends with the current scenario. We also examined detailed clinical and laboratory profiles of HMPV-positive SARI cases collected under the MIST project from 2022 to 2024 (a case series). Hospitals under the VRDLN conducted testing of any physician-referred patient, while MIST exclusively tested SARI patients who met a standardised case definition. While the VRDLN provided an overall picture of the testing and positivity trends, MIST provided details on laboratory parameters, and clinical course and outcomes of positive cases. All laboratories adhered to standardised quality-assured testing protocols and reported data to a centralized database.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Between 2019 and 2023, the VRDLN tested 20,625 patients for HMPV, of whom 1030 (3.2%) were positive. In 2024, 11,155 patients were tested, with 367 (3.3%) confirmed positive. Across both periods, age-stratified analysis indicated that the majority of tests were conducted among children. The highest positivity was observed in those aged 1–2 years, with 4.5% (128/2864) testing positive in 2019–2023 and 4.6% (70/1508) in 2024. Most HMPV-positive cases presented with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)/Influenza-like illness (ILI), accounting for 85.4% [566/17,090] of cases in 2019–2023 and 40.3% [148/1697] in 2024, as most testing was carried out among these patients. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms, reported in 70.3% of cases from 2019 to 2023 and 79.6% (292/8398) in 2024, and in 60.5% (401/12,059) and 60.8% (223/5977) of cases, respectively. Under the MIST project, we tested 3599 SARI patients between 2022 and 2023, identifying 28 (0.8%) HMPV-positive cases. Patients experienced a median illness duration of 11 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 7.5–14.5) and stayed in the hospital for a median of 7 days (IQR: 5–9.5). Eight cases required intensive care for a median of 3.5 days (IQR: 2.5–6), while 12 cases needed oxygen support for a median of three days (IQR: 3–5.5). Among the 28 cases, 25 (89.3) showed clinical improvement at disc","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence patterns of rare cancer in southeast Asian and western Pacific countries (RARECAREnet Asia project): a study using population-based cancer registry data, 2011–2015","authors":"Patumrat Sripan ,&nbsp;Siti Norbayah Yusof ,&nbsp;Donsuk Pongnikorn ,&nbsp;Imjai Chitapanarux ,&nbsp;Balqis Bahtiar ,&nbsp;Nor Saleha Ibrahim Tamin ,&nbsp;Karnchana Daoprasert ,&nbsp;Narate Waisri ,&nbsp;Young-Joo Won ,&nbsp;RuRu Chun-Ju Chiang ,&nbsp;Annalisa Trama ,&nbsp;Hadrien Charvat ,&nbsp;Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Matsuda","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Southeast Asia (SEA), the understanding of most rare cancers is limited, which sometimes leads to delays in diagnosis, treatment, and care. This study aimed to estimate for the first time the incidence of rare cancers in SEA using population-based cancer registry (PBCR) data from the 2011–2015 period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used data from the nationwide PBCR of Malaysia and two PBCRs in northern Thailand in Chiang Mai and Lampang Cancer registries. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) per 100,000 person-year of the rare cancers included in the RARECAREnet list was calculated. All analyses were performed using SEER∗Stat (version 8.3.5). Cancers defined as rare by RARECAREnet in Europe were also rare in Thailand and Malaysia.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The ASR of some rare cancers in Thailand and Malaysia were greater than that in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, including some pediatric cancers (pancreatoblastoma and odontogenic malignant tumors) in Malaysia, eye and adnexal cancer, and epithelial tumors of the penis in Thailand. ASR of nasopharyngeal cancer was higher in Thailand and Malaysia than in Japan and Korea but lower compared to Taiwan.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Although most rare cancers were also rare in Thailand and Malaysia, some cancers were not considered rare. However, the incidence of some rare cancers in Thailand and Malaysia were higher than that in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. To enhance understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and care of rare cancers, reliable epidemiological data needs to be generated under the RARECAREnet Asia project by working with countries in Asia with high-quality PBCRs.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>This study was supported by a <span>UICC Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial International Cancer</span> Study Grant (Award/Grant Number: <span><span>YY/2022-1477</span></span>) and <span>Government of Japan Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare</span> Grant numbers: <span><span>23EA1033</span></span>, and was partially supported by <span>Chiang Mai University</span>, Thailand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100670"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza surveillance and vaccine policy in Thailand—a historical perspective","authors":"Martha P. Montgomery ,&nbsp;Prabda Praphasiri ,&nbsp;Darunee Ditsungnoen ,&nbsp;Pasakorn Akarasewi ,&nbsp;Malinee Chittaganpitch ,&nbsp;Pilaipan Puthavathana ,&nbsp;Khanchit Limpakarnjanarat ,&nbsp;Ponthip Wirachwong ,&nbsp;Tawee Chotpitayasunondh ,&nbsp;Narumol Sawanpanyalert ,&nbsp;Chaninan Sonthichai ,&nbsp;William W. Davis ,&nbsp;Sonja J. Olsen ,&nbsp;Supamit Chunsuttiwat","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior to 2000, influenza burden in Thailand and other low- and middle-income countries was underappreciated, and influenza vaccination was uncommon. For the last two decades, Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have collaborated to understand influenza burden and the costs and benefits of influenza vaccination in Thailand. Built on a long-standing national disease notification system, Thailand MOPH established robust surveillance platforms for pneumonia and influenza, which provided insights into seasonality, disease incidence, and populations at risk for severe disease. In 2004, human cases of avian influenza brought attention to influenza's pandemic potential. Concern for an influenza pandemic combined with evidence of the cost effectiveness of influenza vaccination accelerated vaccine policy. Surveillance and vaccination policy were leveraged for and strengthened by the 2009 influenza H1N1 and COVID-19 pandemics. This personal view documents Thailand's experience in developing influenza surveillance and influenza vaccination policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At a crossroads: HIV response in southeast Asia","authors":"The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia","doi":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75136,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}