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Developing a sustainable patient navigation model for breast cancer care in India: a survivor-led pilot project 在印度为乳腺癌护理开发一个可持续的病人导航模式:一个幸存者主导的试点项目
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100661
Soumen Das , Tanmoy Kumar Mandal , Anowar Ali Mallick
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引用次数: 0
Leveraging the influenza sentinel surveillance platform for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in Bangladesh (2020–2024): a prospective sentinel surveillance study 利用流感哨点监测平台在孟加拉国监测SARS-CoV-2(2020-2024):一项前瞻性哨点监测研究
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100657
Md Ariful Islam , Md Zakiul Hassan , Zubair Akhtar , Saju Bhuiya , Tanzir Ahmed Shuvo , Probir Kumar Ghosh , Asadullah , Md Abdullah Al Jubayer Biswas , Mustafizur Rahman , Mohammad Jubair , Mst Noorjahan Begum , Yeasir Karim , Mohammed Ziaur Rahman , Mohammad Enayet Hossain , Mohammad Niaz Morshed Khan , Tahmina Shirin , Shah Niaz Md Rubaid Anwar , Ahmed Nawsher Alam , Mohammad Ferdous Rahman Sarker , Monalisa , Fahmida Chowdhury

Background

There is limited global evidence on whether influenza sentinel surveillance platforms can be effectively adapted for long-term SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in low-resource contexts. We explored the utility of the hospital-based influenza sentinel surveillance (HBIS) platform for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladesh by comparing SARS-CoV-2 detection in HBIS platform with national COVID-19 platform and assessing how its integration into influenza surveillance aligns with national trends.

Methods

From March 2020 to December 2024, we analysed data from patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and influenza-like illness (ILI) enrolled in HBIS. Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were tested for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 using rRT-PCR. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subset of SARS-CoV-2–positive samples. Data from national COVID-19 platform were obtained from the Directorate General of Health Services, Bangladesh, and were compared with HBIS platform data using epidemic curves and Pearson correlation analysis.

Findings

Among 25,366 (SARI: 20,226; ILI: 5140) patients, 13.0% (3310) tested positive for influenza, 6.6% (1680) for SARS-CoV-2, and 0.2% (43) were co-infected. SARS-CoV-2 positivity in HBIS (6.8%), including 0.2% co-infections, was lower than the national average (13.1%), but showed a strong correlation with national trends (Pearson r = 0.86, P < 0.001). Sequencing of 234 SARS-CoV-2 strains detected the beta and delta variants in April and May 2021, respectively, and omicron subvariants circulating from 2022 to 2024, aligning with the national COVID-19 platform.

Interpretation

SARS-CoV-2 positivity trends in HBIS platform closely aligned with the national COVID-19 platform, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable platform for COVID-19 monitoring. Our findings underscore the feasibility of influenza sentinel surveillance as an early warning system for future COVID-19 outbreaks or other respiratory viruses of pandemic concern in Bangladesh and similar settings.

Funding

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA (U01GH002259).
关于流感哨点监测平台是否能够有效适应低资源环境下的SARS-CoV-2长期监测,全球证据有限。我们通过比较医院流感哨点监测(HBIS)平台与国家COVID-19平台的SARS-CoV-2检测,并评估其与流感监测的整合如何符合国家趋势,探讨了医院流感哨点监测(HBIS)平台在孟加拉国监测SARS-CoV-2的效用。方法:从2020年3月至2024年12月,我们分析了参加HBIS的严重急性呼吸道感染(SARI)和流感样疾病(ILI)患者的数据。记录社会人口学和临床数据,并使用rRT-PCR对鼻咽和口咽拭子进行流感和SARS-CoV-2检测。对一部分sars - cov -2阳性样本进行了全基因组测序。来自国家COVID-19平台的数据来自孟加拉国卫生服务总局,并使用流行曲线和Pearson相关分析与HBIS平台数据进行比较。结果在25,366例患者(SARI: 20,226例;ILI: 5140例)中,13.0%(3310例)流感检测阳性,6.6%(1680例)SARS-CoV-2检测阳性,0.2%(43例)合并感染。乙肝病毒感染者中SARS-CoV-2阳性(6.8%),包括0.2%的合并感染,低于全国平均水平(13.1%),但与全国趋势有很强的相关性(Pearson r = 0.86, P < 0.001)。对234株SARS-CoV-2株的测序分别于2021年4月和5月检测到β和δ变异,以及2022年至2024年流行的组粒亚变异,与国家COVID-19平台一致。HBIS平台的sars - cov -2阳性趋势与国家COVID-19平台密切相关,显示了其作为COVID-19可持续监测平台的潜力。我们的研究结果强调了流感哨点监测作为孟加拉国和类似环境中未来COVID-19疫情或其他大流行呼吸道病毒的早期预警系统的可行性。美国佐治亚州亚特兰大疾病预防控制中心(CDC)资助(U01GH002259)。
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引用次数: 0
Health system drivers of caesarean deliveries in south Asia: a scoping review 南亚剖腹产的卫生系统驱动因素:范围审查
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100651
Angel Sudha Veparala , Dorothy Lall , Prashanth N. Srinivas , Kajal Samantaray , Bruno Marchal
Caesarean section (CS) rates are rising across south Asia, often without medical indication, posing significant public health concerns. This Review applied a framework-guided evidence synthesis using a scoping review approach, structured by the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM), to examine health system drivers of CS. Seventy-five studies were included, mainly from India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. At the individual level, maternal education, socioeconomic status, and birth order influenced CS use. Community-level drivers included family preferences and media exposure. At the provider level, decision-making was shaped by financial incentives, medico-legal concerns, and scheduling convenience. Other system-level drivers, such as private sector dominance, limited regulation, and insurance coverage, were associated with increased CS rates. While most findings aligned with the SEM, some extended beyond its scope. The Review highlights the need for coordinated policy responses across levels, including payment reforms, regulatory oversight, and improved antenatal counselling, to ensure CS use aligns with clinical need rather than socio-economic or institutional pressures.
南亚剖宫产率正在上升,往往没有医学指征,造成重大的公共卫生问题。本综述采用由社会生态模型(SEM)构建的范围审查方法,采用框架指导的证据综合方法来检查CS的卫生系统驱动因素。纳入了75项研究,主要来自印度、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦。在个体层面上,母亲教育程度、社会经济地位和出生顺序影响CS的使用。社区层面的驱动因素包括家庭偏好和媒体曝光。在医疗服务提供者的层面,决策是由财政激励、医疗法律问题和日程安排的便利性决定的。其他系统级驱动因素,如私营部门的主导地位、有限的监管和保险覆盖范围,与CS率的增加有关。虽然大多数发现与扫描电镜一致,但有些发现超出了扫描电镜的范围。《审查报告》强调需要在各级采取协调一致的政策应对措施,包括支付改革、监管监督和改进产前咨询,以确保CS的使用符合临床需求,而不是符合社会经济或体制压力。
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引用次数: 0
Immunogenicity and safety of ‘Comvigen’, a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, in comparison to Comirnaty bivalent vaccine in Thailand: a phase 2, non-inferiority randomised trial 与泰国Comvigen二价SARS-CoV-2疫苗相比,Comvigen二价疫苗的免疫原性和安全性:一项2期非劣效性随机试验
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100650
Watsamon Jantarabenjakul , Rapisa Nantanee , Thanyawee Puthanakit , Sivaporn Gatechompol , Anchalee Avihingsanon , Suda Punrin , Terapong Tantawichien , Sorachai Nitayaphan , Arunee Thitithanyanont , Supranee Buranapraditkun , Anan Jongkaewwattana , Chutitorn Ketloy , Eakachai Prompetchara , Saranath Lawpoolsri , Wassana Wijagkanalan , Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh , Lina Hong , Mijo Samija , Drew Weissman , Kiat Ruxrungtham , Nanthida Wonglertnirant

Background

Strengthening mRNA vaccine development in LMICs is essential for enhancing global pandemic preparedness. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of Comvigen, a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, in comparison to the Comirnaty bivalent vaccine (Comirnaty).

Methods

This phase II, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial was conducted in Thailand across four centres. Participants (n = 450) were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either Comvigen (50 μg) or Comirnaty (30 μg), using block randomisation (size = 9). Eligible participants had completed at least 2 doses of any approved COVID-19 vaccine, with the last mRNA-vaccine dose given over 3 months before enrolment. The non-inferiority margin of a geometric mean ratio (GMR) of 0.67. The primary immunogenicity endpoint was pseudovirus neutralisation titres (psVNT-50) against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 at Day 29. Safety outcomes included local and systemic adverse reactions up to six months post-vaccination. Immunogenicity analyses were conducted on the Per-Protocol (PP) population and the modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT) population; safety analyses included all participants. Laboratory personnel were blinded to vaccine assignment (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05930730).

Findings

Between October and November 2023, 450 participants were enrolled (median age of 36 years, IQR 30–45). At day 29, the geometric mean titre (GMT) of psVNT-50 against wild-type virus increased from 475.9 to 2062.9 for Comvigen and from 458.8 to 1905.1 for Comirnaty (GMR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.2), meeting non-inferiority criteria. Against Omicron BA.4/BA.5, GMTs were 3909.8 for Comvigen and 3288.6 for Comirnaty (GMR 1.2, 95% 1.0–1.4). Local and systemic reactions were more frequent with Comvigen (91% vs. 78%, p = 0.0002, 79% vs. 70%, p = 0.028) but were mild or moderate and transient with no difference in fever (6% vs. 5%, p = 0.84).

Interpretation

Comvigen demonstrated non-inferiority immunogenicity to Comirnaty and had a comparable safety profile, supporting mRNA vaccine development for global access and pandemic preparedness.

Funding

Covid-19 Pandemic Emergency Fund granted by Thailand's National Economic and Social Development Council provided major funding. Supplementary funding was provided by National Vaccine Institute (NVI), Thailand; Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Chulalongkorn University Second Century Fund (C2F); BioNet-Asia and Public Donation through Covid-19 vaccine development fund of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and the Thai Red Cross Society, Thailand.
背景:加强中低收入国家mRNA疫苗的开发对于加强全球大流行防范至关重要。本研究评估了Comvigen(一种二价SARS-CoV-2疫苗)与Comirnaty二价疫苗(Comirnaty)的安全性和免疫原性。该II期随机、开放标签、非劣效性试验在泰国的4个中心进行。参与者(n = 450)被随机分配(2:1)接受Comvigen (50 μg)或Comirnaty (30 μg),采用分组随机(size = 9)。符合条件的参与者已完成至少2剂任何批准的COVID-19疫苗,最后一次mrna疫苗剂量在入组前3个多月进行。几何平均比(GMR)的非劣效边际为0.67。主要免疫原性终点是针对SARS-CoV-2野生型和Omicron BA.4/BA的假病毒中和效价(psVNT-50)。第29天。安全性指标包括接种疫苗后6个月的局部和全身不良反应。免疫原性分析对按方案(PP)群体和改良意向治疗(mITT)群体进行;安全性分析包括所有参与者。实验室人员对疫苗分配不知情(ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05930730)。在2023年10月至11月期间,有450名参与者被纳入研究(中位年龄36岁,IQR 30-45岁)。在第29天,psVNT-50对野生型病毒的几何平均滴度(GMT)从Comvigen的475.9增加到2062.9,comiry的458.8增加到1905.1 (GMR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2),符合非劣效性标准。抗欧米克隆BA.4/BA。5、Comvigen的GMTs为3909.8,comirity的GMTs为3288.6 (GMR为1.2,95%为1.0 ~ 1.4)。Comvigen的局部和全身反应更频繁(91%对78%,p = 0.0002, 79%对70%,p = 0.028),但轻度或中度和短暂性反应,发热无差异(6%对5%,p = 0.84)。comvigen显示出对Comirnaty的非劣效性免疫原性,并且具有相当的安全性,支持mRNA疫苗开发用于全球可及性和大流行防范。泰国国家经济和社会发展理事会批准的2019冠状病毒病大流行应急基金提供了主要资金。补充资金由泰国国家疫苗研究所提供;朱拉隆功大学医学院疫苗研究与开发卓越中心;朱拉隆功大学第二世纪基金;亚洲生物网与朱拉隆功大学医学院和泰国红十字会新冠病毒疫苗开发基金的公众捐赠。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and determinants of stillbirth disparities in India: a geospatial hotspot clustering study using integrated population-level data. 印度死产差异的流行病学和决定因素:使用综合人口水平数据的地理空间热点聚类研究。
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-08 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100647
U Venkatesh, Om Prakash Bera, Ashoo Grover, Siddhant Shastri, Sayantan Chakraborty

Background: Stillbirth is a significant public health issue worldwide, with India bearing a substantial burden. While male fetuses are biologically more vulnerable, the geographic distribution of sex-specific stillbirth rates remains underexplored. This study investigates district-level stillbirth patterns across India and evaluates their spatial association with maternal, socio-demographic, and delivery care factors.

Methods: This ecological study employed data integration using the Civil Registration System (CRS-2020) and the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) to compile district-level estimates of stillbirth rates (SBRs) along with maternal, delivery care, and socio-demographic indicators. SBR was calculated as the number of stillbirths per 1000 total births for each sex. Spatial autocorrelation was assessed using Global and Local Moran's I. Additionally, univariate and bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were conducted separately for male and female stillbirth rates to examine spatial clustering and associations with selected correlates, identifying hotspot and cold-spot regions across districts.

Findings: The nationwide stillbirth rate (SBR) in 2020 was 6.548 per 1000 total births (female: 6.54; male: 6.63). Stillbirth rates were higher among urban mothers compared to rural mothers. Northern India, particularly Chandigarh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Rajasthan, recorded the highest SBR. Spatial analysis identified stillbirth hotspots primarily in Northern and Central India. Univariate Moran's I indicated strong spatial clustering for maternal factors, including below-normal BMI (Moran's I = 0.62) and iron-folic acid supplementation (Moran's I = 0.551). Bivariate Moran's I showed similar spatial trends for both sexes, with stillbirth rates positively correlated with anemia (female: 0.087; male: 0.078) and institutional births in public facilities (female: 0.084; male: 0.086), and negatively correlated with literacy (female: -0.069; male: -0.063) and cesarean deliveries in private facilities (female: -0.055; male: -0.090).

Interpretation: This study found no significant geospatial disparity in sex-specific stillbirth rates across Indian districts, with similar clustering patterns for both sexes. Key determinants included literacy, wealth status, anemia, and cesarean deliveries. District-specific strategies, guided by geospatial insights, are essential for focused public health measures. Strengthening stillbirth registration and utilizing advanced spatial methods are crucial for improved monitoring and intervention planning.

Funding: No funding was issued for this research.

背景:死产是世界范围内的一个重大公共卫生问题,印度承受着巨大的负担。虽然男性胎儿在生物学上更脆弱,但性别特异性死产率的地理分布仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了印度地区的死产模式,并评估了其与孕产妇、社会人口统计学和分娩护理因素的空间关联。方法:本生态研究采用民事登记系统(CRS-2020)和国家家庭健康调查(NFHS-5)的数据整合,编制区级死产率(sbr)以及孕产妇、分娩护理和社会人口指标的估计。SBR是按每1000个出生婴儿中每1000个出生婴儿的死产数计算的。此外,对男性和女性死胎率分别进行了单变量和双变量空间关联局部指标(LISA),以检验空间聚类及其与选定相关因素的关联,从而确定各地区的热点和冷点区域。结果:2020年全国死产率(SBR)为6.548 / 1000,其中女性为6.54 / 1000,男性为6.63 / 1000。与农村母亲相比,城市母亲的死产率更高。印度北部,特别是昌迪加尔、查谟和克什米尔以及拉贾斯坦邦的SBR最高。空间分析确定死产热点主要在印度北部和中部。单变量Moran's I表明,母亲因素具有很强的空间聚类性,包括BMI低于正常水平(Moran's I = 0.62)和叶酸铁补充剂(Moran's I = 0.551)。双变量Moran’s I在两性中显示出相似的空间趋势,死产率与贫血(女性:0.087;男性:0.078)和公共设施机构分娩(女性:0.084;男性:0.086)呈正相关,与识字率(女性:-0.069;男性:-0.063)和私立设施剖宫产(女性:-0.055;男性:-0.090)负相关。解释:本研究发现,在印度各区,不同性别的死产率没有显著的地理空间差异,两性的聚类模式相似。主要决定因素包括识字率、财富状况、贫血和剖宫产。以地理空间见解为指导的具体地区战略对于有重点的公共卫生措施至关重要。加强死胎登记和利用先进的空间方法对改进监测和干预计划至关重要。资助:本研究未获资助。
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引用次数: 0
Correspondence to editorial “Oral health in southeast Asia: addressing inaccessibility” 对“东南亚口腔健康:解决无障碍问题”社论的回信
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100550
Romain Lan , Laurie Fraticelli , Denis Bourgeois , Florence Carrouel
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引用次数: 0
Melioidosis: a call for recognition as a neglected tropical disease under the Southeast Asia regional neglected tropical disease framework 类鼻疽病:呼吁在东南亚区域被忽视的热带病框架下确认为被忽视的热带病
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100625
Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra , Bijayini Behera
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引用次数: 0
Sample representativeness and temporal comparability in SEAR study, and achieving equitable health insurance coverage — Authors' reply SEAR研究的样本代表性和时间可比性,以及实现公平的健康保险覆盖——作者的答复
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100648
Sudheer Kumar Shukla , Pratheeba John , Nishikant Singh , Navin Singh
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引用次数: 0
Health insurance in southeast Asia: is it enough for UHC? 东南亚的医疗保险:全民健康覆盖是否足够?
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100653
The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia
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引用次数: 0
Balancing public health priorities and inclusivity in medical education: a clarification on curriculum revisions 平衡公共卫生优先事项和医学教育的包容性:澄清课程修订
IF 6.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100563
Mirza Jahanzeb Beg , B. Sai Chaitanya Reddy , Manik Inder Singh Sethi
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引用次数: 0
期刊
The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia
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