T. Watabe, Yukinari Muramatsu, Masaru Homma, T. Higashide, D. Ahn
Abstract The development of models for yield prediction in greenhouse sweet peppers may help improve yield and labour productivity. We aimed to monitor the growth and yield of hydroponically grown sweet pepper plants without destructive sampling. First, we constructed a prediction model and validated it in a cultivation experiment. In the developed model, daily node appearance and light use efficiency were predicted from daily mean air temperature and daytime carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. The daily light interception was obtained by non-destructive leaf area estimation. Second, we validated the model through the cultivation experiment. The predicted total dry matter production at 200 days after transplanting (DAT), 1,379 g/m2, fell within the range of the observed value, 1,353 ± 46 g/m2 (mean ± SE). The predicted and observed yields at 200 DAT were 7.90 kg/m2 and 7.73 ± 0.82 kg/m2, respectively. We approximately predicted node appearance, total dry matter production, and fruit yield, while partially succeeding in predicting leaf area index and dry matter partitioning to fruit. Our non-destructive prediction model can be an effective tool for growers and to improve the yield of sweet pepper production.
{"title":"Development of a Simple Empirical Yield Predition Model Based on Dry Matter Production in Sweet Pepper","authors":"T. Watabe, Yukinari Muramatsu, Masaru Homma, T. Higashide, D. Ahn","doi":"10.2478/agri-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of models for yield prediction in greenhouse sweet peppers may help improve yield and labour productivity. We aimed to monitor the growth and yield of hydroponically grown sweet pepper plants without destructive sampling. First, we constructed a prediction model and validated it in a cultivation experiment. In the developed model, daily node appearance and light use efficiency were predicted from daily mean air temperature and daytime carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. The daily light interception was obtained by non-destructive leaf area estimation. Second, we validated the model through the cultivation experiment. The predicted total dry matter production at 200 days after transplanting (DAT), 1,379 g/m2, fell within the range of the observed value, 1,353 ± 46 g/m2 (mean ± SE). The predicted and observed yields at 200 DAT were 7.90 kg/m2 and 7.73 ± 0.82 kg/m2, respectively. We approximately predicted node appearance, total dry matter production, and fruit yield, while partially succeeding in predicting leaf area index and dry matter partitioning to fruit. Our non-destructive prediction model can be an effective tool for growers and to improve the yield of sweet pepper production.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"37 1","pages":"13 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90460773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study is focused on an evaluation of some important soil properties as a result of the genesis of mollic soils which are located outside of the main Chernozem regions in Slovakia. Several soil profiles selected from the Soil Monitoring Network in Slovakia were evaluated and interpreted. Unified analytical procedures used in soil monitoring system have been applied. Following soil indicators: pH, humus content, and qualitative components as humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) as well as the fractional composition of HA, the content of labile carbon (CL), potentially mineralisable nitrogen (Npot) have been analysed. Based on obtained results in more details, it may be said that the dark-coloured soils in non-Chernozem regions opposite dark-coloured soils in Chernozem regions have a higher content of labile carbon and higher index of lability as well as higher CL: Npot ratio. This indicator seems to be more significant than the often used C/N ratio. In addition, the darkcoloured soils in non-Chernozem regions are characteristic with higher content of aliphatic carbon as well as lower content of carboxylic groups (-COOH) and lower value of the optical parameter (E1% 6). These indicators in more detail are of higher interpretation value for a better evaluation of dark-coloured soils in non-Chernozem regions compared with similar soils in Chernozem regions.
{"title":"Mollic soils situated in non-Chernozem regions in Slovakia","authors":"J. Kobža","doi":"10.2478/agri-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is focused on an evaluation of some important soil properties as a result of the genesis of mollic soils which are located outside of the main Chernozem regions in Slovakia. Several soil profiles selected from the Soil Monitoring Network in Slovakia were evaluated and interpreted. Unified analytical procedures used in soil monitoring system have been applied. Following soil indicators: pH, humus content, and qualitative components as humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) as well as the fractional composition of HA, the content of labile carbon (CL), potentially mineralisable nitrogen (Npot) have been analysed. Based on obtained results in more details, it may be said that the dark-coloured soils in non-Chernozem regions opposite dark-coloured soils in Chernozem regions have a higher content of labile carbon and higher index of lability as well as higher CL: Npot ratio. This indicator seems to be more significant than the often used C/N ratio. In addition, the darkcoloured soils in non-Chernozem regions are characteristic with higher content of aliphatic carbon as well as lower content of carboxylic groups (-COOH) and lower value of the optical parameter (E1% 6). These indicators in more detail are of higher interpretation value for a better evaluation of dark-coloured soils in non-Chernozem regions compared with similar soils in Chernozem regions.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"20 1","pages":"25 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86375850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper presents field experiments and laboratory analyses to study productivity and nutritional qualities of the grain of four F1 hybrids of winter rye (Aviator, Ravo, Prommo, Eterno), and the population variety Chulpan 7 in the natural conditions of the Southern Ural. The research revealed an individual difference in the nutritional qualities of grain and the content of anti-nutritional substances between different studied F1 hybrids, and compared them with the Chulpan 7 variety. Hybrids of winter rye formed higher grain productivity (from 4.65 t/ha to 6.07 t/ha) in comparison with the Chulpan 7 variety. The paper assesses the content of anti-nutritional substances (water-soluble pentosans) in grain, the kinematic viscosity of the water-extractable from grain hybrids (water-soluble pentosans 1.55 ‒ 1.74%, the viscosity of the water extract 18.3 ‒ 23.1 cSt and winter rye variety (of water-soluble pentosans 1.75%, the viscosity of the water extract was 23.4 cSt), and the dependence of these indicators on the environment during the growing season. The paper also presents the results of determining the nutritional value of the grain of hybrids and the Chulpan 7 variety by the content of crude proteins, starch, phosphorus, calcium, and potassium.
{"title":"Productivity and nutritional qualities of grain of new F1 winter rye hybrids in the Southern Ural","authors":"K. Ismagilov, Razit Nurlygayanov, Rose Kayumova","doi":"10.2478/agri-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents field experiments and laboratory analyses to study productivity and nutritional qualities of the grain of four F1 hybrids of winter rye (Aviator, Ravo, Prommo, Eterno), and the population variety Chulpan 7 in the natural conditions of the Southern Ural. The research revealed an individual difference in the nutritional qualities of grain and the content of anti-nutritional substances between different studied F1 hybrids, and compared them with the Chulpan 7 variety. Hybrids of winter rye formed higher grain productivity (from 4.65 t/ha to 6.07 t/ha) in comparison with the Chulpan 7 variety. The paper assesses the content of anti-nutritional substances (water-soluble pentosans) in grain, the kinematic viscosity of the water-extractable from grain hybrids (water-soluble pentosans 1.55 ‒ 1.74%, the viscosity of the water extract 18.3 ‒ 23.1 cSt and winter rye variety (of water-soluble pentosans 1.75%, the viscosity of the water extract was 23.4 cSt), and the dependence of these indicators on the environment during the growing season. The paper also presents the results of determining the nutritional value of the grain of hybrids and the Chulpan 7 variety by the content of crude proteins, starch, phosphorus, calcium, and potassium.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"99 1","pages":"34 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85358921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The development of new bio-fortified maize hybrids is crucial for achieving food security and alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies. This study aims at assessing the performance of new pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and identifying potential high-yielding hybrids using base index, multivariate selection index, and rank summation index. Twenty-four pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and one hybrid check were evaluated in the rainy seasons of 2018 and 2019 at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids were planted each year in a 5 × 5 α lattice design with three replications. Data collected on grain yield and agronomic traits were analysed. The hybrids showed significant (P < 0.001) variations for all measured traits except plant aspect and maize streak virus scores. The mean grain yield of hybrids over two years varied from 1,106 kg/ha (LY 1312-12) to 5,144 kg/ha (LY 1501-9). The highest yielding hybrid across the years had a 31% yield advantage over the single-cross hybrid used as a check. The base index had the highest selection differential (34%) for grain yield. The rank summation index had a strong correlation with the multivariate selection index (r = ‒0.86+++) followed by base index (r = ‒0.56+++). The three selection indices used identified three superior three-way cross hybrids (LY 1409-21, LY 1501-9 and LY 1501-1) with a slight change in rank order. These outstanding hybrids which combine high productivity with nutrients may be considered for advanced multi-location and on-farm testing before their release to farmers in derived savanna agroecology of Nigeria.
{"title":"Phenotypic performance of new pro-vitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids using three selection indices","authors":"A. Kolawole, Abiodun Fatai Olayinka","doi":"10.2478/agri-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of new bio-fortified maize hybrids is crucial for achieving food security and alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies. This study aims at assessing the performance of new pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and identifying potential high-yielding hybrids using base index, multivariate selection index, and rank summation index. Twenty-four pro-vitamin A maize hybrids and one hybrid check were evaluated in the rainy seasons of 2018 and 2019 at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids were planted each year in a 5 × 5 α lattice design with three replications. Data collected on grain yield and agronomic traits were analysed. The hybrids showed significant (P < 0.001) variations for all measured traits except plant aspect and maize streak virus scores. The mean grain yield of hybrids over two years varied from 1,106 kg/ha (LY 1312-12) to 5,144 kg/ha (LY 1501-9). The highest yielding hybrid across the years had a 31% yield advantage over the single-cross hybrid used as a check. The base index had the highest selection differential (34%) for grain yield. The rank summation index had a strong correlation with the multivariate selection index (r = ‒0.86+++) followed by base index (r = ‒0.56+++). The three selection indices used identified three superior three-way cross hybrids (LY 1409-21, LY 1501-9 and LY 1501-1) with a slight change in rank order. These outstanding hybrids which combine high productivity with nutrients may be considered for advanced multi-location and on-farm testing before their release to farmers in derived savanna agroecology of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"25 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74986879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lúcia Sinka, J. Zsembeli, P. Ragán, L. Duzs, M. T. Hájos
Abstract The main goal of our investigation was to determine the relationship between different growing methods of sweet corn seedlings and some physiological and morphological parameters of four hybrids in order to get information about the ability of their stress tolerance in a two-year experiment (2019, 2020). Seedlings were grown with and without pre-conditioning. Pre-conditioning is based on growing young plants exposing them to cold stress. Seedling emergence percentage, plant height, total leaf number, the total mass of fresh aboveground biomass, and ear length were determined as well as Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values. In 2019, the pre-conditioned seedlings were more tolerant to cold stress for most of the tested parameters. Overall, the SPAD and NDVI values of the pre-conditioned seedlings were considered better in both years, however, it was not verified for all the studied hybrids. Among the hybrids, ‘Strongstar’ had the highest benefit from pre-conditioning compared to the standard growing method in terms of resulting in 17.5% higher plants, 13.1% longer ears, and 10.4% higher SPAD values in 2019. In 2020, when the cold stress was not so dominant, ‘Gyöngyhajnal’ gained the most from pre-conditioning with 9.7% higher plants, 32% more fresh aboveground biomass, 6.8% longer ears, 3.6% higher SPAD, and 9.3% higher NDVI values. More emphasis should be placed on the choice of stress-tolerant hybrids as well as on the seedling growing method and the date of transplanting to improve adaptation to the more frequent weather extremes.
{"title":"Effect of different seedling growing methods on the SPAD, NDVI values and some morphological parameters of four sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids","authors":"Lúcia Sinka, J. Zsembeli, P. Ragán, L. Duzs, M. T. Hájos","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main goal of our investigation was to determine the relationship between different growing methods of sweet corn seedlings and some physiological and morphological parameters of four hybrids in order to get information about the ability of their stress tolerance in a two-year experiment (2019, 2020). Seedlings were grown with and without pre-conditioning. Pre-conditioning is based on growing young plants exposing them to cold stress. Seedling emergence percentage, plant height, total leaf number, the total mass of fresh aboveground biomass, and ear length were determined as well as Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values. In 2019, the pre-conditioned seedlings were more tolerant to cold stress for most of the tested parameters. Overall, the SPAD and NDVI values of the pre-conditioned seedlings were considered better in both years, however, it was not verified for all the studied hybrids. Among the hybrids, ‘Strongstar’ had the highest benefit from pre-conditioning compared to the standard growing method in terms of resulting in 17.5% higher plants, 13.1% longer ears, and 10.4% higher SPAD values in 2019. In 2020, when the cold stress was not so dominant, ‘Gyöngyhajnal’ gained the most from pre-conditioning with 9.7% higher plants, 32% more fresh aboveground biomass, 6.8% longer ears, 3.6% higher SPAD, and 9.3% higher NDVI values. More emphasis should be placed on the choice of stress-tolerant hybrids as well as on the seedling growing method and the date of transplanting to improve adaptation to the more frequent weather extremes.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"55 1","pages":"177 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80881914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract At the present time, crop rotations are constantly adapted to economic conditions and one or two main crops are grown in agricultural farms. This has a negative impact on the environment. The optimization of grain yield and quality of winter wheat are dependent not only on the appropriate crop rotation but also on the nitrogen fertilisation. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of crop rotations, fertilisation and preceding crop on grain yield and quality of winter wheat during the years 2015/2016 – 2017/2018. The grain yield of winter wheat after preceding crop pea in crop rotation with 40% proportion of cereals was statistically higher (5.91 t/ha) than in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals (5.55 t/ha). In the treatment with mineral fertilisation and organic manure Veget® incorporation, the grain yield was statistically higher (6.00 t/ha) than in the treatment with mineral fertilisation (5.50 t/ha). According the standard STN 46 1100-2:2018 based on the wet gluten content, the winter wheat grain was classified into the class E by mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget® in all monitored years. In 2017 the winter wheat grain was categorized into the class P based on wet gluten content in crop rotations with 80% proportion of cereals in the treatment with fertilisers only after preceding crop winter barley.
{"title":"Influence of fertilisation and crop rotation on grain yield and quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"M. Babulicová, S. Gavurníková","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At the present time, crop rotations are constantly adapted to economic conditions and one or two main crops are grown in agricultural farms. This has a negative impact on the environment. The optimization of grain yield and quality of winter wheat are dependent not only on the appropriate crop rotation but also on the nitrogen fertilisation. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of crop rotations, fertilisation and preceding crop on grain yield and quality of winter wheat during the years 2015/2016 – 2017/2018. The grain yield of winter wheat after preceding crop pea in crop rotation with 40% proportion of cereals was statistically higher (5.91 t/ha) than in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals (5.55 t/ha). In the treatment with mineral fertilisation and organic manure Veget® incorporation, the grain yield was statistically higher (6.00 t/ha) than in the treatment with mineral fertilisation (5.50 t/ha). According the standard STN 46 1100-2:2018 based on the wet gluten content, the winter wheat grain was classified into the class E by mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget® in all monitored years. In 2017 the winter wheat grain was categorized into the class P based on wet gluten content in crop rotations with 80% proportion of cereals in the treatment with fertilisers only after preceding crop winter barley.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"41 1","pages":"191 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78529388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiéfigué Pierrette Coulibaly, Jianguo Du, Daniel Diakité
Abstract As it has been practiced for many decades, agriculture has had a significant negative impact on the environment. More land, fertiliser, and pesticides had been used to increase the yield to meet the demands of an expanding population. Consequences included deforestation and soil degradation as well as the extinction of biodiversity, irrigation issues, and pollution, among other things. This has resulted in developing a new type of agriculture known as sustainable agriculture to remedy the situation. Specifically, the goal is to “meet the food and textile needs of society in the present without risking the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Using appropriate agricultural practices to implement sustainable agriculture is the most effective method of accomplishing this goal. According to research, farmers’ decisions to effectively adopt sustainable agricultural practices are influenced by a variety of factors. In this paper, we firstly give an overview of sustainable agriculture practices. Then, we review the various factors affecting the adoption of these practices, and finally, we highlight the gap found in the literature.
{"title":"Sustainable agricultural practices adoption","authors":"Tiéfigué Pierrette Coulibaly, Jianguo Du, Daniel Diakité","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As it has been practiced for many decades, agriculture has had a significant negative impact on the environment. More land, fertiliser, and pesticides had been used to increase the yield to meet the demands of an expanding population. Consequences included deforestation and soil degradation as well as the extinction of biodiversity, irrigation issues, and pollution, among other things. This has resulted in developing a new type of agriculture known as sustainable agriculture to remedy the situation. Specifically, the goal is to “meet the food and textile needs of society in the present without risking the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Using appropriate agricultural practices to implement sustainable agriculture is the most effective method of accomplishing this goal. According to research, farmers’ decisions to effectively adopt sustainable agricultural practices are influenced by a variety of factors. In this paper, we firstly give an overview of sustainable agriculture practices. Then, we review the various factors affecting the adoption of these practices, and finally, we highlight the gap found in the literature.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"13 1","pages":"166 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84722281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Ražná, J. Nôžková, Angéla Vargaová, Ľubomír Harenčár, M. Bjelková
Abstract Naturally occurring lignans are present in seeds, nuts, cereals, vegetables, and fruits. Lignans play various roles in plants and their multipurpose functions of different organisms including humans is considerable. They are involved in plant defence mechanisms through their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The lignans content may be affected by a variety of factors such as genotype, tissue type, geographic origin, local environmental conditions, nutrition, and plant maturity. Interactive relationships between individual factors are also considered. This review aimed to summarize the biological functions of lignans for plants and empasize the importance of these compounds for the added value of individual genotypes of plant food resources. Understanding the biological functions of lignans in plants can provide solutions to the ever-increasing requirements for the production of functional foods. Flaxseed is the richest source of lignans, and as such is considered the model species for lignans studies. Within our review, one paragraph is focused on the properties and biological functions of flax lignans.
{"title":"Biological functions of lignans in plants","authors":"K. Ražná, J. Nôžková, Angéla Vargaová, Ľubomír Harenčár, M. Bjelková","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Naturally occurring lignans are present in seeds, nuts, cereals, vegetables, and fruits. Lignans play various roles in plants and their multipurpose functions of different organisms including humans is considerable. They are involved in plant defence mechanisms through their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The lignans content may be affected by a variety of factors such as genotype, tissue type, geographic origin, local environmental conditions, nutrition, and plant maturity. Interactive relationships between individual factors are also considered. This review aimed to summarize the biological functions of lignans for plants and empasize the importance of these compounds for the added value of individual genotypes of plant food resources. Understanding the biological functions of lignans in plants can provide solutions to the ever-increasing requirements for the production of functional foods. Flaxseed is the richest source of lignans, and as such is considered the model species for lignans studies. Within our review, one paragraph is focused on the properties and biological functions of flax lignans.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"51 4 1","pages":"155 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78426817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Géza Tuba, G. Kovács, Lúcia Sinka, P. Nagy, Arzu Rivera-García, Zuzana Bajusová, P. Findura, J. Zsembeli
Abstract Soil compaction and degradation due to improper tillage are problems involving significant natural and economic damages. On compacted soils, suitable cultivation can be implemented only with higher energy and traction force input. In our study, the effect of a soil conditioner (Neosol) was examined on the penetration resistance of the soil and the traction power demand for ploughing in the experiment set up in the East-Slovak Plain in 2017 ‒ 2018 to justify several preliminary results showing that long-term soil conditioning results in enhanced root system, improved soil structure, cultivability, water- and salt regime. We found a positive effect of Neosol application with both investigated parameters and its long-term effect was also justified. The penetration resistance values of the soil of the untreated plot were 17 ‒ 23% higher, while the traction power demand values were 9 ‒ 32% lower in comparison with the Neosol treated plot in the first and the second year of the study, respectively. We assume the cumulative positive effect of soil conditioning on the physical soil properties in the study area, therefore the long-term application of Neosol is recommended for farms having similar soil properties.
{"title":"Effect of Soil Conditioning on Soil Penetration Resistance and Traction Power Demand of Ploughing","authors":"Géza Tuba, G. Kovács, Lúcia Sinka, P. Nagy, Arzu Rivera-García, Zuzana Bajusová, P. Findura, J. Zsembeli","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soil compaction and degradation due to improper tillage are problems involving significant natural and economic damages. On compacted soils, suitable cultivation can be implemented only with higher energy and traction force input. In our study, the effect of a soil conditioner (Neosol) was examined on the penetration resistance of the soil and the traction power demand for ploughing in the experiment set up in the East-Slovak Plain in 2017 ‒ 2018 to justify several preliminary results showing that long-term soil conditioning results in enhanced root system, improved soil structure, cultivability, water- and salt regime. We found a positive effect of Neosol application with both investigated parameters and its long-term effect was also justified. The penetration resistance values of the soil of the untreated plot were 17 ‒ 23% higher, while the traction power demand values were 9 ‒ 32% lower in comparison with the Neosol treated plot in the first and the second year of the study, respectively. We assume the cumulative positive effect of soil conditioning on the physical soil properties in the study area, therefore the long-term application of Neosol is recommended for farms having similar soil properties.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"29 1","pages":"113 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73696617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mahmoud, A. Hassan, S. A. Mottaleb, Mohamed M. Rowezak, A. Salama
Abstract A field experiment was conducted in sandy soil to assess the effect of different sources of soil conditioners on barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Giza 137) growth and its yield under drought stress. Plants were exposed to two levels of drought stress until grain maturity: (A) drought at 75% available water (AW) with NPK as control (treatment, T1); (B) mild drought stress at 50% AW with foliar spray of nano-silicon at 75 ppm (treatment, T2), foliar spray of nano-zeolite at 75 ppm (treatment, T3), perlite at 4 tons/h (treatment, T4), natural zeolite at 600 kg/ha (treatment, T5), bentonite at 4 tons/h (treatment, T6), and a combined treatment of T2+T3+T4+T5+T6 at the half amount of each material (T7). All the treatments received the recommended doses of organic matter. Vegetative growth and yield characters as well as anatomical characters were recorded. The physical and chemical soil properties were significantly improved by both foliar and soil conditioners application. The nutrients content of the barley crop were augmented under combined treatment (T7) as compared to other treatments. Under that treatment, barley crop chemical components, i.e. protein, ash, chlorophylls, amino acids, vitamins, and fibre were significantly higher compared to other treatments. In addition, gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) content besides antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly affected by all treatments. The economical profits were achieved, as reflected by an investment factor value equal to or higher than 3, and this was achieved for all tested nanosilicon, zeolite, and soil conditioners indicated the effectiveness and profitability of studied treatments.
摘要采用田间试验方法，研究了不同土壤调理剂对沙质土壤大麦(Hordeum vulgare L. cv.)生长的影响。干旱胁迫下吉萨的生长和产量。在籽粒成熟前，植株面临两种水平的干旱胁迫:(A) 75%有效水分(AW)干旱，以氮磷钾为对照(T1处理);(B)在50% AW条件下轻度干旱胁迫，叶面喷施纳米硅75 ppm(处理，T2)，叶面喷施纳米沸石75 ppm(处理，T3)，珍珠岩4吨/小时(处理，T4)，天然沸石600公斤/公顷(处理，T5)，膨润土4吨/小时(处理，T6)， T2+T3+T4+T5+T6，每种材料用量为一半的组合处理(T7)。所有的处理都接受了推荐剂量的有机物。记录了植株的营养生长和产量性状以及解剖性状。叶面施用和土壤调理剂均能显著改善土壤理化性质。与其他处理相比，联合处理(T7)提高了大麦作物的养分含量。在该处理下，大麦作物的蛋白质、灰分、叶绿素、氨基酸、维生素和纤维等化学成分显著高于其他处理。此外，除抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性外，各处理还显著影响了赤霉素(GA3)和脱落酸(ABA)含量。投资因子值等于或大于3反映了经济效益，并且所有测试的纳米硅、沸石和土壤调理剂都实现了这一目标，这表明所研究处理的有效性和盈利能力。
{"title":"The Role of Nano-Silicon and Other Soil Conditioners in Improving Physiology and Yield of Drought Stressed Barley Crop","authors":"A. Mahmoud, A. Hassan, S. A. Mottaleb, Mohamed M. Rowezak, A. Salama","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A field experiment was conducted in sandy soil to assess the effect of different sources of soil conditioners on barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Giza 137) growth and its yield under drought stress. Plants were exposed to two levels of drought stress until grain maturity: (A) drought at 75% available water (AW) with NPK as control (treatment, T1); (B) mild drought stress at 50% AW with foliar spray of nano-silicon at 75 ppm (treatment, T2), foliar spray of nano-zeolite at 75 ppm (treatment, T3), perlite at 4 tons/h (treatment, T4), natural zeolite at 600 kg/ha (treatment, T5), bentonite at 4 tons/h (treatment, T6), and a combined treatment of T2+T3+T4+T5+T6 at the half amount of each material (T7). All the treatments received the recommended doses of organic matter. Vegetative growth and yield characters as well as anatomical characters were recorded. The physical and chemical soil properties were significantly improved by both foliar and soil conditioners application. The nutrients content of the barley crop were augmented under combined treatment (T7) as compared to other treatments. Under that treatment, barley crop chemical components, i.e. protein, ash, chlorophylls, amino acids, vitamins, and fibre were significantly higher compared to other treatments. In addition, gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) content besides antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly affected by all treatments. The economical profits were achieved, as reflected by an investment factor value equal to or higher than 3, and this was achieved for all tested nanosilicon, zeolite, and soil conditioners indicated the effectiveness and profitability of studied treatments.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"33 1","pages":"124 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78855352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：