{"title":"Standardization in forensic toxicology—The United States experience","authors":"Sabra Jones, Michael P. Stypa","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75673396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virginie Redouté Minzière, Anne‐Laure Gassner, M. Gallidabino, C. Roux, C. Weyermann
Gunshot residues (GSR) are routinely exploited by forensic scientists in the investigation of firearmrelated events. While many new techniques are daily reported in the literature for the analysis of GSR, there is still a significant lack of data on the transfer, persistence, and prevalence of GSR. Such fundamental knowledge is essential to fully exploit the information potential of GSR for investigation or in Court. This paper provides an overview of the relevant questions related to GSR, more particularly to infer about the trace’s origin (i.e., is it from a firearm discharge?) and the activity that caused transfer (e.g., primary, secondary or subsequent transfer). GSR production and composition will be briefly described, considering both inorganic and organic components. Then, the available knowledge about the primary transfer, the secondary transfer and the persistence of GSR will be outlined, as well as the prevalence (background level) of the targeted elements and/or compounds in the environment, more particularly on the hands of people unrelated to firearm incidents. Finally, the methods developed for the collection, analysis and interpretation of GSR will be discussed. A holistic approach combining fundamental forensic science knowledge about GSR transfer, persistence and prevalence together with other available information is discussed as a path forward to increase the relevance and value of the GSR trace in practice.
{"title":"The relevance of gunshot residues in forensic science","authors":"Virginie Redouté Minzière, Anne‐Laure Gassner, M. Gallidabino, C. Roux, C. Weyermann","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1472","url":null,"abstract":"Gunshot residues (GSR) are routinely exploited by forensic scientists in the investigation of firearmrelated events. While many new techniques are daily reported in the literature for the analysis of GSR, there is still a significant lack of data on the transfer, persistence, and prevalence of GSR. Such fundamental knowledge is essential to fully exploit the information potential of GSR for investigation or in Court. This paper provides an overview of the relevant questions related to GSR, more particularly to infer about the trace’s origin (i.e., is it from a firearm discharge?) and the activity that caused transfer (e.g., primary, secondary or subsequent transfer). GSR production and composition will be briefly described, considering both inorganic and organic components. Then, the available knowledge about the primary transfer, the secondary transfer and the persistence of GSR will be outlined, as well as the prevalence (background level) of the targeted elements and/or compounds in the environment, more particularly on the hands of people unrelated to firearm incidents. Finally, the methods developed for the collection, analysis and interpretation of GSR will be discussed. A holistic approach combining fundamental forensic science knowledge about GSR transfer, persistence and prevalence together with other available information is discussed as a path forward to increase the relevance and value of the GSR trace in practice.","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85869005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Textile damage science—Is it a reliable science?","authors":"Kate Sloan, M. Fergusson, J. Robertson","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1468","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88788184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maarten Quireyns, Tim Boogaerts, Natan Van Wichelen, A. Covaci, A. V. van Nuijs
{"title":"State‐of‐the‐art analytical approaches and strategies to assess disposal of drugs for wastewater‐based epidemiology","authors":"Maarten Quireyns, Tim Boogaerts, Natan Van Wichelen, A. Covaci, A. V. van Nuijs","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81614624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forming an investigative opinion in digital forensics","authors":"G. Horsman","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1460","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of single‐nucleotide polymorphism use in forensic genetics","authors":"Nicole M. M. Novroski, J. Cihlar","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86670941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan Alonzo, Rhiannon Alder, Laura Clancy, S. Fu
{"title":"Portable testing techniques for the analysis of drug materials","authors":"Morgan Alonzo, Rhiannon Alder, Laura Clancy, S. Fu","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90263354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The new Australian Consumer Data Right: An exemplary model for Open Banking","authors":"Clare Sullivan","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74171673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Luginbühl, K. Van Uytfanghe, Frederike Stöth, F. Wurst, C. Stove
{"title":"Current evolutions, applications, and challenges of phosphatidylethanol analysis for clinical and forensic purposes","authors":"Marc Luginbühl, K. Van Uytfanghe, Frederike Stöth, F. Wurst, C. Stove","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"1123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76804213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo G. de Campos, A. Krotulski, Bruno S. De Martinis, J. L. Costa
{"title":"Identification of synthetic cathinones in seized materials: A review of analytical strategies applied in forensic chemistry","authors":"Eduardo G. de Campos, A. Krotulski, Bruno S. De Martinis, J. L. Costa","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76223317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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