Acta psychiatrica Belgica最新文献

Deontology draws one's inspiration from Ethics. From this occurrence it seems important to avoid confusion between the first and the second. Psychiatry belongs truly to medical training. Nevertheless considering freedom pathology is its main particularity. This is the reason why human freedom must, at all cost, be preserved. This one is essential whenever individual subjectivity is concerned. The fundamental reference remains Human Rights Convention; even if opposed to principle of reality, one is necessarily obliged to a conflictual accommodation.

A paradoxal clinical case is described. First paradox: a patient borderline concerning personality, I.Q. and height involves all the medical and paramedical staff in her ambivalence. Second paradox: few members of the staff built with her a strong therapeutic link which allows to overcome the majority's negative countertransference. Third paradox: from a defensive behaviour, the patient succeeds to express her deep humanity through her drawings and poems. She is now taking the way of the autonomy.

The drive to murder, so-called Cain drive by L. Szondi is properly human. As non-ethic, it opens up the dialectics of ethics. Because it is a drive, it includes in itself the possibility of its own surpassing.

With the help of clinical examples, the author tries to show how the therapeutic process works in Jung's theory of Unconscious: in the course of transference, the Unconscious generates Images which are coming from the Archetypes of Collective Unconscious. The interpretation of these Images and dreamer's associations trough transference, leads the patient to elaborate Symbols as carriers of a new sense for himself.

Various works have been done to find the efficiency of different psychotherapies of asthma. The results are sceptical and sometimes contradictory; this contradiction probably is due to the multiple methods or also to the various variables linked to the illness. The results of our meta-analyses on 74 hypotheses chosen by specific criteria show the efficiencies of all these psychotherapies in asthma; however, these results are largely dependent on the 8 variables taken into account.

Two subjects are discussed: the use of placebo controls in clinical trials and informed consent. Particularly in trials of drugs for disorders for which there exist effective treatments, the use of placebo is still controversial, although anyhow in violation of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent aims at giving a subject all the necessary information to allow him to decide, with full knowledge, whether to accept a particular treatment or experimental protocol. Its importance would seem, albeit essential, to be rather illusory.

In vitro fertilization has become a subject of major ethical debate filled with passion and for two main reasons: On the one hand, it has posed in a very clear way the problem of the status of the human embryo, a problem intrinsically related to the debate on the voluntary termination of pregnancy. On the other hand, it looks again at the debate on access to these techniques, to the legitimacy of the desire for a child and to debate on the new families and from there, questions sexuality, life and death, subjects of fundamental existence. The authors analyses the phenomenon, develops a lay approach to embryo status and from there defends a vision of freedom of access to assisted procreation.