{"title":"Molecular approaches to studying the intracellular trafficking of glycosphingolipids.","authors":"W W Young","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19364574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sphingolipid-like molecule linked to CD45, a protein tyrosine phosphatase.","authors":"A Takeda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19365197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sphingomyelinases.","authors":"M W Spence","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19365198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gangliosides and glycosphingolipids as modulators of cell growth, adhesion, and transmembrane signaling.","authors":"S Hakomori, Y Igarashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19380383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gangliosides as receptors for bacterial enterotoxins.","authors":"P H Fishman, T Pacuszka, P A Orlandi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19380384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although we have accumulated few data that would definitely designate the role of N-SMase in modern cell biology, current evidence indicates that N-SMase may play a central role in signal transduction (Fig. 7). Biomodulators such as hormones, antibiotics, drugs, growth factors, and lipoproteins may interact with N-SMase either directly or in combination with other components (receptors) on the cell surface. The cell surface topology would provide easy access for such interactions. According to our hypothetical model shown in Fig. 7, activation of N-SMase via biomodulators, e.g., TNF-alpha, leads to the mobilization of cell surface cholesterol to the interior of the cell. We speculate that this process may be facilitated by sterol carrier proteins. This phenomenon may alter the lipid bilayer and make N-SMase accessible to its substrate, sphingomyelin. Ceramide released as a consequence of N-SMase reaction would then carry out various biological phenomena, such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Cholesterol on the other hand, may undergo oxidation and inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity; it may also be utilized by ACAT to form cholesteryl esters. A decrease in cell membrane cholesterol levels may stimulate LDL receptor activity and LDL receptor recycling and/or synthesis. In contrast, inactivation or decreased activity of N-SMase, as in the case of gentamicin-treated cells, may have the opposite effect, i.e., decreased LDL receptor activity and decreased cholesteryl ester synthesis. Thus, N-SMase may indirectly modulate cholesterol metabolism in cells independent of LDL. It can also modify LDL, allowing its rapid uptake and foam cell formation in macrophages. We can safely conclude that N-SMase action may be required to carry out a myriad of important cellular functions either directly or by cholesterol mobilization, or generation of ceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, and sphingoid bases. The present data support the view that N-SMase action may initiate signal transduction for such biomodulators as growth factors, lipoprotein, and hormones.
{"title":"Neutral sphingomyelinase.","authors":"S Chatterjee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although we have accumulated few data that would definitely designate the role of N-SMase in modern cell biology, current evidence indicates that N-SMase may play a central role in signal transduction (Fig. 7). Biomodulators such as hormones, antibiotics, drugs, growth factors, and lipoproteins may interact with N-SMase either directly or in combination with other components (receptors) on the cell surface. The cell surface topology would provide easy access for such interactions. According to our hypothetical model shown in Fig. 7, activation of N-SMase via biomodulators, e.g., TNF-alpha, leads to the mobilization of cell surface cholesterol to the interior of the cell. We speculate that this process may be facilitated by sterol carrier proteins. This phenomenon may alter the lipid bilayer and make N-SMase accessible to its substrate, sphingomyelin. Ceramide released as a consequence of N-SMase reaction would then carry out various biological phenomena, such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Cholesterol on the other hand, may undergo oxidation and inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity; it may also be utilized by ACAT to form cholesteryl esters. A decrease in cell membrane cholesterol levels may stimulate LDL receptor activity and LDL receptor recycling and/or synthesis. In contrast, inactivation or decreased activity of N-SMase, as in the case of gentamicin-treated cells, may have the opposite effect, i.e., decreased LDL receptor activity and decreased cholesteryl ester synthesis. Thus, N-SMase may indirectly modulate cholesterol metabolism in cells independent of LDL. It can also modify LDL, allowing its rapid uptake and foam cell formation in macrophages. We can safely conclude that N-SMase action may be required to carry out a myriad of important cellular functions either directly or by cholesterol mobilization, or generation of ceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, and sphingoid bases. The present data support the view that N-SMase action may initiate signal transduction for such biomodulators as growth factors, lipoprotein, and hormones.</p>","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19365195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Verotoxins and their glycolipid receptors.","authors":"C A Lingwood","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protection by gangliosides against glutamate excitotoxicity.","authors":"H Manev, A Guidotti, E Costa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19096485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The sphingomyelin cycle: a prototypic sphingolipid signaling pathway.","authors":"Y A Hannun, R M Bell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell injury have led to the realization that cell injury is a gradual process, which involves, in its early stages, specific biochemical responses of cells to the injury process. In this review, we have shown that the pursuit of the mechanisms by which inhibition of a specific GSL (GalCer) in hypoxic OLG occurs can lead to (1) an understanding of how the synthesis and transport of GalCer are regulated in the cell, and (2) evidence that the injury causes a potentially devastating (yet reversible) block in the production of this important lipid. This review has also discussed evidence that GSL, in their roles as regulators of the cell's interaction with its environment, can play important roles in determining the outcome of injurious processes.
{"title":"The role of glycosphingolipids in hypoxic cell injury.","authors":"A Kendler, G Dawson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell injury have led to the realization that cell injury is a gradual process, which involves, in its early stages, specific biochemical responses of cells to the injury process. In this review, we have shown that the pursuit of the mechanisms by which inhibition of a specific GSL (GalCer) in hypoxic OLG occurs can lead to (1) an understanding of how the synthesis and transport of GalCer are regulated in the cell, and (2) evidence that the injury causes a potentially devastating (yet reversible) block in the production of this important lipid. This review has also discussed evidence that GSL, in their roles as regulators of the cell's interaction with its environment, can play important roles in determining the outcome of injurious processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号