Advances in lipid research最新文献

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Lipids in platelet function: platelet and vascular prostaglandins in thromboembolic disease. 血小板功能中的脂质:血小板和血管前列腺素在血栓栓塞性疾病中的作用。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024922-0.50006-0

G Di Minno, A M Cerbone, A Postiglione

引用次数: 7

Hypo- and hyperresponders: individual differences in the response of serum cholesterol concentration to changes in diet. 低反应和高反应:血清胆固醇浓度对饮食变化反应的个体差异。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024922-0.50008-4

A C Beynen, M B Katan, L F Van Zutphen

The feeding of cholesterol-rich diets to random-bred animals results in marked interindividual differences in the response of serum cholesterol. Certain animals show only small responses (hyporesponders), whereas others develop high degrees of hypercholesterolemia (hyperresponders). Inbred strains of rabbits, rats, and mice differing in their sensitivity to dietary cholesterol are available. In these animals, and also in monkeys, the responsiveness to high-cholesterol diets has a strong genetic basis. The existence of hyper- and hyporesponders also holds in humans, though not as pronounced as in laboratory animals. Repeated trials with the same subjects have shown that persons exist with a consistently low or high response to increased intakes of cholesterol. However, "spontaneous," diet-independent within-person variations in the level of serum cholesterol markedly inflate the between-person variation in the response of serum cholesterol; both variations are of the same order of magnitude. Hypo- and hyperresponsiveness to dietary cholesterol extends to other hypercholesterolemic components of the diet. In humans and rabbits hyperresponsiveness to dietary cholesterol is associated with responsiveness to dietary saturated fatty acids. The mechanisms underlying hypo- and hyperresponsiveness to dietary cholesterol have not yet been unraveled. On the basis of available data, we propose that in hyperresponders, compared with hyporesponders, there is a higher hepatic efflux of cholesterol in low-density lipoproteins (LDL), or its precursors, after cholesterol consumption. This may be caused by insufficient inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis and/or the high capacity of cholesterol absorption in the hyperresponders. The stimulation of LDL production accounts for the increase in LDL cholesterol in serum. The number of hepatic LDL receptors, which may be already decreased in hyperresponders, will decrease further through down-regulation. The receptor-mediated LDL clearance decreases, but the absolute amount of LDL cholesterol taken up by the cells via the receptor and by the receptor-independent pathway increases because of the increased level of LDL cholesterol. In this way a new equilibrium is reached in which LDL production equals LDL catabolism. The phenomenon of hypo- and hyperresponsiveness may have implications for counseling subjects who attempt to lower their serum cholesterol by diet. However, identification of true hyper- and hyporesponders is greatly hampered by within-person fluctuations of the level of serum cholesterol. No simple test is available to discriminate hypo- from hyperresponders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

给随机饲养的动物喂食富含胆固醇的饲料会导致血清胆固醇反应的显著个体间差异。某些动物只表现出轻微的反应(低反应)，而其他动物则表现出高度的高胆固醇血症(高反应)。兔、大鼠和小鼠的近交系对膳食胆固醇的敏感性不同。在这些动物和猴子中，对高胆固醇饮食的反应有很强的遗传基础。高反应和低反应的存在也存在于人类中，尽管不像在实验动物中那么明显。对同一对象的反复试验表明，人们对增加胆固醇摄入量的反应始终或低或高。然而，“自发的”、与饮食无关的人体内血清胆固醇水平的变化显著地夸大了血清胆固醇反应的人与人之间的差异;这两种变化的量级是相同的。对膳食胆固醇的低反应和高反应延伸到饮食中的其他高胆固醇成分。人类和家兔对膳食胆固醇的高反应性与对膳食饱和脂肪酸的反应性有关。对膳食胆固醇的低反应和高反应的机制尚未被揭示。根据现有的数据，我们建议在高反应者中，与低反应者相比，在胆固醇消耗后，低密度脂蛋白(LDL)或其前体中的胆固醇有更高的肝脏外排。这可能是由于高反应者对胆固醇生物合成抑制不足和/或胆固醇吸收能力高所致。低密度脂蛋白产生的刺激是血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高的原因。在高反应者中可能已经减少的肝脏LDL受体数量将通过下调进一步减少。受体介导的低密度脂蛋白清除率降低，但由于低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高，细胞通过受体和不依赖受体途径摄取的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的绝对数量增加。这样就达到了一个新的平衡，LDL生成等于LDL分解代谢。低反应和高反应现象可能对试图通过饮食降低血清胆固醇的咨询对象有影响。然而，鉴别真正的高反应和低反应很大程度上受到人体内血清胆固醇水平波动的阻碍。没有简单的测试可以区分低反应和高反应。(摘要删节为400字)

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引用次数: 184

Sterol carrier and lipid transfer proteins. 固醇载体和脂质转移蛋白。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024922-0.50007-2

G V Vahouny, R Chanderbhan, A Kharroubi, B J Noland, A Pastuszyn, T J Scallen

引用次数: 47

Dietary fat, eicosanoids, and immunity. 膳食脂肪，类二十烷酸和免疫力。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50010-1

P V Johnston

引用次数: 95

Functional and orientational features of protein molecules in reconstituted lipid membranes. 重组脂质膜中蛋白质分子的功能和取向特征。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50014-9

A H Etemadi

引用次数: 14

Pharmacology of the leukotrienes. 白三烯的药理学。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50009-5

P Sirois

引用次数: 25

Apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein metabolism. 载脂蛋白B和脂蛋白代谢。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50007-1

J D Sparks, C E Sparks

引用次数: 46

Lipids in the structure and function of yeast membrane. 酵母膜结构与功能中的脂质。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50012-5

R Prasad

引用次数: 20

Leukotrienes: biosynthesis, metabolism, and analysis. 白三烯:生物合成、代谢和分析。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50008-3

P Borgeat, M Nadeau, H Salari, P Poubelle, B Fruteau de Laclos

引用次数: 54

Gastrointestinal digestion and absorption of lipid. 胃肠道消化和吸收脂质。

Advances in lipid research

Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024921-3.50011-3

P Tso

引用次数: 108

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