{"title":"Sphingosine kinase: properties and cellular functions.","authors":"B M Buehrer, R M Bell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19382507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
InsPCers have been characterized in many plants, fungi, and protozoans but not in animals. There are no well-documented reports of the absence of InsPCers in organisms of these categories and one might possibly consider these lipids to be ubiquitous in plants, fungi, and protozoans. The polar headgroups of these lipids display quite heterogeneous structures depending on the source, including attachment to proteins as possible membrane anchors. The ceramides are with some exceptions composed of phytosphingosine and a very long-chain, usually hydroxylated, fatty acid. The vital nature of such sphingolipids in the plasma membrane is indicated in S. cerevisiae. Clearly, much remains to be discovered about the structure, metabolism, and function of the InsPCers.
{"title":"Sphingolipids with inositolphosphate-containing head groups.","authors":"R L Lester, R C Dickson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>InsPCers have been characterized in many plants, fungi, and protozoans but not in animals. There are no well-documented reports of the absence of InsPCers in organisms of these categories and one might possibly consider these lipids to be ubiquitous in plants, fungi, and protozoans. The polar headgroups of these lipids display quite heterogeneous structures depending on the source, including attachment to proteins as possible membrane anchors. The ceramides are with some exceptions composed of phytosphingosine and a very long-chain, usually hydroxylated, fatty acid. The vital nature of such sphingolipids in the plasma membrane is indicated in S. cerevisiae. Clearly, much remains to be discovered about the structure, metabolism, and function of the InsPCers.</p>","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19365196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sphingolipid regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor.","authors":"R J Davis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19380382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The novel second messenger ceramide: identification, mechanism of action, and cellular activity.","authors":"Y A Hannun, L M Obeid, R A Wolff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19380385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The data discussed in the preceding sections suggest that information may be transmitted both through synthesis and through degradation of sphingomyelin. Although the sphingomyelin pathway holds promise as a new signaling system coupling TNF receptor activation to cellular stimulation (Fig. 5), the work is still at a preliminary stage. A physical association of receptors with neutral sphingomyelinase has yet to be established and the ceramide-activated protein kinase has yet to be isolated. Endogenous substrates for the kinase have also to be identified. Furthermore, the exact role of this pathway has not been defined. It is unclear whether this pathway is specific to monocyte differentiation or cytokine action. It also seems unlikely that a single signal transduction mechanism can account for all the diverse effects of TNF-alpha in different systems (Vilcek and Lee, 1991). Interactions with other signaling systems are sure to complicate elucidation of the exact role(s) of this pathway. Nevertheless, availability of cell-permeable analogs of ceramide, localization of many components of the system at the cell surface, and recent development of anti-TNF receptor antibodies to receptor isotypes may allow for greater definition of the sphingomyelin pathway in the near future.
{"title":"Ceramide: a novel second messenger.","authors":"S Mathias, R Kolesnick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The data discussed in the preceding sections suggest that information may be transmitted both through synthesis and through degradation of sphingomyelin. Although the sphingomyelin pathway holds promise as a new signaling system coupling TNF receptor activation to cellular stimulation (Fig. 5), the work is still at a preliminary stage. A physical association of receptors with neutral sphingomyelinase has yet to be established and the ceramide-activated protein kinase has yet to be isolated. Endogenous substrates for the kinase have also to be identified. Furthermore, the exact role of this pathway has not been defined. It is unclear whether this pathway is specific to monocyte differentiation or cytokine action. It also seems unlikely that a single signal transduction mechanism can account for all the diverse effects of TNF-alpha in different systems (Vilcek and Lee, 1991). Interactions with other signaling systems are sure to complicate elucidation of the exact role(s) of this pathway. Nevertheless, availability of cell-permeable analogs of ceramide, localization of many components of the system at the cell surface, and recent development of anti-TNF receptor antibodies to receptor isotypes may allow for greater definition of the sphingomyelin pathway in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metabolic effects of inhibiting glucosylceramide synthesis with PDMP and other substances.","authors":"N S Radin, J A Shayman, J Inokuchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19364575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sphingosine-phosphate lyase.","authors":"P P van Veldhoven, G P Mannaerts","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19365202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intracellular transport of ceramide and its metabolites at the Golgi complex: insights from short-chain analogs.","authors":"A G Rosenwald, R E Pagano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19364571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Truncated ceramide analogs as probes for sphingolipid biosynthesis and transport.","authors":"D Jeckel, F Wieland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19364573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gangliosides and modulation of the function of neural cells.","authors":"G Tettamanti, L Riboni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75444,"journal":{"name":"Advances in lipid research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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