Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes最新文献

The cyclic lysosome number variation in fibroadenoma and normal breast epithelial cells in 13 women, using light microscopy and Gomory acid phosphatase method, was studied. The menstrual cycle phase was determined by the last menstrual period, plasmatic progesterone level and endometrium biopsy. Seven lumps were extirpated in the proliferative phase and other 7 in the secretory period. The lysosomes were counted in the fibroadenoma and the normal breast epithelia. The statistical analysis of the findings showed that both fibroadenoma and normal breast epithelia present a number of lysosomes statistically higher in proliferative than in the secretory phase. It was also noted that the number of lysosomes in fibroadenomas is always greater than in the normal breast, independently of the phase of the menstrual cycle.

The relative growth of the pancreas was studied in 30 human fresh fetuses of known age (ranging from 2nd to 3rd trimesters) by using of the allometric method (Y = a X b). The weight of the pancreas (in grams) was correlated to the fetal parameters of maturity: age (in weeks), crown-rump length (in millimeters) and fetus weight (in grams). The growth of the weight of the pancreas presented positive allometry relative to gestational age and C-R length (b = 4.16 and 3.90 respectively), and light positive allometry relative to the weight of the fetuses (b = 1.15). These data are important today because non invasive methods like ultrasonography make possible to investigate the normal prenatal growth of several organs.

Using the methods of volumetry and histochemistry of the cells, we investigated the morphophysiological characteristics of the glomerular zone of the adrenal gland in rats which, after a 1-month exposure to the effects of detergents in a factory, lived through another 90 days under laboratory conditions. At the same time, control rats lived under normal conditions. The changes found in lipids and nucleic acids were manifested by different reaction of the cells in comparison with the controls. The volumetry of the cell nuclei in the glomerular zone showed statistically significant differences in the correlation of the experimental and the control animals from the aspect of the functional state of this part of the adrenal cortex. This was corroborated by the findings obtained using the methods of histochemistry.

The study, learning and teaching of the temporal bone complexity requires different methods. One of them, it's the corrosion cast technique (repletion-corrosion). Using soft masses in its final solid state permits to obtain casts of a big discriminating power. This methodology permits to study size, extension and relations of the temporal bone contents, working on with the classic methods of studying this bone.

It was attempted to identify the anatomical bases of the syndrome frequently encountered in sportsmen and women and commonly known under the all-encompassing term of "groin strain". The continuity of fasciae and the intersection of the insertion tendinous fibers of the abdominal and thigh muscles in the pre-pubic region binds the muscle elements firmly together and helps to understand why the disorder occurs and how to treat it. In contrast, the articular portion made up of the symphysis pubis, which is greatly exerted both during movement and at rest, has early signs of ageing making articular strain much more difficult to treat.

Identification of supernumerary de novo marker chromosomes was considered up to now as difficult and sometimes impossible with classical cytogenetical banding methods. The determination of their chromosomal origin is now easier with fluorescent in situ hybridisation techniques and enables an exact correlation between chromosomal aberration and phenotypic features to be established. The authors describe the use of chromosome painting with chromosome 13 and 18 Whole library DNA probe for identification of supernumerary markers in tow patients with congenital disorders. Cytogenetic examination in the first cave revealed a mosaicism with a ring chromosome 13 but clinical findings were different from the classical "ring 13 syndrome', and chromosome painting revealed in an extra--dicentric 13 chromosome (mos : 47, XX, -13, +r (13) +dic (13) / 46, XX, r (13) / 45, XX, -13 / 48, XX, -13, +r (13), (12) dic (13) / 47, XX, -13, + (2) r (13), R-banding pattern on prometaphases and chromosome painting in the second case confirmed the marker to be a 18 p isochromosome (47, XX, +i (18p)). The feasibility and the usefulness of chromosome painting in ascertainment of the possible genetic significance of markers is discussed.

The measurement of occipito-manducator angles, and especially that of alvéolo-hiatical angle, by his lower apeture, is realizable without necessary skull orientation. It is able to systematize with preciseness the hominity step of a skull, when compared to a threshold estimated to 180 degrees.

Upon 5 cutaneous angles and 4 bony angles, measured in facial profile, several (mono and plurivariate) methods were used for research of sexual differences. We explain why discriminant analysis is the only one to bring a very significant result.

Foetal evolution of bowel is the result of unequal growth of its segments and abdominal constraint of pressure. Caecum and appendix on the cranial and right side of intestine torsion differentiate colic anlage. Left colon observations in 20 foetus reveal a dorsal peritoneal fusion between 12 and 17 weeks: Progressive growth of left colon and meso, without dorsal fixation, beyond left kidney and subrenal gland. First mesocolon fixation at the left kidney. A tunnel persist between this fusion and the primitive mesocolon root. Radial advance of peritoneal fusion up to sigmoid mesocolon, with disappearance of the tunnel. Peritoneal fusion confirmed by histology.