Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry最新文献

Abstract

The global impact of metal corrosion is significant, as it poses both economic and environmental repercussions. The corrosion refers to the process by which metals undergo surface degradation due to an electrochemical reaction with the surrounding intrusive environment, leading to its initiation and acceleration. Corrosion inhibitors are widely recognized as the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing corrosion. The utilization of conventional and harmful corrosion inhibitors has led to environmental concerns, prompting the creation of eco-friendly, readily available, biodegradable, and economically efficient green substitutes. This review examines the utilization of green corrosion inhibitors sourced exclusively from renewable origins, focusing specifically on recent progress in employing extracts from fruits, vegetables, and rice peels as green corrosion inhibitors. Fruits and vegetables, specifically, contain abundant phytochemicals with corrosion-inhibiting properties. The experimental methodologies employed in corrosion inhibition, along with the underlying mechanism of corrosion inhibition, are extensively examined to elucidate the actual capabilities of these extracts in safeguarding steel in acidic surroundings. The study emphasizes the capacity of fruit and vegetable extracts to serve as environmentally friendly and economical substances that can prevent corrosion, thus contributing to the advancement of green chemistry. This review focuses on the most important inhibitors removed from the peels of fruits, vegetables, and rice, where an efficiency of 98.8% was achieved.

A complex of mechanochemically modified humic acids with Fe(ІІІ) was prepared by coprecipitation at pH varied from 12 to 2. Fe(ІІІ) interacts with humic acids via ionized groups. The ionized phenolic and carboxyl groups of humic acids at рН 8–12 bind Fe³⁺. At рН < 7.5, carboxyl groups of aromatic fragments of humic acids enter into the ion exchange with positively charged iron species {[Fe(OH)₂]aq}⁺ and {[Fe(OH)]aq}²⁺. The sorption exchange capacity of the modified humic acids is preserved to up to 50% and depends on the fraction of the humic component in the complex. The active sites of the organomineral complex are negatively charged oxygen-containing functional groups of macromolecules of the modified humic components and positively charged micellar Fe(ІІІ) forms. The humic complex with Fe(III) can be used as a base of a geochemical barrier to reduce the concentration of polluting chemical elements and organic ecotoxicants in soil.

Abstract

This study is intended to interpret of well logs for the purpose of determining petrophysical parameters for Mishrif formation in the Amarah Oil Field. This field is situated in the province of Mysan ten kilometers to the southwest of Amarah and ten kilometers to the northwest of Halafaya’s field, and is located southeast of the field of Kamit and about 30 km. M–N cross plot as well as the Matrix Identification (MID) have been applied to calculate mineralogy and lithology of the formation using well logs, cross plots, and reservoir quality index (RQI) along with flow zone indicator (FZI) outputs. The findings indicated that dolomite is just slightly present in the formation, which is primarily composed of calcite. The lithology determination using density–neutron cross plot shows that the formation is primarily limestone with some shale. The interpretation revealed that non-reservoir (barrier) beds divide the seven reservoir units that make up the majority of the Mishrif Formation. The parameters of Archi’s model were calculated using Pickett’s plot. The range values for Archie’s parameters, namely a, m, and n, were found to be 1, 1.29, and 2, respectively.

Abstract

The research topic deals with one of the important problems that the oil and gas sector suffers from, which is represented by corrosion, as the corrosion of metals annually causes large losses in production as a result of stimulating oil wells using hot HCl solutions, which causes the occurrence of corrosion phenomenon in the well bottom tools, pipes and casing. In addition, a group of organic and inorganic acids and surfactants are used in well stimulation processes. In order to reduce the violent attack of the acid solution on the N80 mild steel casing materials and pipes, during the pickling process inhibitors are added to the acid medium, and to avoid the complexity of the inhibition process in the oil and gas fields, which requires organic inhibitors within the green chemistry depending on the nature of the work field such as pipelines and equipment, recovery wells, refineries, etc. Organic acids and acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide complicate the well inhibition problem. Corrosion problems in the oil industry must be dealt with by considering various factors. Acids used in stimulation, the nature and type of reservoir rocks, and oil well equipment, whose operating conditions include casings and tubes, and these form part of the factors affecting corrosion. Thus, it needs to study each case as it is before determining the final opinion regarding the alternative materials. No suitable material can be found to survive the attack of corrosion. The designers and operators of the oil industry must take into account many serious economic and technical problems, the most important and most dangerous of which is the phenomenon of corrosion that is characteristic of the oil industry that deals with highly volatile and sometimes toxic materials and transported by pipelines over long distances and stored in huge warehouses in addition to because it requires a complex operational process that requires high heat and pressure, so if this equipment is so worn out that it is unable to withstand these harsh conditions, then there is no doubt that explosions may occur, which may be accompanied by fires, and sometimes their effect reaches the neighboring equipment and sometimes the entire production unit.

Abstract

Oil and gas production operations, particularly those involving subsea production systems, are frequently subjected to harsh underwater conditions characterized by low temperatures and high pressures, owing to the placement of most subsea facilities on the seabed. These challenging environmental factors often lead to the formation of gas hydrates, especially in the presence of moisture within the production fluidIn this study, A suggestion is made to employ an underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) to showcase the viability of real-time monitoring of pipeline health conditions, aiming to mitigate problems associated with hydrate formation in oil and gas pipelines. Additionally, A predictive analytical model for gas hydrate formation in these pipelines is crafted using Aspen HYSYS simulation and Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling. The development of this prediction model and the potential application of UWSN technology in the oil and gas production field could assist operators in making informed decisions regarding intervention processes for addressing hydrate-related challenges in pipelines.

Abstract

This study explores the silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO₂) green production via employing Eucalyptus globulus leaf extract and potassium metasilicate. Characterization methods, including FTIR, dynamic light scattering, SEM, Brunauer‒Emmett‒Teller analysis, and XRD. All these approaches were applied to get an in-depth comprehension of the nanoparticle’s properties. It was determined that the nanoparticles’ average size was 127 nm and 218 m²g^–1 surface area. In addition, the tests verified the SiO₂ nanoparticles’ purity and demonstrated the surface existence of many reactive groups. The effectiveness of the reactive SiO₂ nanoparticle groups were then assessed in a batch-mode adsorption under various operating parameters for the removal of malachite green dyes from aqueous solutions. The investigation examined the contact duration, pH, temperature, agitation speed, starting dye concentration, and quantity of nanomaterial on adsorption effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrated a remarkable removal efficiency of 96% for malachite green dye at an initial concentration of 100 ppm in the contaminated solution. Interestingly, the percentage removal exhibited an inverse relationship with dye concentration and temperature, while being directly proportional to other factors. Overall, the green-synthesized silicon dioxide nanoparticles proved to be a promising adsorbent for the effective removal of malachite green dye from aqueous environments. The results highlight the potential application of these nanoparticles in wastewater treatment and pollution mitigation, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for environmental challenges.

Catalysts for steam conversion of carbon monoxide of the composition 44 wt % CuО, 45 wt % ZnО, and 11 wt % Al₂О₃ were prepared by the mechanochemical procedure in the presence of oxalic acid. The catalysts were tested in steam conversion of carbon monoxide. The effect of oxalic acid introduced in the course of the synthesis on the specific surface area of the catalyst samples and on the catalyst performance with respect to carbon monoxide was demonstrated.

The coagulating power of cationic surfactants differing in the length of the radicals was evaluated. Decylpyridinium chloride, dodecylpyridinium chloride, cetylpyridinium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride were tested. The coagulant consumption corresponds to the consumption of the commercially used cationic polyelectrolyte, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride. A hypothesis concerning the disturbing effect of surfactants on the aggregative stability of latex systems was put forward. The surfactant actin mechanism based on micellar-globular interaction was suggested.

The positional isomerization of the double bond in α-olefins of С₁₆–С₁₈ fraction on Y-type zeolite with the faujasite-type crystal structure in the H form was studied. An increase in the silica ratio of the catalyst from 45 to 75 leads to the formation of isomerized olefins with lower congealing points. An increase in the catalyst concentration, temperature, and process time leads to the acceleration not only of the target reaction of the double bond migration but also of the side reaction of olefin oligomerization.