Folia haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)最新文献

Late haematopoietic changes were followed within 12-16 months after single whole body irradiation with the dose of 8 Gy. Permanently increased frequency of occurrence of cytopathologically altered leukocytes was observed in peripheral blood in irradiated animals as well as certain disorder of erythropoietic system. At the end of period followed the splenomegalia accompanied with marked macroscopic and microscopic changes was occurred. With simultaneous increase of occurrence of erythroblasts in peripheral blood the changes above are considered to be a symptom of erythroleukaemia.

One case of T-cell lymphoma with atypical malignant cells is reported. Some of the clinical features, morphological characteristics and functional activity (erythrophagocytosis) of malignant cells suggested malignant histiocytosis. The malignant disease started with splenomegaly and developed with hepatomegaly, bone marrow infiltration, discrete lymphadenopathy and leukaemic picture. Proliferated cells were characterized by ambiguity. In addition to phagocytic capability, presence of complement receptors and ultrastructural features proper to the macrophagic lineage, the cells expressed T-cell determinants (E receptors, T3, T4 and T11 antigens) and were peroxidase and esterase-negative. Erythrocytes were partially or completely dehaemoglobinized and presented the phenomenon of autolysis in different stages of development. Because this lymphoma is difficult to diagnose and apparently resistant to therapy, its recognition and further study are warranted.

Regulation of megakaryocyte and platelet production remains poorly understood. In culture system two separate activities are needed for maximum production of megakaryocyte progenitors: promotor of clonal expansion and promoter of maturation, other growth factors and cells also contribute to regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis. Increased proliferation of megakaryocytes is observed in myeloproliferative disorders and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and decreased proliferation is found in aplastic anaemia and hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia. Dysmegakaryocytopoiesis is present in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute leukaemia, and a proliferation of immature megakaryocytes in acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia. Increased understanding of human megakaryocytopoiesis is beginning to help in rational clinical management.

Treatment of donor bone marrow in vitro with both anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) and anti-mouse brain serum (RAMBS) inhibits the formation of haemopoietic spleen colonies in irradiated and reconstituted mice. This activity of the antisera may be completely (ATS) or partly (RAMBS) eliminated by absorption with thymocytes. The effect of the antisera is complement-independent. Most likely it depends on the existence and functionality of phagocytes (macrophages) in the recipients.

In a brief survey the impact on thrombocyte functions and thrombocyte values caused by heparin and its fractions is reported, with the acute and immuno-allergic form of heparin-induced thrombopenia being widely dealt with. Furthermore, the relationship between heparin and vessel wall, particularly then its endothelial layer, is discussed and finally, its impact on the mechanisms of fibrinolysis is reported.

Neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity has been studied in twenty one patients diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease. The presented data indicate no differences in total MPO activity, whereas we observed some differences in the percentage of granulocytes with different degree of scores. Changes in the intensity of reaction may indicate the possibility of exocytosis as a mechanism releasing MPO from the cell to the surrounding area. In peripheral, circulating neutrophils, such a phenomenon seems to be of no avail and may disorganise anti-cancer defence.

The effect of recombinant alpha interferon (INF) and of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) to the colony stimulating factor (CSF) production was examined with in vitro culture of the bone marrow of healthy and of aplastic anaemia (AA) persons. In healthy persons the supernatant of lymphocytes preincubated with PHA and ALG was found to show a stimulating effect to clonogenic properties of marrow progenitors, the mentioned effect being not in proportion to the concentration value. Similar properties are shown by interferon in these persons. In patients with aplastic anaemia, a considerable stimulating ALG effect to the granulocytic formation of colonies and a lesser stimulating effect of interferon were shown.

We found a significantly higher plasma fibronectin concentration in a group of nine cirrhotic patients who underwent surgical treatment for portal hypertension (either shunting and non shunting procedures) when compared to twenty non operated patients. Significantly shorter prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in the operated patients were found as well. These results might be related to an increased breakdown of fibronectin during consumption coagulopathy taking place in the extended collaterals and reversed in part by surgical treatment of portal hypertension complicating liver cirrhosis.

The phagocytic activity of peritoneal neutrophils was assessed using Bacto-Latex in 50 patients with chronic renal failure treated with intermittent peritoneal dialysis, and in 30 control patients with normal renal function. In the group of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis 20 were additionally investigated while developing peritonitis. A significant decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils was observed in the both dialysed groups, as compared with control subjects. Moreover, the phagocytic activity was significantly lower in patients with peritonitis as compared with dialysed patients without this complication.

The effect of synthetic polyanion dextran sulphate on the development and recovery of radiation-induced haemopoietic damage in mice was investigated. Dextran sulphate (mol. wt. 500,000 D) in the dose of 40 mg.kg-1 of body weight was injected i.p. 3 days before single total body irradiation with a dose of 7.8 Gy gamma-rays. The animals were examined from hour 6 to day 26 after irradiation, i.e. from hour 78 to day 29 after DS-treatment. In irradiated mice DS-pretreatment showed some positive effect on the CFU-S number in bone marrow (less in spleen and blood), bone marrow cellularity, attenuated the radiation-induced changes of erythrocytes (number, MCV) and of RNA concentration in blood. The changes of other parameters (spleen cellularity, liver CFU-S, leukocyte count and DNA concentration in blood) were the same as in unprotected animals. In conclusion, we can say that DS-pretreatment had a beneficial effect on the recovery of radiation-induced damage of erythropoiesis but not on granulopoiesis or lymphopoiesis.