Folia histochemica et cytochemica最新文献

The electron microprobe analyzer was used to study the chemical compositions of some pathogenic fungi for humans. Elementary analysis was based on the characteristic X-ray spectra generated by the electrons passing through the specimens. This is a non-destructive method allowing to perform multiple elementary analysis in the same tissue. In order to increase our understanding of pathogenic fungi, small pieces of fungi tissue were analyzed. The species examined were Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis and Fonsecaea pedrosoi.

The male accessory gland of Oxya velox includes fourteen pair of tubules opening into the ejaculatory duct. Histochemically these tubules can be distinguished into six types (AG1--AG6). Their secretion is the mixture of polysaccharides (Glycogen, sialomucin and neutral mucopolysaccharides), proteins (-NH2 and SH groups, tyrosine, tryptophan, histidine and arginine) and lipids (neutral and phospholipids). The possible role of the accessory glands based on their histochemical analysis has been speculated.

The effects of beta-mercaptoethanol on the mitotic index, phase index, condensation of chromatin in late G2 phase and in metaphase chromosomes, and on the content of protein -SH groups in successive developmental stages of antheridial filaments of Chara vulgaris L. were investigated. It has been shown earlier that as the development of antheridial filaments proceeds, the content of condensed chromatin in the late G2 phase increases, prophase duration shortens and metaphase chromosomes become more condensed. As cytophotometric measurements have shown, the concentration of the protein -SH groups is similar in all developmental stages, their total content, however, decreases in parallel with the shortening of cell length in successive generations. The more advanced developmental stage of antheridial filaments, the higher increase in the concentration of the protein -SH groups is induced by 2 h incubation with beta-mercaptoethanol. After 2 h incubation with beta-mercaptoethanol, the surface area of condensed chromatin decreases in late G2 phase, but the number of chromocenters remains unchanged, beta-mercaptoethanol does not modify the mitotic index but, beginning from the 4-celled stage, it increases the prophase index. In 1-,2-,4- and 8-celled antheridial filaments after 2 h incubation with beta-mercaptoethanol the chromosomes show a lower degree of condensation in about 30% of metaphases.

Mouse males aged 2, 4 weeks, and 2 months were given PMS and HCG hormones, and testosterone in intramuscular injections. Leydig cells obtained from treated animals were histochemically investigated for the activity of delta 5, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). PMS caused no statistically significant changes in the activity of delta 5, 3 beta-OH-SDH in any of the investigated age groups of mice. However, in all tested groups treated with HCG the amount of cells having very strong enzyme activity increased. Testosterone injected into mice induced decrease of delta 5, 3 beta-OH-SDH activity. Both under the influence of HCG and testosterone differences between control group and experimental ones were statistically significant.

The effect of two GABA-ergic drugs: aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) (37,5 mg/kg) and etomidate (2 X 10 mg/kg) on noradrenergic (NA) and dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the rat brain was studied using the Falck-Hillarp histofluorescence method for monoamines. Both drugs enhanced the catecholaminergic fluorescence in NA terminals in the cerebellar cortex, which suggests an increase in NA content there. This effect was blocked by pretreatment with picrotoxin, a Gaba receptor blocking compound. The increase in fluorescence was also observed in DA terminals in nucleus caudatus-putamen after AOAA (but not after etomidate) and this effect was blocked by picrotoxin in 3 out of 5 rats. The obtained results indicate that apart from previously described GABA-DA interaction in the striatum, there exists also GABA-NA interaction seen in the cerebellar cortex.

Investigations have been performed with the chloroform-methanol extract obtained from the grey matter of the rat brain, to find out if some of the fractions interfere with catecholamines in the reduction of Nitro-BT. The experiments were conducted on white Wistar rats, which were reserpinized with a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight through 24 hrs. The fractions which were prepared from the chloroform-methanol extract of the grey matter of the rat brain after reserpinisation were compared with fraction of the control animals. The spectrophotometric measurements of the reduced Nitro-BT to formazan have shown, that one of the fractions, namely the water fraction of the reserpinized rats had the extinction curve significantly decreased as compared with the water fraction of the control animals. This observation favours the view, that there can exist an interference of catecholamines with the substances present in the water fraction.

Comparison of indirect and direct methods applicable for the examination of radiation damage to melanoma cells leads to the conclusion that the only method useful for its detection appears to be the indirect method. The paper describes the principle, examples of radiobiological applications, and perspectives of future development of a new indirect method of measuring oxygen consumption by neoplastic cells under in vitro conditions. The method is based on the use of a spin label technique.

A histochemical study to determine the localisation of the sorbitol dehydrogenase (SoDH) during development of the chicken was performed. Kidney, liver and intestine of 7, 12 and 18 days old chicken embryos and adult chicken were used in the experiments. It was shown that the enzyme activity in kidneys is localised in the proximal convoluted tubules and in the Bowman's capsule; in the hepatic cells and in the absorption cells of the epithelium of the small intestine. The enzyme activity was localized in the cytoplasm of the cells which were stained whereas the nucleolus remained unstained. The relationship between the presence of the enzyme with the embryo cell differentiation process is postulated.

The effect of hydrocortisone and prednisone on accumulation of exogenous norepinephrine was tested in nervous tissue in vitro, taken from rats at various periods of the postnatal life. The results indicate that exogenous norepinephrine is taken up by either uptake1 or uptake2 or both, depending on the age of explant donors and the kind of the cell. Uptake1 appearing predominantly in the tissue from young animals, in first days of postnatal life, differs from the uptake2 in the cardiac muscle in that it is inhibited by hydrocortisone, inactive in this respect in the heart.

Hale's colloidal iron reaction for acid mucopolysaccharides was applied to semithin sections of Epon-embedded tissues routinely processed for electron microscopy. The reaction was found to be positive only after partial removal of the resin in NaOH/absolute ethanol solution; its sensitivity, however, did not reach that obtained in paraffin or frozen sections. The duration of the Epon-removing procedure seems to be crucial for the specificity of staining.