Folia histochemica et cytochemica最新文献

Endoscopic specimens of colonic mucosa from 40 ulcerative colitis patients were investigated. Specimens were taken from both sexes patients, aged 16-74 (means = 41 years). An average number of 5 biopsies was examined in each patient taken 10, 20, 40, 50 and 80 cm from rectum. Material was divided into 3 groups: 1. histologically confirmed ulcerative colitis (CU), 2. clinical diagnosis of CU in remission-histologically non specific inflammation, 3. functional disorders of the large bowel-histologically normal colonic mucosa. The latter was a control group. Biopsies were fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide. Ultrastructural examination was performed on Epon sections in Tesla BS-500 electron microscope operating at 60 kV. A Lausanne classification of endocrine cells was used in the study. The most common were EC cells, followed by PP, D1 and L respectively. In the first group of patients damaged endocrine cells were more commonly observed. These destructive changes were: vacuolisation of cytoplasm, degranulation and discharge of endocrine granules into intercellular space and degradation of the entire cells.

In 55 patients with diabetes mellitus metabolically balanced the activity and intracellular localization of acid phosphatase has been estimated by means of semiquantitative method of Barka and Anderson [3] in peripheral blood lymphocytes. It has been shown that patients in question, both insulin-dependent and those with overweight, in comparison to control group, exhibit more than twofold lower numbers of lymphocytes having intact enzyme positive lysosomes and more than twofold higher numbers of that cells with damaged lysosomes and extralysosomal localisation of the enzyme. According to authors suggestion the above changes may be associated with disturbed lymphocyte functions in the patients with diabetes mellitus.

The presentation deals with the distribution of alkaline phosphatase (GP-AII) and acetylcholinesterase (CHO-A) in the hind brain of Channa punctatus, and Heteropneustes fossils and the following results have been obtained: CHO-A is localized only in the neurons. The motor neurons show a stronger staining than the sensory neurons. In Heteropneustes the sensory nuclei of the VIIth and Xth nerve are better developed and show stronger activity of CHO-A than Channa. In Channa, motor nuclei are better developed and show stronger activity of CHO-A than in Heteropneustes. Irrespective of their sensory or motor nature, all the cranial nerve nuclei exhibit a strong GP-AII activity. Purkinje cells of Heteropneustes show stronger activity of GP-AII than Channa. The functional significance of the enzyme as compared with other vertebrates is discussed.

It was found that diazo dye used for histochemical reaction of nonspecific esterases may influence on the localisation of the reaction product.

Cytophotometric determinations of cytoplasmic RNA were performed at various hours in normal mice and those given a single injection of mercuric citrate or lead citrate. A cosinor analysis of the results has revealed a marked reduction of the amplitude of the rhythm of RNA content a shift of the acrophase to earlier hours in the experimental animals. Moreover, administration of the tested compounds caused a general reduction of the RNA content in the hypothalami.

The activity of nonspecific esterases was studied in the bone marrow cells of mice after single intraperitoneal injections of Con A and PHA-M in the dose of 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight. Samples were collected 24, 72 and 120 hours after the injection of lectins. A cellular reaction to the activity of nonspecific esterases was tested after the method of Heckner using naphthol chloroacetate AS-D as an esterase substrate. In the control group the cells belonging to the granulocytic system except these being in mature forms, showed an apparent activity. A negative esterase reaction was revealed also in megakaryocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. The administration of Con A intensified the esterase reaction in the cells belonging to the granulocytic series, except the mature forms. The esterase activity appeared in megakaryocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. Most numerous changes in the activity were noted 72 hours following the injection. PHA-M was found to exert a reverse effect, weakening the esterase reaction in comparison to both the controls and the Con A--group.

With histochemical methods the activity and topography of the oxo-reductive enzymes of the liver acini was investigated in control animals and in animals after anaphylactic shock. The observed disturbances in enzyme activity are probably related with changes developing in the mitochondrial membranes of the hepatocytes. The decrease of enzyme activity of the nonspecific alfanapthylacetate esterase in liver cells of animals after anaphylactic shock may be indicative of the impairment of the function of the microsomes in the hepatocytes.

Effect of the beam emitted by a helium-neon (He-Ne) laser of a low power (2.8 mW) on the activity of delta 5, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (delta 5, 3 beta-HSD), as well as on the estradiol and progesterone production was studied in cultured granulosa cells obtained from porcine ovary. It has been found that the laser beam stimulates the activity of steroid dehydrogenase, increases estrogen levels and exerts a variable influence on the progesterone level. In control cultures the highest level of both hormones occurred simultaneously, while in cultures exposed to the laser beam progesterone level rose at a slower rate and reached maximum when the estrogen level dropped. Hyperplasia and epithelisation were observed only in the experimental cultures. The most intense cytochemical reaction for delta 5, 3 beta-HSD, as well as the most pronounced increase in estrogen and progesterone level occurred in cells exposed to a pulsating beam for 60 sec.

In the present work, cytochemical studies of mucosubstances, 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and lipids in the different cellular types of chick embryo female gonads were performed, at 7, 11, 15, and 19 days of embryonal development. Oocytes from the cortical zone of the left ovary were characterized by the presence of a juxtanuclear cytoplasmic cap, which was basophilic, PAS positive, alcianophilic and acidophilic and was related to Balbiani's vitelline body. These staining characteristics either decreased or disappeared from 15 days in oocytes of the normal left ovary medulla as well as in oocytes of the atrophic right ovary.

The investigations have been carried out on 116 guinea pigs divided in three groups: the control (first group), the experimental group with animals after acute anaphylactic shock (second group), the animals after histaminic shock (third group). The animals of the experimental (second) group were sensitized with 25% egg white suspension in 0.9% NaCl applied subcutaneously. The same animals were exposed to the action of the antigen in aerosol (second group). The healthy animals were exposed to the action of 1% solution of dihydrochloride histamine (third group). In acute anaphylactic shock a decrease of histoenzymatic activity of phosphorylase A and branching enzyme in liver parenchyma was observed. It has been concluded that in anaphylactic shock there occurred disturbances in the function of the phosphorylase A--branching enzyme system. In histaminic shock the phosphorylase reaction becomes intensified in numerous liver cells. This is possible because the exogenic histamine may lead to the activation of the enzymatic system under studies.