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Editorial Note on Lanthanum (III) TriggersAtrbohD and Jasmonic Corrosive Ward Fundamental Endocytosis in Plants 镧(III)触发因子satbohd和茉莉酸腐蚀作用对植物基本内吞作用的影响
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.40
John D. Edwards
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引用次数: 0
Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Medicinal and Food Plants 药用和食用植物的植物化学和抗氧化分析
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.35
J. Dane
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引用次数: 0
Learning and Memory Enhancing Effects of BacoLive andreg; (An Enriched Composition of Bacopa monnieri Extract) in Scopolamine Induced Memory Impaired Mice 枸杞子甙对学习记忆的增强作用东莨菪碱诱导小鼠记忆损伤的研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.32
A. Sudhakar, J. Shantakumar, Prasad Cp, Joseph Mv
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the learning and memory enhancement activity of BacoLive® (a composition enriched with bacosides from Bacopa monnieri) in various experimental models i.e., passive shock avoidance test, Y- maze test and novel object recognition test. Methodology: BacoLive® was administered for 7 days at the dose of 100, and 200 mg/kg to mice in passive shock avoidance test, Y-Maze test and in novel object recognition test. Scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg) was used to induce memory (amnesia) loss and piracetam (200 mg/kg) served as reference standard. After 7 days, cognitive and memory scales were measured as per standard test protocols. Results: In the passive shock test for memory, BacoLive ® reduced the latency to reach the shock free zone compared to amnesia induced group. In the Y-maze test, the number of arm entries failed to memorize the new space was decreased with BacoLive ® group compared to amnesia induced group. In the new object recognition test, BacoLIve ® improved the percentage preference for new object recognition compared to amnesia induced group. Conclusion: Based on the present study and findings, BacoLive® demonstrated learning and memory enhancing effects and reversed memory loss effects induced by scopolamine in mice, which suggest its beneficial role in conditions associated with memory and learning dysfunctions. Study indicates that bacopa extract justifies its traditional use in Ayurveda for memory related complications associated with neuro degeneration and stress.
目的:研究BacoLive®(一种富含假马齿苋皂苷的组合物)在被动避冲击、Y迷宫和新物体识别等实验模型中的学习记忆增强作用。方法:以100、200 mg/kg剂量给药BacoLive®,连续7天进行被动避震试验、Y-Maze试验和新物体识别试验。以东莨菪碱(0.5 mg/kg)诱导记忆丧失,吡拉西坦(200 mg/kg)为对照品。7 d后,按标准测试方案测量认知和记忆量表。结果:在被动休克记忆试验中,与失忆诱导组相比,BacoLive®减少了到达无休克区的潜伏期。在y迷宫测试中,与失忆诱导组相比,BacoLive®组手臂进入失败的次数减少。在新目标识别测试中,与失忆症诱导组相比,BacoLIve®提高了对新目标识别的偏好百分比。结论:基于目前的研究和发现,BacoLive®在小鼠中表现出学习和记忆增强作用,并逆转东莨菪碱诱导的记忆丧失效应,这表明其在记忆和学习功能障碍相关的条件下具有有益作用。研究表明,假马齿苋提取物证明了其在阿育吠陀中用于与神经退化和压力相关的记忆相关并发症的传统用途。
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引用次数: 1
Editorial Note on Antibiotics against Different Bacterial Isolates from Skin infection 抗生素对皮肤感染中不同细菌分离株的作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.12
Michael John Smith
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引用次数: 0
Herbal Small Molecules Turned into Sustained Release Hydrogels 草药小分子转化为缓释水凝胶
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.28
Vinay Kumar
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引用次数: 0
The use of herbal products during pregnancy: which is the risk perception 怀孕期间使用草药产品:这是风险认知
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.1.2
A. Vitalone, Olta Allkanjari, Federico Durazzi, M. Guizzetti, Vincenzo Ale, ri Annabella Vitalone
The aim of the study was to assess women habits during pregnancy, the prevalence of use of herbal products and the awareness about the related risk of adverse reactions. A total of 279 interviewees, at Polyclinic Umberto I (Rome, Italy), completed the questionnaire that examined descriptive and analytical aspects about herbal products. The majority quit smoking and drinking alcohol, but consumed regularly herbal products, often associated with drug therapies. Pregnant women considered herbal products less dangerous than other medications, even if some dermatological and gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported. Gynecologist and herbalist represent the primary source of information about herbal products, while the most common place of purchase is the pharmacy. Pregnant women appear mindful about the risks of smoking, alcohol and medications. On the contrary, their knowledge about the risk/ benefit profile of herbal products is limited. Therefore, information strategies and surveillance programs about the safety of herbal products should be implemented in the context of public health.
该研究的目的是评估妇女在怀孕期间的习惯,使用草药产品的流行程度以及对相关不良反应风险的认识。翁贝托I综合诊所(意大利罗马)共有279名受访者完成了调查问卷,调查了草药产品的描述性和分析性方面。大多数人戒烟戒酒,但定期食用草药产品,通常与药物治疗有关。孕妇认为草药产品比其他药物更危险,即使有一些皮肤和胃肠道不良反应的报道。妇科医生和草药医生是草药产品信息的主要来源,而最常见的购买地点是药房。孕妇似乎注意到吸烟、饮酒和药物的风险。相反,他们对草药产品的风险/收益概况的了解是有限的。因此,应在公共卫生的背景下实施有关草药产品安全性的信息战略和监测计划。
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引用次数: 3
Quality of Different Brands of Metronidazole Available in Jimma Town, South West Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional PharmaceuticalQuality Study 埃塞俄比亚西南部Jimma镇不同品牌甲硝唑的质量:一项横断面药品质量研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.2.10
Teshome Sosengo, Tesfaye Mohammed, Ramanjireddy Tatiparthi
Background: Poor quality medicines include substandard and falsified (i.e., counterfeited) medicines. WHO report of 2017 estimates that the rates of substandard and falsified medical products in low- and middle-income countries is approximately 10.5% with an estimated spend of US$ 30.5 billion. Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the quality of different brands of metronidazole available in Jimma town, Oromia region, South West Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma town, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The study was conducted from May 03 – July 30, 2018. Samples were collected using convenience sampling technique. The samples were analyzed using a methods specified in British Pharmacopoeia 2013 and United States Pharmacopoeia 2015. The assay result of all the seven brands of metronidazole and dissolution test result of the three brands of metronidazole capsules was entered to statistical package for social sciences software version 24.0 for windows. Then, one way analysis of variance was performed using Tukey test to determine whether there exists significant difference in assay and dissolution test results within and among the brands of the respective dosage forms (p<0.05). Results and Discussion: The quality of brands (three Metronidazole capsules and four Metronidazole injections brands) of Metronidazole was assessed based up on a method specified in BP 2013 and USP 2015. All the seven brands of Metronidazole analyzed for quality passed identity test specification of BP 2013. The three brands of Metronidazole capsules passed weight uniformity and dissolution test specification of USP 2015. The seven brands of Metronidazole passed assay (i.e., drug content) test specification of USP 2015. The highest percentage of drug content, 107.81% and 105.56%, obtained for Metronidazole (generic) (capsule), Nirmet (injection) respectively. However, statistical comparison of assay of respective brands of the respective dosage forms at 95% confidence interval indicates that there exists significant difference in assay within and among the brands of the respective dosage forms (p<0.05). All the four brands of Metronidazole injections passed USP 2015 limit for Endotoxin, Endotoxin limit < 0.35 Eu/ml. Two brands of Metronidazole injection, Aldezol and Metris, failed sterility test from the four brands of Metronidazole injections included in the study and hence of poor quality. The pH of Metronidazole injections were within BP 2013 specification range. Conclusion: The result of the current study revealed that there was incidence of poor quality Metronidazole in Jimma town. Therefore, post marketing quality assessment should be performed routinely to determine quality status of the drug on market.
背景:劣质药品包括不合格和伪造(即假药)药品。世卫组织2017年的报告估计,低收入和中等收入国家的不合格和伪造医疗产品率约为10.5%,估计支出为305亿美元。目的:对埃塞俄比亚西南部奥罗米亚地区Jimma镇不同品牌甲硝唑的质量进行评价。方法:在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州Jimma镇进行横断面研究。该研究于2018年5月3日至7月30日进行。采用方便取样技术采集样本。样品采用2013年英国药典和2015年美国药典规定的方法进行分析。将7个品牌甲硝唑的检测结果和3个品牌甲硝唑胶囊的溶出度检测结果输入window社会科学软件24.0版统计软件包中。然后采用Tukey检验进行单因素方差分析,确定各剂型品牌内及品牌间含量测定和溶出度试验结果是否存在显著差异(p<0.05)。结果与讨论:按照《英国药典2013》和《美国药典2015》规定的方法,对3种甲硝唑胶囊和4种甲硝唑注射剂品牌进行了质量评价。所分析的7个品牌的甲硝唑均通过了BP 2013的一致性检测规范。三个品牌的甲硝唑胶囊均通过了USP 2015的重量均匀度和溶出度试验规范。7个品牌的甲硝唑均通过了USP 2015的测定(即药物含量)检验规范。甲硝唑(仿制药)胶囊和尼美特(注射剂)的药物含量最高,分别为107.81%和105.56%。但在95%置信区间对各剂型各品牌含量进行统计比较,各剂型各品牌内部含量和各品牌之间含量差异显著(p<0.05)。4个品牌的甲硝唑注射液均通过了USP 2015内毒素限量,内毒素限量< 0.35 Eu/ml。在纳入研究的4个品牌的甲硝唑注射液中,Aldezol和Metris两个品牌的甲硝唑注射液无菌检测不合格,质量较差。甲硝唑注射液pH值在BP 2013标准范围内。结论:本研究结果表明,吉马镇存在劣质甲硝唑的发生率。因此,应定期进行上市后质量评估,以确定药品在市场上的质量状况。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on the Medicinal Plant:Indian Calosanthes 药用植物——印度花椒的研究进展
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.12
Jain Pk, S. Arora, Y. Pounikar
Therapeutic properties of Indian Calosanthes plant (Oroxylum indicum L. Kurz) are known for hundreds of years to various civilizations of the world. Therapeutic explorations of medicinal properties of Oroxylum indicum have been taken place mostly after the middle of the 20th century. In the present review, we discuss the efforts have been made to summarize different aspects of scientific studies on this medicinal plant. Scientific evidences are available on various medicinal aspects i. e. anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory, nephro-protective, cardio-protective, etc. to name a few. Most of these evidences are based on in-vitro and experimental studies.
印度花椒植物(Oroxylum indicum L. Kurz)的治疗特性在世界各种文明中都有数百年的历史。早在20世纪中期以后,人们就开始对其药用特性进行探索。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了对这种药用植物的不同方面的科学研究所做的努力。在抗微生物、抗糖尿病、护肝、抗炎、抗癌、免疫调节、肾保护、心脏保护等各个医学方面都有科学证据。这些证据大多是基于体外和实验研究。
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引用次数: 0
Protective Effects of Delonix regia Leave Extract on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats 龙葵叶提取物对亚砷酸钠致大鼠肝毒性的保护作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.15
C. Madu, B. Inyang, K. C. Nwachukwu, Maxwell M. Nwegbu, L. A. Alli, Michael P. Okoh
Nature provides rich sources of structurally diverse phytochemicals with medicinal relevance and biological activities. Sodium arsenite has been recognized as a worldwide health concern due to its teratogenicity effects on animals. Natural plants are considered as a possible protective agent against arsenic induced toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Delonix regia leave extracts on sodium arsenite induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Animals were randomly divided into six groups of five per group. Group A (control) received distilled water for fourteen (14) days. Group B received 2.5 mg/kg body weight Sodium Arsenite, group C received 100 mg/kg of leave extract and 2.5 mg/kg of sodium arsenite, Group D received 400 mg/kg of leave extract and 2.5 mg/kg of sodium arsenite, Group E received 100 mg/kg of leave extract, Group F received 400 mg/kg of leave extract only. On the fourteen day all the animals were sacrificed. Biochemical parameters such as plasma Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Aspartate amino transferase (AST) Alkaline phosphate (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) total protein (TP) were evaluated. Sodium arsenite in rat triggers significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP, TP, and GGT (p<0.05 level). Upon treatments with Delonix regia leave extract, it decreases the concentration of GGT, AST and ALP compared to the negative control. Group treated with the extract alone showed no adverse effects on the liver parameters. Results from this study suggest that, the administration of Delonix regia leave extract confer some protective effects on the liver.
自然界提供了结构多样的具有药用价值和生物活性的植物化学物质的丰富来源。亚砷酸钠因其对动物的致畸作用已被公认为世界范围内的健康问题。天然植物被认为是抗砷毒性的可能保护剂。本研究旨在探讨龙葵叶提取物对亚砷酸钠所致大鼠肝毒性的保护作用。动物被随机分为6组,每组5只。A组(对照组)连续14天饮用蒸馏水。B组给予2.5 mg/kg体重亚砷酸钠,C组给予100 mg/kg体重叶提取物和2.5 mg/kg体重亚砷酸钠,D组给予400 mg/kg体重叶提取物和2.5 mg/kg体重亚砷酸钠,E组给予100 mg/kg体重叶提取物,F组只给予400 mg/kg体重叶提取物。在第14天,所有的动物都被献祭。测定血浆丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT)总蛋白(TP)等生化指标。亚砷酸钠引起大鼠ALT、AST、ALP、TP、GGT显著升高(p<0.05)。与阴性对照相比,龙葵叶提取物降低了GGT、AST和ALP的浓度。单独给药组对肝脏各项指标无不良影响。本研究结果提示,龙葵叶提取物对肝脏具有一定的保护作用。
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引用次数: 1
Homoeopathy in the Treatment of Diabetes: A Review 顺势疗法治疗糖尿病的研究进展
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.2.8
S. Monika, S. Shilpi, Verma Digvijay
Diabetes is one of the most fearsome concerns of the modern world. As the man has evolved he has tried to ease his life with inventions and technologies. These have led to unfit lifestyle changes and have caused a havoc on his health. The unhealthy lifestyle has resulted in various diseases one of which is diabetes. Diabetes is the inability of the body to process glucose leading to an increased level of glucose in the blood while the cells are deprived of it. A lot of work has been done and is still under process to curb the prevalence of this disorder. Homoeopathy is one such area of medicine that has had some success in the treatment of diabetes. Homoeopathy uses natural materials such as plants, animals, minerals to prepare medicines from. Plants form a major portion of homoeopathic medicines. Plants such as Syzygium jambolanum, Gymnema sylvestre, etc. have long been used to treat diabetes traditionally as well as in homoeopathy. These plants act in reducing the blood glucose level. It is therefore important that we focus more and more research on such easily and naturally available materials. It will not only reduce the load on pharma companies but will also make health care available to more and more people.
糖尿病是现代世界最可怕的问题之一。随着人类的进化,他试图用发明和技术来缓解他的生活。这些导致了不健康的生活方式的改变,并对他的健康造成了严重破坏。不健康的生活方式导致了各种疾病,其中之一就是糖尿病。糖尿病是身体无法处理葡萄糖,导致血液中葡萄糖水平升高,而细胞却被剥夺了葡萄糖。为了遏制这种疾病的流行,已经做了很多工作,而且仍在进行中。顺势疗法就是这样一个医学领域,在治疗糖尿病方面取得了一些成功。顺势疗法利用植物、动物、矿物质等天然物质来配制药物。植物是顺势疗法药物的主要成分。传统上和顺势疗法中长期使用的植物如金合藤、金合藤等来治疗糖尿病。这些植物有降低血糖水平的作用。因此,重要的是我们越来越多地关注这些容易和自然获得的材料的研究。这不仅将减轻制药公司的负担,而且还将使越来越多的人获得医疗保健。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics
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