Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.39
Chilukuri Revathi Sreelekha, N. Sahoo
This short article reviews approaches as well as concerns pertinent to an evaluation on Security suggesting HPLC technique development. High Performance Fluid Chromatography (HPLC) is a vital analytical device in assessing medication item stability. HPLC techniques must have the ability to divide, detect and evaluate the numerous drug-related impurities that may be presented throughout synthesis. It further understands the chemistry of the drug compound and drug item and also assists in the development of stability suggesting logical methodology. A number of crucial chromatographic variables were evaluated in order to optimize the detection of all possibly relevant degrades. The technique ought to be meticulously checked out for its capability to distinguish the primary drug elements from the pollutants. New chemical entities as well as drug items should go through forced destruction research studies which would be helpful in developing as well as demonstrating the uniqueness of such security indicating techniques. At every stage of drug growth useful recommendations are offered which will certainly aid to stay clear of failures. The proposed HPLC technique was discovered to be straightforward and reputable for the regular synchronised analysis of paracetamol thiamine as well as pyridoxal phosphate in tablet computer formulations. Total splitting up of analysts in the visibility of deterioration products indicated selectivity of the approach.
{"title":"A Review on Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation using HPLC and PDA","authors":"Chilukuri Revathi Sreelekha, N. Sahoo","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.39","url":null,"abstract":"This short article reviews approaches as well as concerns pertinent to an evaluation on Security suggesting HPLC technique development. High Performance Fluid Chromatography (HPLC) is a vital analytical device in assessing medication item stability. HPLC techniques must have the ability to divide, detect and evaluate the numerous drug-related impurities that may be presented throughout synthesis. It further understands the chemistry of the drug compound and drug item and also assists in the development of stability suggesting logical methodology. A number of crucial chromatographic variables were evaluated in order to optimize the detection of all possibly relevant degrades. The technique ought to be meticulously checked out for its capability to distinguish the primary drug elements from the pollutants. New chemical entities as well as drug items should go through forced destruction research studies which would be helpful in developing as well as demonstrating the uniqueness of such security indicating techniques. At every stage of drug growth useful recommendations are offered which will certainly aid to stay clear of failures. The proposed HPLC technique was discovered to be straightforward and reputable for the regular synchronised analysis of paracetamol thiamine as well as pyridoxal phosphate in tablet computer formulations. Total splitting up of analysts in the visibility of deterioration products indicated selectivity of the approach.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80884163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.16
A. Sudhakar, Shantakumar, Joseph Mv
Objective: The enriched Boswellia extract (Olibose®) and Regular Boswellic acid extract (RBAE) prepared from the resin of Boswellia serrata were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF) Cells In-vitro. Methodolgy: Anti-inflammatory activity was determined by inducing inflammation on HDF and L929 cell lines. After the induction of inflammation, cells were treated with Olibose®, RBAE extracts and standard inflammatory drug Dexamethasone. Levels of Inflammatory markers i.e., TNF-α and NO (Nitric oxide) were measured and anti-inflammatory efficacy was assessed. Results: Results of the present study revealed that, the enriched extract (Olibose®) possess better anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with RBAE. Conclusion: In this study, Olibose® exhibited dose dependant anti-inflammatory activity against LPS induced induction of TNF-α and NO in HDF cells. Olibose® was found to have better anti-inflammatory activity than RBAE in vitro. Since arthiritis/ osteoarthiritis are associated with inflammation, this study proves that Olibose® can be used to reduce above said complications.
{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Enriched Boswellia Extract in Human Dermal Fibroblast Cells In-vitro","authors":"A. Sudhakar, Shantakumar, Joseph Mv","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The enriched Boswellia extract (Olibose®) and Regular Boswellic acid extract (RBAE) prepared from the resin of Boswellia serrata were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF) Cells In-vitro. Methodolgy: Anti-inflammatory activity was determined by inducing inflammation on HDF and L929 cell lines. After the induction of inflammation, cells were treated with Olibose®, RBAE extracts and standard inflammatory drug Dexamethasone. Levels of Inflammatory markers i.e., TNF-α and NO (Nitric oxide) were measured and anti-inflammatory efficacy was assessed. Results: Results of the present study revealed that, the enriched extract (Olibose®) possess better anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with RBAE. Conclusion: In this study, Olibose® exhibited dose dependant anti-inflammatory activity against LPS induced induction of TNF-α and NO in HDF cells. Olibose® was found to have better anti-inflammatory activity than RBAE in vitro. Since arthiritis/ osteoarthiritis are associated with inflammation, this study proves that Olibose® can be used to reduce above said complications.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87929081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.21
Kishan Kumar
{"title":"Editorial Note on Phytotoxicity","authors":"Kishan Kumar","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89177222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.26
Aatkah Naseer
Approximately 80% of the coronary artery anomalies are not malignant and asymptomatic. Abnormal origin of the coronary artery has a variable presentation in the young population such as atypical chest pain or unexpected cardiac death. It is necessary to identify these anomalies, as lethal outcomes can be prevented with appropriate treatment and management. Left coronary artery abnormally arising from the right coronary cusp is rare and can be life-threatening if it follows the track between the aorta and pulmonary artery. The second most common cause of sudden cardiac deaths in the young population especially in athletes is coronary artery anomalies following hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The case presented here is about abnormally arising left coronary artery following the course between the right ventricle outflow tract and aorta. The patient presented with the non-ST segment elevation-acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) for the first time but after 15 months he again presented with ST segment elevation-acute coronary syndrome (STE -ACS) for which he underwent Primary percutaneous coronary intervention of Right coronary artery and for anomalous left coronary artery he was managed conservatively as per patient request.
{"title":"Anomalous Left Coronary Artery Arising from the Right Coronary Sinus Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome","authors":"Aatkah Naseer","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.26","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 80% of the coronary artery anomalies are not malignant and asymptomatic. Abnormal origin of the coronary artery has a variable presentation in the young population such as atypical chest pain or unexpected cardiac death. It is necessary to identify these anomalies, as lethal outcomes can be prevented with appropriate treatment and management. Left coronary artery abnormally arising from the right coronary cusp is rare and can be life-threatening if it follows the track between the aorta and pulmonary artery. The second most common cause of sudden cardiac deaths in the young population especially in athletes is coronary artery anomalies following hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The case presented here is about abnormally arising left coronary artery following the course between the right ventricle outflow tract and aorta. The patient presented with the non-ST segment elevation-acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) for the first time but after 15 months he again presented with ST segment elevation-acute coronary syndrome (STE -ACS) for which he underwent Primary percutaneous coronary intervention of Right coronary artery and for anomalous left coronary artery he was managed conservatively as per patient request.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76696772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.31
P. P
{"title":"Editorial Note on Large Variation in antiSARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence amongEssential Workers","authors":"P. P","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81231920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.30
Vinay Kumar
{"title":"Phyto Chemicals of Restorative Plants","authors":"Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86231880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.34
Z. Ramzi
COVID-19 signs and symptoms are different among patients, some situation leads to organ and system failure and is considered as threaten to the whole society. The aim of this paper is assessing the common risk factors of mortality COVID-19 patients in Sulaimaniyah city. Data were collected from the records of Sulaimaniyah Health directorate from June to September 2020. A total 448 confirmed cases’ files have been investigated. The findings showed that highest number (63%) of the patients were male. Furthermore, regarding the age of the patients, the mean age was 60 years old (SD 13.95). It is reported that maximum number (92%) of the patients had breathing difficulties. About the comorbidities of the patients, diabetes mellitus was reported highest (n=57, 13%) as chronic disease among the cases who died with COVID-19., the results were statistically significant (P value < 0.05). The research showed that males had highest percentage of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular in comparison to females.
{"title":"Risk Factors of Mortality among COVID-19 Patients in Sulaimaniyah City Kurdistan Region Iraq","authors":"Z. Ramzi","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.34","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 signs and symptoms are different among patients, some situation leads to organ and system failure and is considered as threaten to the whole society. The aim of this paper is assessing the common risk factors of mortality COVID-19 patients in Sulaimaniyah city. Data were collected from the records of Sulaimaniyah Health directorate from June to September 2020. A total 448 confirmed cases’ files have been investigated. The findings showed that highest number (63%) of the patients were male. Furthermore, regarding the age of the patients, the mean age was 60 years old (SD 13.95). It is reported that maximum number (92%) of the patients had breathing difficulties. About the comorbidities of the patients, diabetes mellitus was reported highest (n=57, 13%) as chronic disease among the cases who died with COVID-19., the results were statistically significant (P value < 0.05). The research showed that males had highest percentage of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular in comparison to females.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81025244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.13
Masoumeh Sadeghi, Shahrouz Kabiri, A. Amerizadeh, K. Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, G. Masoumi, Zahra Teimouri-Jervekani
Background: Anethum graveolens L. (dill) has been used as traditional medicinal plant for abdominal discomfort, colic, sleep disprders and for promoting digestion since ancient times. Recently, lipid-lowering effect of dill has been noticed. Aim of the study: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of dill supplementation on human serum lipid profile. Methods: A systematic search for English published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed up to December 2019 covering PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Coherence library. Inclusion criteria were RCT study design, at least one of lipid profile components (triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C) levels measured before dill use and also reported as result. The pooled weighted mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Pooled data of six RCTs involving 171 intervention cases indicated that dill supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in mean serum total cholesterol (MD 95% CI=-3.71 (-5.71,-1.70); p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-1.51 (-2.65,-0.47); p=0.005), triglycerides (MD 95% CI=-2.48 (-3.98,-0.98); p=0.001) and interestingly high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-2.19 (-3.58,-0.81); p=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed that dill use was more effective in lowering triglyceride in both hyperlipidemic patients, MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.02) and type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.64 (-5.69,-1.58); p=0.001). Dill use reduced the LDL levels more effectively in patients with type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.03). Conclusion: Dill supplementation significantly improved LDL-C, TG and TC levels but not HDL-C. Further high quality controlled clinical trials on human is needed for more accurate and confirm conclusion.
{"title":"Effect of Anethum graveolens L. (Dill)Consumption on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Masoumeh Sadeghi, Shahrouz Kabiri, A. Amerizadeh, K. Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, G. Masoumi, Zahra Teimouri-Jervekani","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.9.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anethum graveolens L. (dill) has been used as traditional medicinal plant for abdominal discomfort, colic, sleep disprders and for promoting digestion since ancient times. Recently, lipid-lowering effect of dill has been noticed. Aim of the study: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of dill supplementation on human serum lipid profile. Methods: A systematic search for English published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed up to December 2019 covering PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Coherence library. Inclusion criteria were RCT study design, at least one of lipid profile components (triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C) levels measured before dill use and also reported as result. The pooled weighted mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Pooled data of six RCTs involving 171 intervention cases indicated that dill supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in mean serum total cholesterol (MD 95% CI=-3.71 (-5.71,-1.70); p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-1.51 (-2.65,-0.47); p=0.005), triglycerides (MD 95% CI=-2.48 (-3.98,-0.98); p=0.001) and interestingly high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-2.19 (-3.58,-0.81); p=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed that dill use was more effective in lowering triglyceride in both hyperlipidemic patients, MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.02) and type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.64 (-5.69,-1.58); p=0.001). Dill use reduced the LDL levels more effectively in patients with type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.03). Conclusion: Dill supplementation significantly improved LDL-C, TG and TC levels but not HDL-C. Further high quality controlled clinical trials on human is needed for more accurate and confirm conclusion.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75661352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.23
Kishan Kumar
{"title":"Editorial Note on Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Oil and its Development","authors":"Kishan Kumar","doi":"10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2321-2748.21.9.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89584564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.21767/2321-2748.100329
R. Wilcox, Eric D. Huseman, Stacy Lin, Belinda O Darkwah, M. Emeje, K. Gamaniel, A. Orisadipe, N. Enwerem, B. Kefas, Rebecca J. Gryka, D. Simpson, S. Amos
Objective: Natural products have served as sources of lead compounds that are commonly used in the treatment of human diseases including cancer. Pavetta crassipes has been widely demonstrated to have ethnopharmacological potential in the management of malaria, gastrointestinal conditions, central nervous system behavioral disorders, hypertension, and cancer. The goal of our study was to evaluate the biological and molecular effects of Fraction G, obtained from the plant Pavetta crassipes, on glioblastoma invasive growth and survival. Methodology: The antiproliferative effects of Fraction G, obtained from Pavetta crassipes, was evaluated using the trypan blue exclusion, (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol- 2yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide; MTT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Flow cytometry and Western blotting analyses were carried out to examine the effects of Fraction G on cell cycle check-points and its effects on epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling of AKT and MAPK pathways. Results: In this paper, we report that the Fraction G obtained from the plant Pavetta crassipes induced a reduction in glioma cell viability and proliferation as well as induced an increase in apoptosis as evidenced by cleaved PARP, increased caspase 3/7 activity, and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 check point. Furthermore, we report that Fraction G inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and MAPK following EGF treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrate that Fraction G has potent inhibitory effects on pathways involved in glioblastoma proliferation and survival.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of Bioactive Fraction G Extracted from Pavetta crassipes in Malignant Brain Tumor Cell Lines","authors":"R. Wilcox, Eric D. Huseman, Stacy Lin, Belinda O Darkwah, M. Emeje, K. Gamaniel, A. Orisadipe, N. Enwerem, B. Kefas, Rebecca J. Gryka, D. Simpson, S. Amos","doi":"10.21767/2321-2748.100329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2321-2748.100329","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Natural products have served as sources of lead compounds that are commonly used in the treatment of human diseases including cancer. Pavetta crassipes has been widely demonstrated to have ethnopharmacological potential in the management of malaria, gastrointestinal conditions, central nervous system behavioral disorders, hypertension, and cancer. The goal of our study was to evaluate the biological and molecular effects of Fraction G, obtained from the plant Pavetta crassipes, on glioblastoma invasive growth and survival. Methodology: The antiproliferative effects of Fraction G, obtained from Pavetta crassipes, was evaluated using the trypan blue exclusion, (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol- 2yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide; MTT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Flow cytometry and Western blotting analyses were carried out to examine the effects of Fraction G on cell cycle check-points and its effects on epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling of AKT and MAPK pathways. Results: In this paper, we report that the Fraction G obtained from the plant Pavetta crassipes induced a reduction in glioma cell viability and proliferation as well as induced an increase in apoptosis as evidenced by cleaved PARP, increased caspase 3/7 activity, and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 check point. Furthermore, we report that Fraction G inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and MAPK following EGF treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrate that Fraction G has potent inhibitory effects on pathways involved in glioblastoma proliferation and survival.","PeriodicalId":7592,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88235462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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