International journal of zoonoses最新文献

The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of Cysticercus cellulosae in various forms of Thai native food (Nham). Four duplicated experiments were carried out and represent as in the average values. The results revealed that under the room temperature (27-30 degrees C), the intact C. cellulosae in Nham could survive as long as 12-18 hours after preparation while isolated C. cellulosae and C. cellulosae in a piece of 2 X 9 cm. of pork in 0.85% saline could survive as long as 60 and 66 hours, respectively. The Cysticercus in other ingredients of Nham and in saline solution (6%) could be viable for 48-96 and 12-18 hours, respectively. Under the temperature of 4 degrees C, Cysticercus in various recipes could survive for 96 hours while in the controls, it could survive as long as 20-30 days. However, C. cellulosae in various compositions of Nham could be viable 11-20 days which was longer than those in potassium nitrate or salt alone. The findings of this study might infer the suggest that optimum time for consumming Nham in raw condition with safety should be after preparation at least 2-3 days at room temperature.

During a severe outbreak of brucellosis in buffaloes, two animal attendants and one Veterinarian contracted Brucella abortus infection. All the three persons developed clinical signs of brucellosis. A high antibody titre against Br. abortus was demonstrated in the sera of these sick individuals. The organism could be isolated from the blood of one patient on tryptose agar at 37 degrees C. Clinical spectrum, chemotherapy and prevention of brucellosis has been discussed.

The prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was determined in three species of domestic and commensal mammals, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Crude prevalences of infection were 14.5% in cats (N = 650), 32.2% in dogs (N = 233), and 49.5% in Norway rats (N = 109). Oocysts identical to T. gondii were detected in 0.5% of cat feces. Cats and rats showed antibody prevalence rates which were strongly age-(or some age-related variable) dependent, with the highest rates associated with older animals. Antibody prevalence increased in dogs up to three years of age, then declined slightly in older animals.

The effects of the various growth factors with regard to the nutritional physiology of zoophilic dermatophytes isolated from horses are reported. The optimum temperature, pH and growth period for the fungal isolates were found to be 30 degrees-35 degrees C, 5-6 and 7-12 days respectively while the carbon and nitrogen sources utilised by the organisms were sucrose, fructose, maltose, L-arginine and calcium nitrate. The use of these factors in preparation of efficacious fungicides used in the treatment of ringworm infections in man and animals is discussed.

The literature on human hydatid disease is briefly reviewed. Records of the surgical department of the central Hospital, Tripoli from 1972 to 1979 were thoroughly examined. One hundred and eleven cases of hydatid disease were confirmed out of a total of 22,979 admissions during the period, bringing the incidence of the disease of 0.48%. Amongst 111 cases, 73 patients (65.76%) were females and 38 patients (34.23%) were males. Highest incidence of the disease was recorded between the ages of 20-40 years followed by 41-60 years age group. Recommendations concerning the disease surveillance and documentation of epidemiological data are put forward.

Out of a total of 150 carcases of rural dogs examined in Eastern Nigeria, 4 (2.7%) had Cysticercus cellulosae in the heart, tongue, thigh muscles and liver. Visual examination, palpation and multiple serial incision technique were used in locating the cysts. The cysts uncovered were collected in specimen bottles and transported in ice to the laboratory for morphologic assessment. The ages and sexes of the dogs were also recorded. Viable cysts were found only in young dogs. Environmental pollution with human excreta predisposes dogs to cysticercal infection. Thus environmental sanitation and health education should be an ongoing exercise for successful control of cysticercosis in dogs.

The isolation of L. Interrogans from a one week dead coypu is reported. The isolate was identified as a pathogenic strain of leptospira belonging to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup.

Hydatidosis is both an economic and public health problem all over the world. Although various tests have been used on serodiagnosis of the disease in laboratory infected sheep, there is a problem in detecting antibody to the parasite in sheep. The antibody response of people infected with E. granulosus differs from the antibody response of livestock. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis was used to search for antibodies in 44 goats known to have had the infection. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis was able to detect two antibodies produced by a goat naturally infected with hydatid disease. Three of 44 known cases were detected by the test method. None of the naturally infected animals' sera exhibited a pattern of arcs similar to the reference pattern. The test's sensitivity was poor.

A total of 8,607 animals were examined for detection of brucellosis using blood serum agglutination as well as complement fixation tests. out of 8,607 sera samples examined, 125 sera played positive serum agglutination reactions in significant levels for brucella (1.45%). The percentage of reactors to the complement fixation test in the examined cattle was 1.82%. The relation between positive or doubtful cases of serum tube agglutination as regards to their complement fixation results were discussed in detail.