Jugoslavenska ginekologija i opstetricija最新文献

By the immunochemical method the authors determined alpha 1 acid glycoprotein in 20 pregnant women with normal pregnancy and 60 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, EPH gestosis, and imminent abortion. In women with normal pregnancy no statistically significant changes between individual trimesters were recorded. Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus showed a statistically significant increase in all three trimesters, those with EPH gestosis in the first and the second trimester, and those with imminent abortion only in the first trimester. In the authors' opinion, the test could be a useful parameter in following up pathologic pregnancies.

From 1927 to 1983, out of 25,388 laparotomies, 10 cases (0.038%), and out of 1,463 vaginal hysterectomies, only one case (0.068%) of genito-pelvic echinococcosis were recorded. Ultrasound (exemplified by a case), and computerized tomography have recently been used for establishing preoperative diagnosis.

The development of ovarian follicles was observed by ultrasound in 10 patients with the normal menstrual cycle and 10 patients with hormonally stimulated ovulation. In 2 of the patients with the normal cycle the diameter of the follicles was less than 2 cm. They had no ovulation. In the patients with the stimulated ovulation the follicular growth was significantly more regular and 2 of them conceived.

The quality assessment of the contraceptive service in Belgrade in 1983 was conducted by a structural approach (investigation of the knowledge and attitudes of service providers and the availability of contraceptives). The summaries of the cited publications were used as the standard of knowledge and attitudes. A sample of 42 gynaecologists (16.6% of the total Belgrade population of gynaecologists) was investigated using a mailed questionnaire. Compared with the chosen standard:--two fields of knowledge about combined oral contraceptives (OC) appeared unknown to about 70% of the sample (OC protective effects and effects of previous OC use on the outcome of subsequent pregnancy);--knowledge of IUD as a risk factor in pelvic inflammatory disease is lacking in 33.3% of the sample;--attitudes regarding other contraceptive methods are in accord in about 60% of the investigated sample. Besides, the unavailability of contraceptives is recorded. Methodological shortcomings and a possible positive result of the study are discussed.

Acupuncture was applied in the treatment of 32 patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Different acupuncture points on several channels were stimulated, depending on shi or xu types. The therapy proceeded in sessions for three consecutive days before the expected menstruation, in the course of three consecutive cycles. A relief of dysmenorrheic pain was already evidenced after the first menstruation. One year after the completed therapy there was a full disappearance of dysmenorrheic pain in 93% and a partial one in 7% of cases.

Ovulation was stimulated in 56 cycles, namely in 16 cycles with clomiphene, in 19 with clomiphene and HCG, and in 16 cycles with clomiphene, HMG and HCG. In three women there was no LH or estradiol increase following ovulation stimulation with clomiphene, but in two women stimulated by the two remaining methods there was a spontaneous LH peak before the application of HCG. Using the radioimmunologic method once a day the concentrations of LH, estradiol and SHBG in serum were determined. The concentrations of SHBG in serum do not change in all three methods of ovulation stimulation. The mean concentrations of SHBG vary between 47 and 54 mumol/l during the entire preovulatory phase of the stimulated cycle. All of these cycles were ovulatory since the preovulatory E2 peak is clearly expressed in all three methods of ovulation stimulation.

Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) were analyzed in the cytosol and nuclei prepared from specimens of human uterine tissue of patients with certain disorders identified as hyperplasia endometrii adenomatosa, myoma uteri per magnum, adenocarcinoma endometrii and adenocarcinoma corporis uteri. These investigations have revealed a different level of ER and PR in analyzed tissue specimens, as well as the existence of a relationship between changes in receptor levels and respective Kd. These changes suggest a correlation between steroid receptor levels and the type of tissue transformation. The functionality of the receptors was analyzed by the ultracentrifugation of non-activated and activated steroid-receptor complexes in sucrose density gradients, as well as by the investigation of their interaction with isolated nuclei. These results indicate that some changes in steroid receptor molecules can be detected when the tissue turns from normal to malignant transformation. On the basis of this investigation it could be proposed that the analysis of activated and non-activated steroid-receptor complexes by means of the methods used in this study can be applied as a useful clinical tool in the determination of the endocrine dependence of transformed tissues, as well as for the optimum dosing of individual treatment of patients with uterine and other tissue carcinoma.

Actinomyces-like organisms (ALO) were found in 6.9% of cervical smears in 2133 IUD users. The chance of having co-infection with Trichomonas vaginalis was 2.7 times higher in women with ALO than in ALO negative women. The proportion of IUD users with ALO in cervical smears increased with the duration of the IUD use. A total of 108 IUD users with ALO were compared with the same number of IUD users without ALO in cervical smears. The women in the two groups were matched for the duration of the IUD use. During the IUD use the women with ALO had PID and vaginitis significantly more frequently than ALO negative women. No difference was found regarding the type of the IUD used in women with ALO in cervical smears compared to controls.

From 1975 to 1977, out of 3065 women with major vaginal and abdominal operations, 343 were found to have endometriosis (11.1%). Of the latter, 36 (10.4%) had also genital cancer, i.e. cervical (22 women), endometrial (6 women), and ovarian (8 women). In none of these cases was a malignant alteration of endometriosis observed.