Jugoslavenska ginekologija i opstetricija最新文献

The advances of simultaneous ultrasonic and vaginal or rectal examinations are described with regard to a better evaluation of the size, localization, and consistency of the process in the pelvis.

Influence of histamine and histaminergic H1 blockers (antazoline, promethazine) and H2 blockers (cimetidine, ranitidine) on isometric contraction of helically cut strips of human umbilical vein was examined. Histamine produced dose-related contraction of the vein strip, while histaminergic H1 and H2 blockers did not changed the tonus of the vein. The contractile activity of histamine was not influenced by cimetidine or ranitidine, while antazoline and promethazine antagonized mentioned activity of histamine completely. We suppose that histamine exerts contractile effect of human umbilical vein by acting on H1 receptors while H2 receptors are not involved in the mentioned activity of histamine.

The effect of Prostin (15/S/15 methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha) ampules applied intramuscularly to induce abortion in the second trimester of pregnancy was investigated. Out of 30 women who underwent the treatment, 28 (93.3%) cases were successful and 2 (6.7%) unsuccessful. The average time from the application of the medicament to the output of the ovulum was 30.04 hours. The medicament proved to have a strong uterotonic effect associated with highly manifested side effects, such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, perspiration, etc. Among serious complications due to the Prostin application, a single case of an incomplete low uterine rupture and one case of the cervical rupture (6.6%) were evidenced.

A total of 118 Rh isoimmunized pregnant women were discovered from 1972 to 1981. In diagnosing the disorder, the author draws attention to the examination of bilirubin in the amnionic fluid as the most reliable indicator, to which the dosing of measurable antibodies and echography are, in his opinion, a precious contribution. The administration of corticosteroids, antihistaminics, capillary protectors, and sedatives proved unreliable. A premature delivery was induced in 79 cases, after the assessment of the fetus maturity. The pregnancy was terminated vaginally in 60 and by cesarean section in 19 cases. Twenty-two near-term children ere delivered without major problems. Failure was recorded in 31 (26.3%) cases: 17 deaths in the uterus and 14 deaths of newborns immediately after birth. Out of 87 surviving children, 36 received exsanguinotransfusion 1-4 times.

Terminal salpingostomy and fimbrioplastics were performed in 108 patients by conventional surgical technique: 78 had bilateral occlusion of the abdominal orifice of the uterine tube with hydrosalpinx, 21 unilateral distal occlusion coupled with stenosis and perisalpingitis on the other side, and 9 bilateral stenosis and perisalpingitis. In all patients other causes of sterility were excluded. The duration of their sterility lasted 2-15 years, while their age ranged from 21 to 40 years. In 96 out 108 patients laparoscopy was applied immediately before operation. Out of 108 surgically treated patients, 22 conceived and gave birth to a child (20%), 2 had abortion (0.92%), and 7 conceived outside the uterus (3.7%). In 72 patients who did not conceive six months after operation, control hysterosalpingography was applied; it showed that 58 patients had one or both tubes unobstructed (80.5%), while bilateral reocclusion was found in 14 patients (19.4%). Hydrotubation was performed by a mixture of antibiotics and hydrocortisone 3-5 days following operation.

In 26 patients with clinical varicocele, in 20 patients with "subclinical" varicocele, and in 90 clinically normal patients, measurements of the plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone were made. In 13 patients pre-operative and post-operative measurements were also performed. The difference in the serum testosterone values in patients with varicocele and in those without varicocele was not statistically significant. The level of FSH and LH markedly higher in the group of patients with subclinical varicocele than in the group with clinically expressed varicocele (p less than 0.05). The difference in the values of FSH, LH, PRL and testosterone in the serum and seminal plasma of clinically normal patients with thermographically verified scrotal hyperthermia due to the reflux into the pampiniform plexus and in those with euthermia was not statistically significant if the quality of the semen was similar.

Thirty-five women aged 40 to 79 years with the carcinoma of the body of the uterus were before treatment examined for humoral immunity to find out if the diminished function of the immunological system and immunodeficiency lead to an increased proneness to malignant diseases. Concentrations of total serum proteins, electrophoresis of proteins, and the quantitative determination of G-, A-, and M- immunoglobulins were performed. Lower mean values of IgG (11.94 g/L) and IgA (1.91 g/L) were observed, whereas IgM concentrations did not reveal a statistically significant difference compared with healthy women. The classes, light and heavy chains, as well as immunoglobulin fragments were investigated by immunoelectrophoresis with monospecific antisera. The results revealed a significant accumulation of certain parts of the immunoglobulin molecule, such as gamma heavy chains (in 63% of patients), kappa (77%) and lambda light chains (37%), and fragments--Fab (37%), Fc (57%) i Fd (40%), showing no antibody properties in comparison with the control group of healthy women.

A rare case of amniotic fluid embolism in the 26-th week of pregnancy is presented. After the McDonald operation for the repair of the incompetent cervix, a premature rupture of the membranes occurred. After a five-day period of amniorrhea an elevation of the body temperature over 39 degrees C was observed, as well as respiratory distress, cyanosis, and coma. It ended with the patient's death. The pathomorphological finding demonstrated the amniotic fluid embolism of the lung and brain arterioles.

In Slovenia and Croatia breast cancer is registered as the most frequent kind of cancer in women. In 2951 women clinical findings were compared to those obtained by mammography, thermography, palpation and cytology. The analysis showed a statistically significant difference between them. In the analysed group, 41 patients with cancer were detected, of whom only in 28 (76%) was the disease confirmed by the clinical examination. The results of clinical examinations not satisfactory, especially in the early stage of carcinoma.