La Sante publique最新文献

The situation of work accidents in the enterprises of the milk industry in the Saratov region during the period 1967-1986 is analysed. The main factors which exert an influence on the rate of work accidents are pointed out. The medical and economic efficiency achieved by the introduction of some prophylactic measures into the enterprises of the milk industry is emphasized.

The study of social and hygiene aspects in the industry of forest exploitation permitted to point out the changes that occurred in the field of mechanization and automation of production processes, which radically influenced the working conditions and characteristics, as well as the health indices. The study approaches some economic, social and hygiene problems. Proposals are made regarding the improvement of medical care organization for workers, for example the drawing up of a complex programme of prophylaxis of diseases in the enterprises for wood industrialization and of utilization of the computation technique.

Authors in the literature are unanimous in considering type A personality as an individual characteristic susceptible to cardiovascular risk. The latter, in its turn, is regarded, after H. J. Eysenck [4], as an association of the scores of extroversion and neurosis. Starting from this assumption, we set out to outline a profile of the cardiovascular patient using the "Eysenck" questionnaire. The study population included 126 industrial workers compared to a matching control set. The resulting profile displayed neurotic components within an ego perpetually frustrated in its needs of well-being, emotional satisfaction and rewarding social relations (-1,dark blue, Lüscher colour test in its shortened variant). Stress and introversion foster neuroticism and encourage the ego in its compulsive quest for autonomy, "eccentric" behaviour in actual situations and egocentric attitudes in reserve. Findings suggest that the "H. J. Eysenck" test for introversion-extroversion and neuroticism, as well as the Lüscher colour test (the shortened variant) are likely to be useful predictive tools in cardiovascular disease.

The article discusses techniques for assessing the economic and medico-social efficiency of innovations introduced into health care practice starting from the example of a new procedure (prodigiosin inhalations) in prevention of ENT disorders and of influenza in preschool children. The analysis bears on the role and importance of evaluations of this type in the implementation of scientific findings, as well as in restructuring the health care sector and reorienting biomedical research. The authors contend that the expanding area of innovation use does not trigger more than insignificant rises in costs (costs allocated to scientific research, for instance), whereas cost containment is almost directly proportional to the expanding applications. It can, therefore, be concluded that imposing limitations and delays in the implementation of efficient innovations bars cost savings and diminishes the actual economic efficiency of biomedical research.

The paper reports on the general and specific functions of medical records, as well as on the need to improve medical recording and the circulation of medical records in health units. The economic medical and social advantages of keeping accurate records are highlighted. Recent breakthroughs in information science permit unifying and standardizing medical records, making them more problem-oriented, developing technical equipment and extending its use in archives, expanding the role of the computer in clinical recording.