Nouvelle revue francaise d'hematologie; blood cells最新文献

1. A brief review of recent results on the structure of erythrocyte membranes and the experimental deformation of red blood cells. 2. A discussion of factors playing a role in the deformability: a) Influence of shape, consisting of the cell surface to volume ration. b) Internal factors, depending mainly on the viscosity of the hemoglobin).c) Degree of flexibility of the membrane. 3. A brief summary of techniques to measure the deformability with emphasis on the method of viscodiffractometry (ektacytometer). 4. Results given by examination in the ektacytometer of hereditary spherocytosis and sickle cell anemia.

Sixty-seven lymphangiograms were performed in 58 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These patients were classified according to a new anatomico-clinical staging system which has previously been shown to bear prognostic significance. The lymphangiograms were divided into four groups on the basis of lymph node size and each group was further divided into subgroups (12). Each subgroup corresponded to a different roentgenographic picture. A good correlation was observed between lymphangiographic and anatomico-clinical staging: lymphangiogram groups 3 and 4, anatomico-clinical stage III and IV (p less than 0.001). The absence of normal lymph nodes in all patients, the diversity of lymphangiographic appearance from one patient to another and even the diversity from one region to another in the same patient should be stressed.

63 patients with Hodgkin disease of limited extent (I, II, III) are treated with two protocols: extended field irradiation versus chemotherapy (M.O.P.P.) + extended field irradiation. Three points are suggested by analysis of the results: 1) Advantage from the combination of chemotherapy-radiotherapy. 2) Resistance to chemotherapy frequent innodular sclerosis. 3) In patients treated with chemotherapy the reaction has a prognostic value: failure of treatment being seen only in patients who did not obtain a complete remission.

Evaluations of 650 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemias (A.L.L.) and of 596 patients with acute granulocytic leukemias (A.G.L.) ara analyzed. The patients were treated in the department of Professeur Jean Bernard at Saint-Louis Hospital between 1964 and 1976. In A.L.L., prognosis is influenced primarely by age, being worse in infants less than 1 year old and in adults: it is also influenced by the blastic load and by other parameters such as cytology and immunological markers which could not be studied in all patients. The correlation between high blastic load and the T lymphoblasts variety is noteworthy. Random studies are still necessary to find out the best drug combinations and the optimal duration of treatment, but the necessity for meningeal prophylaxis, reinduction treatments and of L-A sparaginase consolidation is no longer discussed. Prognostic stratification is useful for therapeutical evaluation and should load to therapeutical modulation. In acute granulocytic leukemias, age is also a significant parameter and remission rate is lower for patients over 50 years of age. Cytology and cytochemistry allow to recognize acute promyelocytic leukemias and acute monoblastic leukemias which bear specific initial risks (D.I.C. for A.P.L., renal failure for acute monoblastic leukemia) but which are highly sensitive to Daunorubicin and Rubidazone respectively. In A.M.L. remission duration is not influenced by age and seems to be improved by intermittent treatment. The role of immunotherapy is still under study.

Nucleated cells obtained from normal human peripheral blood on a layer of Ficoll Isopaque are identified according to the combination of various assays: phagocytosis, endogenous peroxidase, naphtol AS-D esterase, immunofluorescence (IF) performed at 4 degrees C and after incubation at 37 degrees C. The Ig bearing lymphocytes are evaluated with IF, while errors due to other nucleated cells may be evaluated by phagocytic and enzymatic capacities. As the presence of immunoglobulins (Ig) on the cell surface doses not prove its B lymphocytic nature, both immunofluorescence (IF) and endogenous peroxidase are usefully performed together. Exposure of the cells to 37 degrees C during half an hour may enable us to avoid to consider monocytes and lymphocytes with cell bound Ig. Thus con accurately be evaluated the percentages of lymphocytic populations in practice of immunological tests.