Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal最新文献

This is the case of a 12-year-old African young girl with bialveolar protrusion and night mouth breathing. Orthodontic treatment without dental extraction consisted after tonsillectomy in retraction of anterior teeth in the diastema spaces. The normalization of the angle of the upper incisor has improved bialveolar protrusion without alteration to the prior balance of soft tissue.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever (EHF) among the University of Benin clinical dental students.

Methods: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study among consenting clinical (4th, 5th and 6th year) dental students of the University of Benin. The data collection tool was a 17-item self-administered validated questionnaire with a Chronbach's alpha value of 0.84. Data from the questionnaires were scored and graded, coded and finally entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for data analysis. All data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics to generate frequencies, percentages and Chi-square values at a significance of P < 0.05.

Results: Out of the 79 questionnaires distributed, 76 were returned duly filled, giving a response rate of 96.2%. The sample consisted of 67.1% male and 32.9% female clinical dental students, with a male to female ratio of approximately 2:1. About 89.5% of the respondents were in the 3rd decade of life. The average score for the participants was 11.34 ± 2.20 which was above the average category. More than half (55.3%) of the clinical dental students had good knowledge. Over 98% of the students knew that EHF outbreaks occur primarily in Central and West Africa, however, only 16.7% of the students were aware that infected persons spread virus to others up to 7 weeks after recovery from illness.

Conclusion: The clinical dental students easily identified EHF as a viral infection with the fruit bats as the natural host of the Ebola organisms. However, their knowledge of communicability and diagnostics was on the average. Proper knowledge regarding EHF and infection preventive measures can be the key to safety of the dentists and patients in the event of an EHF epidemic.

The Stafne defect is a benign, asymptomatic, non-progressive and rare bone depression, mainly discovered by chance in the posterior mandibular region. It is described radiographically as an oval radiolucency located below the mandibular canal, in the molar region, close to the submandibular gland.Sialography is a traditional technique in the radiographic examination of salivary glands that involves the injection of an iodine-based contrast medium into the main salivary duct. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a 3D imaging technique that has modernized the dental and maxillofacial practice with its advantages such as high speed, good spatial resolution and low radiation exposure. The CBCT Sialography that consists in a 3D Sialography with cone beam offers the same benefits as traditional sialography and allows three-dimensional viewing. It is a new imaging test for an accurate anatomical study of the major salivary glands and their relationships with their environments.The aim of this report is to present a case of Stafne bone cavity containing right submandibular gland tissue, occurring in a 58-year-old man and diagnosed by using CBCT sialography.

The decision to extract the last teeth represents for the patient an aesthetic, functional and moral damage. The realization of an immediate complete removable denture is indicated to remedy these difficulties. This will make it possible to ensure a rational and efficient management of this transition to total edentulous. The restorations of aesthetics and functions as well as patient comfort constitute the essential therapeutic objectives to be achieved and this thanks to the immediate denture.This work presents, through clinical cases, the indications and the management of four patients who have never worn a removable denture.

Myxoma is a rare variety of benign tumors of the jaw, whose origin is embryonic mesenchymal dental follicle.Clinical and radiological manifestations are variable and non-specific and can lend confusion with other lesions.We describe a case of very invasive odontogenic myxoma , observed in a woman of 51 years. Clinically, the patient had left maxillary swelling, painless, firm to the touch. CT facial bones showed an expansive osteolytic process blowing the jaw.The treatment consisted of a wide excision of the tumor by endobuccal way, the tumor is individualized well from the bone. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen was diagnosed odontogenic myxoma. The short-term trend has shown no clinical and radiological local recurrence.The diagnosis is based on clinical, radiological and histological. This tumor is locally aggressive, which can lead to significant facial deformities and dental disturbances. The recurrent nature of myxoma imposes a broad radical treatment beyond the limits of the lesion. The loss of important substance required surgical repair or prosthetic.

Introduction: Periodontal prosthodontic surgery plays a major role in the integration of aesthetic and functional prosthetic restorations, including in the anterior area. Indeed, any dento-gingival disharmony of volume or shape must be corrected beforehand, thus justify a plastic periodontal surgery.

Observation: This is a 20-year-old patient, who consulted for essentially aesthetic motive: the restoration of the fracture 11. Clinical examination revealed the presence of a defective provisional prosthesis on 11, an unsightly filling composite resin on the 21, asymmetry of the gingival contour, as well as a low located upper labial brake. Juxta-bone decay of the lingual wall of the 11 was prominent on the retro-alveolar.

Discussion: To meet the growing aesthetic demand of the patient, a multidisciplinary care was considered: a gingivectomy has been carried out, in order to align the collar of the 11 with that of the 21, associated with a coronal elongation landscaping biological space on the lingual side of the 11. And to optimize the therapeutic outcome, a frenectomy of the upper labial brake was performed.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of the use of dental floss among all cadres of present and future dental health workers, in a Nigerian teaching hospital, and their opinion on the use of dental floss in the management of periodontal diseases.

Methodology: A 30-item questionnaire was used to elicit information on respondents’ demographics, their opinion about the use of dental floss in the management of periodontal diseases and their personal use of dental floss. It also elicited information on respondents’ practice of recommending dental floss to dental patients and how confident they are in their ability to properly demonstrate the use of dental floss to the patients. Bivariate analyses were used to assess whether the position of the oral health workers, their gender and their use of dental floss has a relationship with their knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the use dental floss.

Results: Only 17.4% of the study participants flossed daily. A few of the respondents (29.4%) felt that flossing should be done after tooth brushing while majority (51.4%) felt it can be done anytime. Majority of the study participants use dental floss but fewer participants recommend the use of dental floss to their patients (p = 0.001). Among the oral health workers who do not use dental floss, 98.9% knew that dental floss removes plaque from the interdental area, 64.3% thought that flossing polishes the tooth surface as it removes the dental plaque and debris (p = 0.039) and 85.7% reported that flossing massages the interdental areas (p = 0.039).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that majority of the present and future oral health workers studied believe in the effectiveness of the use of dental floss in the prevention of periodontal diseases and use dental floss occasionally but the oral health workers who recommend the use of dental floss to patients are fewer.

This study aimed to investigate the root apex morphology in permanent teeth of a Moroccan population using scanning electron microscope. Eighty-seven teeth were collected from Moroccan patients attending the Oral Surgery Department of the faculty of dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. The extracted teeth were then prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation at a root apex slice thickness of 5 mm.The median distance of the apical foramen from the apex was about 0.37 [0-0.62] mm, 0. 60 [0-0.82] mm, 0.71 [0.36-0.94] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively, the mean apical foramen diameter was 0.30 [0.23-0.34] mm, 0.24 [0.18-0.33] mm, 0.27 [0.19-0.35] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively. The apical foramen coincided with the apex in 33.5%, 33%, and 30.8% in incisors/canines, bi-rooted, and multi-rooted teeth. 16.45% of incisors, and 10.1% of the bi-rooted teeth with pulp and peri-apical diseases showed apical resorptions.

Introduction: Our study brings back the epidemiological and anatomo-clinical characteristics of the maxillo-facial traumatisms sequels at Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center of Ouagadougou.

Methodology: It was a transversal descriptive study going from May 2013 to April 2015.

Results and discussion: In all, 152 cases of post traumatisms sequels were collected. The masculine sex was more affected with a sex-ratio of 2,53. The mean age was 30,80 years. The public road accidents (73,68%) were the main etiology of initial lesions. The isolated functional and morphological sequels respectively represented 1/3 and 1/6 of cases. Half of patients had mixed sequels.The odontological sequels (41,45%), the disgracious scars (93,68%), the neurological sequels (15,79%), the ocular sequels (11,18%), and the temporo-mandibular ankylosis were the main sequels found in our study.These sequels could be explained by the nature of initial lesions and the lateness of consultations.

Conclusion: Development of population’s awareness and close interdisciplinary collaboration helped to reduce the frequency of these sequels.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate oral health in asthmatic children using inhaled therapy and to compare the oral health status according to β2 agonist and corticosteroid dose administrated.

Methods: The study group composed of 160 children aged between 2 and 15 years old who had bronchial asthma at different degrees of severity, the children followed at university hospital of Casablanca. A questionnaire was filled referring to oral health habits. For dental examinations, world health organization criteria and for plaque indices the Silness and Löe plaque index were used. Oral mucosal was examined to detect candidiasis or ulcerations.

Results: The dental plaque registered was 1,13 ± 0,64. The mean DMFT was 3,75 ± 1,53 and the mean DMFT was 5,50 ± 3,02. A statistically significant higher average DMFT and DMFT values were observed with higher dose of β2 agonist (p < 0,05). Almost a third of studied population had oral candidiasis and 6,9% had ulcerations. These oral mucosal lesions were particularly observed in children receiving inhaled corticosteroid higher than 400 µg/j (P < 10-5) and they were lower in children using a spacer device and rinsing the mouth after treatment (P < 10-5).

Conclusion: The results suggest higher caries susceptibility and oral mucosal lesions among asthmatic children undergoing inhaled treatment with β2 agonist and corticosteroid. A special attention by doctors and health professionals of these patients is necessary and asthmatic children are recommended to adopt more precautionary oral hygiene practices.