Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal最新文献

The aim of this review is to update healthcare professionals about the prevalence of various hepatitis viruses in the Saudi population. A perspective on the global and regional prevalence of hepatitis A, B and C viruses has also been given. The oral manifestations of hepatitis infection, the risks of patients and healthcare workers acquiring these infections, as well as the management of dental patients with hepatitis infection in the dental clinical setting has also been discussed. The universal precautions which should be observed while treating these patients have been reiterated, whereby detailed steps as pertaining to the management of these patients have been described, so as to optimize patient treatment, and at the same time to prevent dental healthcare workers from acquiring infection. The purpose of such management is therefore to ultimately improve the quality of life of patients infected with hepatitis viruses.

With time, natural and polarized light proved their importance and utility in dental photography. After studying the physical properties of natural and polarized light, in the first part of this article, to understand their correlation with dental materials and natural teeth and how to use them in the best combination, this second part will illustrate the importance of a polarized image in color matching, how to manipulate it and how to apply it in clinical cases.

Background: This study aims to analyze the effects of the national program for individual dental prevention "M'T Dents" to 6-years-old children living in the neighborhoods of deprived areas Saint-Mauront and Belle de Mai from 2009 to 2012 (Marseille, France). These children having received an additional collective awareness and individual monitoring as part of the experimental program of health promotion "La Santé à Saint Mauront - Belle de Mai: on s’y met tous!" led by the PACA Regional Health Agency.

Materials and methods: Awareness sessions in oral hygiene were led in CP grades of 5 schools and each child was then followed and encouraged to resort to dentist. Data on the use of the bucco-dental examination (BDE), the use of consecutive care and the oral health status of children were collected.

Results: Of the three years considered by this study, 56 classes and more than 1000 children were involved by this prevention program. The average use of BDE was 27.70%. Among children who received the BDE, 44.33% required treatment, approximately 26% with 1-3 untreated caries, 12%: 4-6 caries and 6%: 7 caries or more. Nearly 60% were completely cured, 15% partially and 25% not treated within 6 months following the BDE. Care utilization varied by initial caries index: the percentage of children fully treated was significantly higher for children with 1-3 caries than those with 4-6 caries (p <0.05) and those with 7 caries or more (p < 0.001) when the BDE.

Conclusion: Modes of action that are reinforced in this territory seem possible to achieve results comparable to those observed in the same age group at the national level for children. More children were able to use the dentist and receive consecutive care under this program contributes to reducing inequalities in oral health.

Oral health is an important component of general health and a determinant factor for quality of life. Though oral diseases are largely preventable, many people across the globe still suffer from pain and discomfort associated with oral diseases. The attainment of optimum oral health is impeded by a number of obstacles which include the cost and affordability of treatment, poor access due to workforce shortages and inequitable distribution of the dental workforce and low oral health literacy amongst others. The provision of oral health services is oriented towards curative care. There appears to be no coordinated national strategy for preventive dental care in Nigeria.Effective public health strategies are required to prevent oral diseases and promote oral health across the population. Generally, strategies to prevent oral diseases will be most effective when priority is given to the multi-sectoral approach rather than a single-sector approach, population-based interventions rather than those aimed at high-risk individuals, and primary rather than secondary prevention. The aim of this paper was to highlight some of the oral diseases in Nigeria and discuss public health approaches to promote oral health and prevent the diseases.

Context: Periodontal diseases are multifactorial infectious pathologies. They affect tissues of support of the tooth and so end in dental losses. No sector of society is spared.

Objective: To estimate the state of periodontal health of the patients admitted in consultation in the dental services of the city of Kinshasa.

Material and methods: It is a descriptive and transverse study. It was led on patients admitted in consultations in three dental services of the city of Kinshasa during the period going from January to August, 2015. The study included patients of 12 years old and more who consulted in one of the selected dental service. The selected patients supplied sociodemographic information in particular zone of residence, gender, level of education and social level. Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI) was used to estimate the periodontal state of every patient.

Results: On a total of 642 patients 374 were females and 268 were males. The mean age was of 38.12 years ± 16,303. The patients of upper or more university level and those who had no employment represented successively 58.3% and 35.5%. Dental pain was the main motive for consultation. Majority of the patients had a DPSI around 3, that is 49.1%. 99.9% of the patients presented gingivitis whereas those 64% who suffered from periodontitis were subject to specialized periodontal care.

Conclusion: Periodontal disease was present in all patients. The majority of the people had consulted dental surgeons only when they had pain.

Objective: To determine the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on pattern of removable partial denture use in a tertiary institution over a one-year period.

Methods: This was a retrospective study using records of partially dentate patients seeking replacement for their missing teeth within one-year duration. Information retrieved from the patients’ records included demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, occupation, arch type, number and reasons for missing teeth and type of removable partial denture. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 17 (Chicago, IL.). The analysis was done using frequency distribution, cross tabulations, t test and test of significance with chi square. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 98 patients were seen over the study period with a male/female ratio of 1:1.45. The patients’ age ranged from 20 to 89 years with a mean age of 47.19 ± 18.37. The number of teeth replaced ranged from 1 to 17 with a mean of 3.13 ± 3.30 teeth. The mean number of missing teeth was significantly higher among patients aged 50 years and above (p = 0.002). Majority (69.4%) of the patients were married and 59.2% were working class (skilled and unskilled). The Kennedy’s Class III saddle was the most prevalent in the maxilla while Class IV was most prevalent in the mandible; a difference that was statistically significant.Conclusion: Socioeconomic status, age and gender influenced the use of removable partial denture.

Background: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) deformities are the most common congenital abnormalities of the orofacial structures. Affected individuals experience major clinical, functional, aesthetic and psychosocial impacts.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to identify the perceptions, expectations and reactions of parents and caregivers to cleft lip and palate surgery.

Materials and methods: Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect data from parents/caregivers of patients with cleft lip and/or palate operated on by the cleft team at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.

Results: Only three (2.8%) of the caregivers indicated that they knew the cause of CLP which they attributed to drugs, infections and contraceptives taken while about half of them admitted that they avoided taking these children to certain places. The participants were very concerned about the speech 15 (41.7%) and feeding 9 (25.0%) of the children. Most wanted the surgery performed in order to improve appearance 25 (69.5%), speech 8 (22.2%) and feeding 2 (5.6%). More than half of the parents/caregivers 21 (58.3%) expected excellent results from the surgery whilst 1 (2.8%) expected poor results. Most believed the surgery would indeed make a great difference in speech 14 (38.9%) and appearance 11 (30.6%). Majority, 30 (83%) were happy with the immediate outcome of the surgery and with their hospital experience 13, (36.1%).

Conclusions: This study revealed that most parents/caregivers of children with CLP believed this condition to be due to various factors and did not know the etiology. Expectations of the result of surgical repair of CLP surgery were high and their reactions were majorly positive.

Rehabilitation by combined prosthesis is a therapy that requires a methodical approach especially in the case of large unilateral edentulous when all occlusal parameters are to be restored. The recording of the maxilla-mandibular position is requested at various stages of the treatment. In this context, the use of polymerized diagnostic wax up, is an evident tool for accurately recording and transfer of all occlusal data previously validated, yet concerning the global rehabilitation of unilateral distal edentulous, its stability and exact re-positioning at various prosthetic sequences remain uncertain.The aim of this study was to develop an original conception of the polymerized diagnostic wax up that will allow us to benefit from all its advantages in complex rehabilitation of edentulous unilateral of large extent.

First described by Philipsen in 1956, the odontogenic keratocyst is characterized by a large squamous keratinization of its border, an aggressive growth and a high recurrent rate. It is now designated by the World Health Organization as a Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KOT). Clinically, the KOT is manifested by an asymptomatic growth. Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined unilocular or multilocular osteolytic lesion. The diagnostic approach is based on a combined analysis of the medical history, the clinical appearance and the radiographic appearance. The diagnosis may be confirmed by the anatomical pathology report. Finally, treatment consists of surgical excision and follow up is characterized by a high rate of recurrence. The authors report a case of keratocystic odontogenic tumor of the mandible and review the various diagnoses, therapeutics and follow up aspects of this type of tumors.

Introduction: Osteitis is an inflammatory disease of bone tissue. Its clinical presentation varies according to the site, presence or absence of pus, duration and etiology. It represents one of the endo-periodontal diseases complication. We report the case of a mandibular osteitis having led to confusion with an ostesarcoma.

Observation: A 13-year-old boy was referred to our department for a right low swelling with suspicion of mandible osteosarcoma. The lesion’s evolution was 6 weeks. With the local aggressiveness and the speed evolution, the first diagnosis proposed was a mandibular osteosarcoma. Based on the clinical and radiological data established, the diagnosis of mandibular osteitis on a periapical granuloma was made and the treatment consisted on the causal tooth extraction with curettage of the periapical lesion associated to the prescription of macrolide (ERY®). The clinical follow-up was 6 weeks, a recovery with cessation of clinical signs were noticed.

Discussion: The differential diagnosis facing the clinical context is an osteitis on a periapical inflammatory cyst and especially mandibular osteosarcoma. For the therapy, it’s a 3 components treatment (etiology, medical and surgical) to obtain a recovery.