Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100604
C D Darley
give a balanced view of the prospects and possibilities. I believe much can be done to establish many forms of high-density development as acceptable and even popular, housing accommodation for the future. But efore I embark upon the particular experience of my Authority, I want to re-cap briefly upon the thinking which led to the outbreak of high-density schemes which now causes us such problems. Although this is
{"title":"High density housing: the Wirral's experience.","authors":"C D Darley","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100604","url":null,"abstract":"give a balanced view of the prospects and possibilities. I believe much can be done to establish many forms of high-density development as acceptable and even popular, housing accommodation for the future. But efore I embark upon the particular experience of my Authority, I want to re-cap briefly upon the thinking which led to the outbreak of high-density schemes which now causes us such problems. Although this is","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"229-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18349434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100608
B Benjamin
families) the benefit of a general practitioner service and a national system of contributory sickness insurance. Between 1890-94 and 1924-28 the general level of mortality fell by about 40 per cent. Most of this decline was attributable to a dramatic reduction in infant mortality. Hamer was able to claim that &dquo;the gains accruing from advance in material prosperity, from greater cleanliness, from improved drainage, scavenging, housing, food and water supplies, clothing, and medical, surgical and nursing services, have far outweighed any added risks, especially those arising from greater concentration of population upon area, and the associated developments in intercommunication and traffic between London, the surrounding country and the world at large&dquo;.
{"title":"Changes in public health in London in the past fifty years.","authors":"B Benjamin","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100608","url":null,"abstract":"families) the benefit of a general practitioner service and a national system of contributory sickness insurance. Between 1890-94 and 1924-28 the general level of mortality fell by about 40 per cent. Most of this decline was attributable to a dramatic reduction in infant mortality. Hamer was able to claim that &dquo;the gains accruing from advance in material prosperity, from greater cleanliness, from improved drainage, scavenging, housing, food and water supplies, clothing, and medical, surgical and nursing services, have far outweighed any added risks, especially those arising from greater concentration of population upon area, and the associated developments in intercommunication and traffic between London, the surrounding country and the world at large&dquo;.","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"245-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18088407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100601
G A Elton
of Food and Drink Act was passed and this led on to the 1875 Sale of Food and Drugs Act, in which, for the first time, appeared the words &dquo;no person shall sell to the prejudice of the purchaser any article of food or anything which is not of the nature, substance or quality demanded by such purchaser&dquo;. Under the Adulteration of Food and Drink and Drugs Act of 1872, the appointment of public analysts was made mandatory, and local authority inspectors were empowered to procure samples of food, drink and drugs for analysis. By 1900 staple foods such as bread, flour, tea and sugar were as pure as could be wished and although adulteration of some other foods still existed, this tended to be the relatively simple watering of milk and beer rather than the addition of harmful adulterants.
{"title":"Food standards of the EC: scientific aspects.","authors":"G A Elton","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100601","url":null,"abstract":"of Food and Drink Act was passed and this led on to the 1875 Sale of Food and Drugs Act, in which, for the first time, appeared the words &dquo;no person shall sell to the prejudice of the purchaser any article of food or anything which is not of the nature, substance or quality demanded by such purchaser&dquo;. Under the Adulteration of Food and Drink and Drugs Act of 1872, the appointment of public analysts was made mandatory, and local authority inspectors were empowered to procure samples of food, drink and drugs for analysis. By 1900 staple foods such as bread, flour, tea and sugar were as pure as could be wished and although adulteration of some other foods still existed, this tended to be the relatively simple watering of milk and beer rather than the addition of harmful adulterants.","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"219-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18349432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100603
J Ball
the strategy for the next decade. The broad pattern established in that document and in subsequent plans remains the basis upon which the Government is working. The explicit current NHS priorities are services for the elderly, the mentally ill, the mentally handicapped and children. The responsibility for meeting these priorities is increasingly becoming concentrated in the community as opposed to the hospital service. It is difficult to measure, over the recent years, the extent to which there has been a switch in emphasis from the hospital to the community sector of resource provision and the responsibility to provide care. One aspect is that, in spite of an increasing elderly population, the number of in-patients in geriatric departments has remained constant, another is that the number of patients resident in mental illness and mental handicap hospitals has declined. These are some of the indications which point to the fact that the demand for care is
{"title":"Future balance of care--the GP's view.","authors":"J Ball","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100603","url":null,"abstract":"the strategy for the next decade. The broad pattern established in that document and in subsequent plans remains the basis upon which the Government is working. The explicit current NHS priorities are services for the elderly, the mentally ill, the mentally handicapped and children. The responsibility for meeting these priorities is increasingly becoming concentrated in the community as opposed to the hospital service. It is difficult to measure, over the recent years, the extent to which there has been a switch in emphasis from the hospital to the community sector of resource provision and the responsibility to provide care. One aspect is that, in spite of an increasing elderly population, the number of in-patients in geriatric departments has remained constant, another is that the number of patients resident in mental illness and mental handicap hospitals has declined. These are some of the indications which point to the fact that the demand for care is","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"226-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17856232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100602
F Pethybridge
{"title":"The National Health Service--a time for change.","authors":"F Pethybridge","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"223-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18349433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100607
D H Woollam
ACCORDING TO the leading authority in the United States and probably the world, chronic maternal alcoholism is responsible for one-third of all cases of mental deficiency. On the other hand in Great Britain it has been stated that it is not seen by obstetricians and there are only rare accounts of obser vation of the condition by pediatricians. In this paper an attempt is made to analyse the social, political and scientific factors which have made such a discrepancy between conditions in the two countries apparently possible.
{"title":"Alcohol and the safety of the unborn child.","authors":"D H Woollam","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100607","url":null,"abstract":"ACCORDING TO the leading authority in the United States and probably the world, chronic maternal alcoholism is responsible for one-third of all cases of mental deficiency. On the other hand in Great Britain it has been stated that it is not seen by obstetricians and there are only rare accounts of obser vation of the condition by pediatricians. In this paper an attempt is made to analyse the social, political and scientific factors which have made such a discrepancy between conditions in the two countries apparently possible.","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"241-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18349437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-12-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100605
R Seifert, R Seifert
’back-doorlike’ appearance of the original design. A great deal of thought has been given to achieving finishes which are resilient to general wear, easy to clean and vandal-resistant, yet at the same time, pleasant in appearance. The detailed design of entrance screens and doors has been a major consideration needing to be robust and yet affording plenty of natural light to the entrance area. Reinforced and polycarbo-
{"title":"Living and working in high rise buildings--need and technology.","authors":"R Seifert, R Seifert","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100605","url":null,"abstract":"’back-doorlike’ appearance of the original design. A great deal of thought has been given to achieving finishes which are resilient to general wear, easy to clean and vandal-resistant, yet at the same time, pleasant in appearance. The detailed design of entrance screens and doors has been a major consideration needing to be robust and yet affording plenty of natural light to the entrance area. Reinforced and polycarbo-","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 6","pages":"233-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18349435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-10-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100508
J W Dickerson
T IS BECOMING increasingly recognised that many diseases of western society are induced by the environment the kind of life we lead, the food we eat, what we drink, and the air we breathe. Adverse reactions to the ingestion of certain foods have been known since ancient times and a wide spectrum of diseases involving virtually every system in the body has been ascribed to practically everything man eats. The last few years have seen a revival of interest in the subject, although it is by no means generally accepted as a cause of ill-health by the medical profession, except in the most obvious cases. Modern medicine rests largely on a concept of disease and suffering being treated by administering something a drug or potion, to the individual. However, evidence is accumulating that a wide range of apparently unconnected ailments can be due to abnormal reactions to ingested materials and that a cure can be effected by simply withholding those materials. Difficulty also arises because symptoms are often vague rather than specific, and chronic rather than acute. Complaints of irritability, depression, fatigue, headache, joint and muscle pain or gastrointestinal disturbances may well be dismissed as being of psychological, or emotional, origin. Diagnosis is often difficult and time-consuming, and may well require skills which can be provided only by one who has taken a special interest in what has become known as ’Clinical Ecology’.
{"title":"Adverse effects of food on human health.","authors":"J W Dickerson","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100508","url":null,"abstract":"T IS BECOMING increasingly recognised that many diseases of western society are induced by the environment the kind of life we lead, the food we eat, what we drink, and the air we breathe. Adverse reactions to the ingestion of certain foods have been known since ancient times and a wide spectrum of diseases involving virtually every system in the body has been ascribed to practically everything man eats. The last few years have seen a revival of interest in the subject, although it is by no means generally accepted as a cause of ill-health by the medical profession, except in the most obvious cases. Modern medicine rests largely on a concept of disease and suffering being treated by administering something a drug or potion, to the individual. However, evidence is accumulating that a wide range of apparently unconnected ailments can be due to abnormal reactions to ingested materials and that a cure can be effected by simply withholding those materials. Difficulty also arises because symptoms are often vague rather than specific, and chronic rather than acute. Complaints of irritability, depression, fatigue, headache, joint and muscle pain or gastrointestinal disturbances may well be dismissed as being of psychological, or emotional, origin. Diagnosis is often difficult and time-consuming, and may well require skills which can be provided only by one who has taken a special interest in what has become known as ’Clinical Ecology’.","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 5","pages":"200-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18315196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-10-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100513
R T Jayasinha
{"title":"The community health knowledge among senior school students in the University Community Health Project Area - Kotte, Sri Lanka.","authors":"R T Jayasinha","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 5","pages":"214-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18315200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-10-01DOI: 10.1177/146642408110100510
H C Hodge
However, it still indicates that for a large proportion of the population, who have lost all their teeth, the dental services have been a total failure. Although disease prevalence is generally high, working class people fare even worse than their middle class peers. Again taking the proportion of people with no natural teeth in 1978 21 per cent of professional, intermediate and skilled non-manual workers were edentulous compared with 37 per cent of the semi-skilled non-manual, semiskilled manual and unskilled.
{"title":"The role of health education in the prevention of dental disease.","authors":"H C Hodge","doi":"10.1177/146642408110100510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408110100510","url":null,"abstract":"However, it still indicates that for a large proportion of the population, who have lost all their teeth, the dental services have been a total failure. Although disease prevalence is generally high, working class people fare even worse than their middle class peers. Again taking the proportion of people with no natural teeth in 1978 21 per cent of professional, intermediate and skilled non-manual workers were edentulous compared with 37 per cent of the semi-skilled non-manual, semiskilled manual and unskilled.","PeriodicalId":76506,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society of Health journal","volume":"101 5","pages":"206-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/146642408110100510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18315198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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