S & TA & NU. Rivista di scienza e tecnologia degli alimenti e di nutrizione umana最新文献

The most used consumer available margarines in Italy, showed important differecens regarding composition of the saturated (S.F.A.) and trans-unsaturated (T.U.F.A.) fatty acids. The ratio S.F.A./U.F.A. correlated well to the T.U.F.A. content. The margarines with the higher U.F.A. values presented also the higher T.U.F.A. values and corresponded to those prepared from a single seed oil (peanut, corn, sunflower). The monounsaturated fatty acids are composed of a mixture of geometrical and positional isomers with the unsaturation at any C atom between C6 and C16.

Irradiated and chemically treated potatoes were then stored at 10 degrees C and 80-85% relative humidity. Radiations caused complete inhibition of sprouting and for up to 10 months after harvest the physical and chemical condition of the potatoes remained satisfactory. On the other hand chemical treatment controlled sprouting for up to 7-8 months only. Irradiation and chemical condition of the potatoes rotting. Weight loss was higher in the chemically treated samples. Treatment by radiation did not effect vitamin C and niacin content as compared with chemically treated samples. Irradiation did not cause any change in the sucrose and the total sugar content, as compared with chemical treatment. Total and soluble nitrogen contents were not affected by either treatment. The response to both irradiation and chemical treamtments was only slightly affected by varietal factors provided that the potatoes were healthy and mature at harvest time.

Proline content of genuine wines from different areas is usually over 200 mg/1; a sample contained 1.920 mg/1; some samples has shown a lower content, with a minimum of 76 mg/1. No correlationship has been established between proline content and wine origin and age. Spectrophotometric method gives results markedly higher, in some cases, than give ion-exchange chromatogrpahy.

We studied the intestinal glucose absorption in a colony of rats at different ages. The experiment was carried out on animals of the following ages: 3, 5, 10 and 20 months. All rats were fasted 48 hr prior to the administration of 2 ml. 50% glucose solution by an oesophageal sound. After one hour the animals were killed, the intestine was washed with a determinated quantity of distilled water and homogenized, to find out any trace of glucose in mucose cells. Glucose absorption was calculated as the difference between the quantity introduced and that left in the intestine. The results of this experiment show that glucose absorption expressed as mg/100 gm. body weight/hr decrease significantly during the first 10 months, with no marked changes there after. Absorption rapidly increase during the first 16 month, if expressed as mg/hr. This is probably due to a remarkable weight increase without a proportional increase of intestinal length.

By fluorometric investigation on 42 commercial samples of alimentary pastes, it was established that unlawful custom of colouring these food products with riboflavin is no more performed; in fact, the riboflavin content of the sample examined by use was rather uniform and of the same order of that naturally occurring in these products.

The results we obtained in studying the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte stroma on vitamin A-deficient rats, led us to repeat the experiment on liver mitochondrial membranes. Two groups of albino male rats, of the Wistar strain, were fed for 90 days with a balanced and a vitamin A-free diet respectively. The animals were killed, total lipid from the membranes of liver mitochondria were extracted and fatty acids separated by gas-chromatography. It was noticed an increase in the percentage of saturated fatty acids; at the same time, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased. The results agree with those obtained in rats fed for 30 and 60 days with vitamin A-free diet. This seems to support the interpretation that vitamin A modifies, to some extent, the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

After an introduction on the various factors involved in food habits of humans, the A. is calling the attention on the importance of nutrition education, examining then some of the programs in use. Already in the maternal school the child can learn nutrition with applicative plays. It is compulsory to teach and follow also the in parents. For the compulsory school the nutrition should be taught as such or integrated in other courses as geography, history, mathematics and science. For adults the deep-seated food habits are making more difficult the educational programs. For successful results in nutrition education is essential that the programs are well planned and carried out from well trained personnel not only in nutritional sciences but also in education, cultural anthropology, psicology and sociology.

The residues of pesticides chlorinated and phosphorated on the fruit of Pesaro province at the moment of its immission on the market has been determined. No pesticides has found to have a residue near to toxicity values, but sometimes more than one pesticide has been found on the same sample. This fact, also if not alarming, must be attentively considered in order to promote a better information campaign and therefore a more rational use of those substances.

In this paper some practical considerations concerning food industries waste water are reported with the view to reduce global pollution and obtain a better utilisation of water supply. General principles and particular options leading to the realisation of an optimal depuration proceeding are set forth, followed by the illustration of some problems connected to waste water issues as well as means actually used for depuration in some typical food industries.