Stomatologiia. Stomatology最新文献

A patient is described, treated at the clinic for a disease, being a casuistic rarity. A child of 6 is concerned with a congenital skin fistula in the region of the neck, arising from the sublingual salivary gland. The treatment covers the radical extirpation of the gland with excision of the fistula duct. After an uneventful postoperative period, complete healing was attained.

Experimental, clinical and statistical studies on the effect and connection between the neuro-psychic diseases and the diseases of periodontium have been described and analyzed. Attention is drawn to the effect of the second signal system and stress states and diseases (with psychogenic, emotional character). The mechanism of stress effect is explained by the law of dialectic for unity and struggle of opposites. The possibility of stress states becoming etiological factors or morbid conditions for periodontium diseases is well grounded.

The purpose of the authors with the present study was to obtain data on the information of the pregnant women about problems associated with the stomatological health. Anonymous inquiry was carried out among 250 pregnant women from the town of Sumen and the region. The questionnaire has 7 questions. The answers give information on the knowledge about problems associated with nutrition, fluorine prophylaxis, formation of dental germs and cutting. The results reveal insufficient knowledge in all problems. Conclusions are drawn that the micro-courses during the last months of pregnancy in stomatological prophylaxis are ineffective. The individual work proved to be insufficient as well as the participation of the regional and workshop stomatologists.

Thermometric measurements were performed of 408 teeth of the upper and lower jaw with clinically confirmed initial and advanced stage of chronic ulcerous pulpitis in 398 subjects, aged from 18 to 30. Temperature elevation within the range from 1.4 to 3.2 degrees C was established in the initial form of chronic pulpitis and from 1 to 2.5 degrees C in advanced form of chronic pulpitis as compared with the norm. Significant difference in the temperature deviations exists in both forms of chronic pulpitis between the teeth of the upper and lower jaw.

The discovery of new data about the anatomy and physiology of the dental tissues, the improvement of the diagnostics of dental caries and the development of stomatological materials and technique are preconditions for a change of some concepts for the preparation of the cavities and their form. A new trend in cavity preparation is discussed on the base of literature data, characterized by maximum sparing of the hard dental tissues and a change in some of the geometric characteristics of the cavity form but the basic requirements for the biological and technical expedience remain unaltered.

After the public recognition of the dental plaque as the primary etiological factor for the diseases of gingiva and periodontium, the tartar is the object of comparatively small number of studies. The author discusses the publications during the last 25 years, grouping the results from the epidemiological, clinical, morphological and immunological studies. Throwing light on new aspects of the pathogenetic role of the tartar in maintaining and chronification of the gingival inflammation as well as in osseous resorption, puts new accent on the necessity of its removal in prophylaxis and therapy. The importance of tartar as a reservoir of antigen substances associated with the total reactivity of macro-organisms is stressed upon.

The author evaluates the clinical characteristics in the light of the concepts proceeding from the International histological classification of tumours of the salivary glands on the base of his own experience in the treatment of 208 patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands. The existing hospital documentation of the treated patients was analyzed as well as a repeated evaluation of the histological diagnosis made during the treatment and control of the therapeutic results via periodical inquiry of the treated patients. The author confirms the ratified unified nomenclature of the International classification and the benign nature of the pleomorphic adenoma. In that aspect he defends the surgical treatment of the pleomorphic adenoma as the method of choice and the high diagnostic value of the urgent intraoperative histological study. He advances the thesis for the application of more radical methods in the surgical treatment of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. According to the author, the morphological characteristics of the pleomorphic adenoma have no effect on the choice of the surgical methods for the treatment of that tumour.

The problem of chronic periostitis of the jaws and the difficulties that sometimes arise in differentiation from a tumourous process is briefly discussed. A case of a ten year old child with chronic ossifying periostitis is described that caused considerable differentiation-diagnostic difficulties, mainly because of the X-ray findings of orthopantomography and computer tomography, presenting data suggesting more a tumourous disease of the lower jaw. After the extraction of the sixth tooth of the lower jaw, with a chronic periapical process, and after antibiotic treatment, the disease was healed.