Stomatologiia. Stomatology最新文献

The objective of the work is to establish a regular connection in the distribution of the contact of the teeth in anterior, left and right lateral occlusion. It has been established that the upper central incisors, in anterior occlusion, have an individual contact in 71.85% and in 41.48%--parallel of the lower central and lateral incisors. Out of all contacts in anterior occlusion 3.82% involve the canines. Canines participate in the contact in 93.89% in case of lateral occlusion. The statistical processing of the results reveals that there is a poor regular connection in the distribution of the contacts in anterior, left and right lateral occlusion.

Total protein, lactate and enzyme activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were determined in mixed non-stimulated saliva of healthy and periodontitis sick patients, aged from 15 to 17. Enzyme determination, expressed in U/l was performed with ready tests of Boehringer; total protein in g%--according to Netelsson, lactate--in mg/100 ml. Increased activity of alkaline phosphatase was observed, depending on the inflammatory processes of periodontium. With acid phosphatase the discrepancies were more negligible but with a marked tendency to increased enzyme activity. The changes in lactate quantity were also indicative. No statistically significant differences were established for lactate dehydrogenase and total protein. Conclusions have been drawn for the practice.

The following parameters were studied in 71 subjects, aged from 7 to 38 with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, invaded by T. tenax: oral-hygienic index of Green and Vermillion before the specific Fasigyn treatment and on 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after the treatment; the presence of complement-combining antibodies against T. tenax and the dynamics of antibody synthesis by 3, 6, 12 and 15 month after the treatment. Thirty one subjected with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, non invaded by T tenax were studied as controls. It has been established that in 53.52% of the subjects with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, invaded by T tenax, the inflammatory changes in gingiva disappeared as early as the third day after the specific Fasigyn treatment and in the rest--by 30 day. Higher values of complement-combining antibodies against T. tenax with a titre from 1:40 to 1:2569 were established in 65.34% from the subjects with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, invaded by T. tenax. The titre of antibodies sharpy decreased by month 3 and was normalized by months 6-12 after Fasigyn treatment.

The information of the mothers as regards the possibilities of realization of complex prophylaxis of dental caries and periodontopathis is of great importance for such prophylaxis. The objective of this work is a sociological study, by the inquiry method, at the information level about those problems of 500 mothers of children, aged from 0 to 3 years in the town of Pernik. The results from the study reveal that the information level of the mothers is unsatisfactorily due to the insufficient work of the stomatologist in prenatal and well baby clinic. That raises the problem for exact regulation of prophylactic time of work with the pregnant and the mothers of little children.

The authors stress upon the various functional, physiological and cosmetic disorders in patients with frontal continuat resection of the lower jaw. Their experience in the treatment of eight patients with frontal resection reveals the advantages of the two-part prosthetic constructions, consisting of one fixed part blocking the teeth and one removable part replacing the defect. In all cases with big bone defects in the frontal region of the lower jaw the authors recommend removable partial denture with intracornal channel-shoulder-pin-attachement, being with high functional, medicobiological and aesthetic indices.

An orthopedic treatment mode is described of patients with hemiresection of the lower jaw with the retention of several teeth on the residual fragment. A postresectional overdenture with telescopic fixation and leading buccal phalanges have been worked out upon the properly formed, capped and splinted supporting teeth. The good results from the treatment reveal that overdentures are indicated for maxillofacial prosthesis.

Studies have been carried out on the incidence of cheilitis in case of occupational noxae: temperature, lead, manganese and carbon monoxide. The result from the treatment with temperature protective and some other pharmaceuticals is described.

The authors present data about the incidence of periodontal diseases among the population of the town of Razgrad obtained by mass prophylactic examinations and making use of CPITN index. The analysis of the results, obtained after the processing of the data, allows the specification of the therapeutic needs of 1151 workers examined as regards the periodontal diseases.

Brief literature data are presented about the incidence of the anomalies in the number of teeth: decreased--hypodontia and increased--hyperdontia, and the possibilities of their manifestation in the deciduous and later in the permanent dentition. A rare case is described with hyperdontia in the deciduous but hypodontia in the permanent dentition, namely: supernumerary II and absent 5[25/5[5 in a boy aged 4 years and 7 months. No family loaded anamnesis has been established nor any deviations in the physical and neuro-psychic development of the child. The necessity of an early and accurate diagnosis in similar cases are stressed upon as well as their follow up care with a view to intentional orthodontic treatment for the best arrangement of the permanent dentition.

A case of a 10-year old boy with anhidrotic ectodermal dyspasia is reported. The classic triad has been established--hypodontia, hypotrichosis and anhidrosis, confirmed by biopsy. The patient's genealogy was studied, revealing inheritance by C-chromosome. The early treatment results in functional, aesthetic and psychological effect. The prostheses should periodicaly be changed so as to guarantee the proper development of the jaws.