Stomatologiia. Stomatology最新文献

Recurrent aphthae is rather often disease during infantjuvenile age. The aphthous alterations on mucosa of the oral cavity could be of various etiology. They could be symptoms of a general aphthosis (recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Behçet's disease, Turen disease), an individual manifestation of allergic states, manifestation of immuno-deficiency states as well as secondary stomatitis during some general diseases. The present study presents information of the incidence of recurrent aphthae during various gastrointestinal diseases which progress with often alterations of oral cavity mucosa.

After a brief historical review on TNM classification of malignant tumours, a clinical (pre-treatment) and pathological (post-surgical) classification of the tumours of the salivary glands, is presented that has been proposed by the International Union for cancer control. The stages for the determination of the differentiation of the primary tumour--G are described as well as the grouping of the patients in four stages on the base of the data from the TNM categories. It has been underlined that the use of the unified TNM classification of malignant tumours of salivary glands is of importance for the improvement of the quality of the therapeutic work, for the improvement of the national and international collaboration in that section of oncology.

The authors propose a method for ultrasound treatment of a purulent focus in abscesses and phlegmons in the maxillofacial region. They use the properties of the ultrasound for that purpose, namely: stimulation of both local and general reactivity of organism, alteration of the immunologic properties of microbes and cells at the granulation swelling, destruction of microorganisms. After a broad excision of the purulent focus, a fixed tube drainage is inserted, through which the focal tissues are perfused by antiseptic and proteolytic solutions. At the same time the skin surface over the inflammatory region is treated with ultrasound. The application of that method results in reduction of the size of the inflammatory infiltration, reduction of purulence time and its definite arrest. The favourable therapeutic effect of the method is a good reason to be recommended for the surgical practice.

A device is proposed, by which bigger plastic details for stomatological purposes can be formed via high air pressure. For that purpose, a gas flow is led away to a special bell through an armoured rubber hose from the compressive installation of the somatological unit. The plastic foil is fixed by a clip-holder, adjusted also for work with basis-plaques. After the formation of the foil-matrix and its cooling, the air pressure is stopped. The device is prompted by the desire to facilitate the production of details necessary for the clinic, for the dental mechanic laboratory and for the stomatological research work. The device has been put into practice in the Stomatological Faculty, HMI, Plovdiv.

A rare case is described being a combination between incomplete bilateral cleft of lip and palate with malformative syndrome. The cytogenetic study revealed no deviation in the chromosomes of the proband. The genealogical study (covering all alive relatives--30) reveals a heterogenic manifestation of the clefts in the relatives studied, without any malformative changes in them. The data obtained, in the case described, tend to a possible autosomal-dominant heredity.

The possible risk factors originating during surgical stomatological interventions of patients on anticoagulant therapy are described in the paper. They are connected both with the main disease the reason the patient is on such a therapy and with the intake of anticoagulants being of two kinds; direct (physiological) and indirect. Two patients are described: one with prosthetization in 1982 with aorta prosthesis because of aortic valvular defect and a female patient with lupus eythematodes disseminata and severe organ disorders resulting from that (cardiac, renal, amputation of the left arm). Both patients were on maintenance therapy with indirect coagulants: sincoumar and sintrom. The author describes the pre-operation treatment, mode of anticoagulant dosing during and after the surgical intervention and the agents used for local hemostasis and antibiotic protection. Hemorrhagic complications were not observed in the patients described. Based on literature data and the patients described, the authors takes the liberty to sum up the tendencies in the behaviour of the stomatologist during surgical sanation of oral cavity of patients, on anticoagulant therapy.

A five-year experimental and clinical experience is presented in this paper from the studies on the osteoplastic properties of demineralized ostetoransplants (DOT) in plastic surgery of the lower jaw. The comparative evaluation of the results from the experiments shows that the DOT as well as the frozen allotransplants are substitute for newly formed osseous tissue but the regeneration process in transplantation of DOT advances faster contrary to the frozen transplants. Twenty nine patients with defects of the lower jaw underwent operations under clinical conditions. Positive results were attained in 25 of them (86.7%) and negative--in 4 (13.3%). The saturation of DOT with antiseptics (dimexid, gentamycin, etc.) allows its use also in infected defects of the lower jaw.

Observations were carried out--visual and via photos--of 180 subjects (83 males and 97 females) in order to establish the incidence of coincidence between the line of the cutting edges of the upper front teeth with the contours of the base of the nose and the lower lip while smiling. It has been established that the total configuration of the cutting edges is perceived visually as a curved wave-like line, whose arch, in the majority of the cases, does not correspond to the form of the nose but, most often, coincides with the contuour of the lower lip. Attaining of the mentioned harmonious conformity between those two linesis recommended in the working out of aesthetic prosthetic constructions.