Pub Date : 1998-08-01DOI: 10.1093/NEUCAS/4.4.399-J
M. Behrmann, T. Lieberthal
The aim of this study was to improve the comprehension of single items in a subject with global aphasia. Existing models of semantic organisation were used to inform and guide the treatment programme. Detailed pre-therapy testing suggested a severe comprehension deficit with an inability to obtain a precise semantic specification of the items, irrespective of modality of input. A category-specific hierarchical treatment programme including generic and specific details about items was implemented through various exercises and drills. Post-therapy testing revealed a significant improvement on treated and untreated items of treated categories but limited generalisation to items in untreated categories. Improvement in the subject's general semantic abilities was also documented following treatment. The results, which are shown to be a direct consequence of the intervention programme, lend support to the categorical and hierarchical view of the organisation of semantics and provide a basis for future rehabilitation studies in this area.
{"title":"Category-specific treatment of a lexical-semantic deficit: a single case study of global aphasia.","authors":"M. Behrmann, T. Lieberthal","doi":"10.1093/NEUCAS/4.4.399-J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/NEUCAS/4.4.399-J","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to improve the comprehension of single items in a subject with global aphasia. Existing models of semantic organisation were used to inform and guide the treatment programme. Detailed pre-therapy testing suggested a severe comprehension deficit with an inability to obtain a precise semantic specification of the items, irrespective of modality of input. A category-specific hierarchical treatment programme including generic and specific details about items was implemented through various exercises and drills. Post-therapy testing revealed a significant improvement on treated and untreated items of treated categories but limited generalisation to items in untreated categories. Improvement in the subject's general semantic abilities was also documented following treatment. The results, which are shown to be a direct consequence of the intervention programme, lend support to the categorical and hierarchical view of the organisation of semantics and provide a basis for future rehabilitation studies in this area.","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"24 3 1","pages":"281-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61060402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autism.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"24 2","pages":"107-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13748259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019848
J H Connolly
The concepts of speech intelligibility and unintelligibility are examined from a theoretical linguistic point of view, and it is argued that unintelligibility is a special case of a broader phenomenon which is here termed indeterminability. It is further contended that the identification of potential sources of unintelligibility and other kinds of indeterminability should be an aim of linguistic assessment procedures.
{"title":"Intelligibility: a linguistic view.","authors":"J H Connolly","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019848","url":null,"abstract":"The concepts of speech intelligibility and unintelligibility are examined from a theoretical linguistic point of view, and it is argued that unintelligibility is a special case of a broader phenomenon which is here termed indeterminability. It is further contended that the identification of potential sources of unintelligibility and other kinds of indeterminability should be an aim of linguistic assessment procedures.","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"371-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019848","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019847
S Andrews, J Warner, R Stewart
Two methods of relaxing laryngeal musculature were investigated in adults with hyperfunctional dysphonia. Assessments were conducted pre-treatment, post-treatment and at three month follow-up. Measures included the level of superficial laryngeal tension using an electromyogram, control of vocal fold vibration using Fx traces from an electrolaryngograph and an auditory evaluation using a phonation profile. Two personality questionnaires were administered and the subjects'self-rating of voice was recorded. the duration of treatment was noted. Subjects were matched into groups receiving either laryngeal EMG biofeedback or progressive relaxation, both within a graded voice training programme. A significant improvement in all measures occurred for both programmes, which was maintained at follow-up. No significant difference between the two approaches emerged. Implications for the assessment and treatment of hyperfunctional dysphonia are discussed.
{"title":"EMG biofeedback and relaxation in the treatment of hyperfunctional dysphonia.","authors":"S Andrews, J Warner, R Stewart","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019847","url":null,"abstract":"Two methods of relaxing laryngeal musculature were investigated in adults with hyperfunctional dysphonia. Assessments were conducted pre-treatment, post-treatment and at three month follow-up. Measures included the level of superficial laryngeal tension using an electromyogram, control of vocal fold vibration using Fx traces from an electrolaryngograph and an auditory evaluation using a phonation profile. Two personality questionnaires were administered and the subjects'self-rating of voice was recorded. the duration of treatment was noted. Subjects were matched into groups receiving either laryngeal EMG biofeedback or progressive relaxation, both within a graded voice training programme. A significant improvement in all measures occurred for both programmes, which was maintained at follow-up. No significant difference between the two approaches emerged. Implications for the assessment and treatment of hyperfunctional dysphonia are discussed.","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"353-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019847","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14433965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019850
H J Chenery, B E Murdoch
A case is presented of a 35‐year‐old, right‐handed man who exhibited a range of clinical features indicative of mixed transcortical aphasia subsequent to a heroin overdose. The findings of a comprehensive language evaluation, neurological assessment and neuroradiological examination are described and discussed. The major feature of the patient's language disorder was the relative loss of the voluntary aspects of language (eg spontaneous speech; the ability to initiate or actively participate in conversations) compared to the preservation of the automatic, non‐volitional components of language (eg repetition; rules of syntactic agreement; completion phenomena; and verbal automatisms). It was concluded that the features of mixed transcortical aphasia demonstrated were most likely the result of anoxic changes in the arterial borderzone occurring secondary to the drug overdose. 1986 Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists
{"title":"A case of mixed transcortical aphasia following drug overdose.","authors":"H J Chenery, B E Murdoch","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019850","url":null,"abstract":"A case is presented of a 35‐year‐old, right‐handed man who exhibited a range of clinical features indicative of mixed transcortical aphasia subsequent to a heroin overdose. The findings of a comprehensive language evaluation, neurological assessment and neuroradiological examination are described and discussed. The major feature of the patient's language disorder was the relative loss of the voluntary aspects of language (eg spontaneous speech; the ability to initiate or actively participate in conversations) compared to the preservation of the automatic, non‐volitional components of language (eg repetition; rules of syntactic agreement; completion phenomena; and verbal automatisms). It was concluded that the features of mixed transcortical aphasia demonstrated were most likely the result of anoxic changes in the arterial borderzone occurring secondary to the drug overdose. 1986 Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"381-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019850","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13589297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019849
D Kallen, R C Marshall, D E Casey
The evaluation and treatment of a 40 year old man with a diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome with accompanying dysarthria is described. the patient responded to symptomatic behavioural therapy similar to that for other functional speech and voice disorders. the speech pathologist may serve an important role in the management of such cases.
{"title":"Atypical dysarthria in Munchausen syndrome.","authors":"D Kallen, R C Marshall, D E Casey","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019849","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation and treatment of a 40 year old man with a diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome with accompanying dysarthria is described. the patient responded to symptomatic behavioural therapy similar to that for other functional speech and voice disorders. the speech pathologist may serve an important role in the management of such cases.","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"377-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019846
G Conti-Ramsden, M Gunn
Along with the pragmatic revolution has come the realisation that some children have major difficulties in engaging and maintaining conversational interaction. the present study displays the evolving profile of a boy, Tony, who experiences problems in this area. It is argued that in order to understand the nature of such problems it is necessary not only to have detailed and rigorous analysis of language samples but also data collected across time and in areas other than conversational development.
{"title":"The development of conversational disability: a case study.","authors":"G Conti-Ramsden, M Gunn","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019846","url":null,"abstract":"Along with the pragmatic revolution has come the realisation that some children have major difficulties in engaging and maintaining conversational interaction. the present study displays the evolving profile of a boy, Tony, who experiences problems in this area. It is argued that in order to understand the nature of such problems it is necessary not only to have detailed and rigorous analysis of language samples but also data collected across time and in areas other than conversational development.","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"339-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019846","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019843
H van der Lely, H Dewart
This study investigated sentence comprehension and the use of sentence comprehension strategies by specifically language impaired children. Eleven specifically language impaired (SLI) children (aged 4,0 to 6,0), chosen according to strict criteria, were compared with eleven children matched on chronological age and eleven language controls matched on the receptive scores from the Reynell Developmental Language Scale and the British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Subjects acted out active and passive voice sentences that had either a positive or negative semantic bias or were unbiased semantically. the SLI children performed at a signficantly lower level than both the age and language control subjects. They relied more heavily on semantic cues than the language control children and all eleven consistently applied a ‘probable event strategy’. Word order responses that took the first noun to be the actor were used with equal frequency by SLI children and language controls. However, these responses were used less ...
{"title":"Sentence comprehension strategies in specifically language impaired children.","authors":"H van der Lely, H Dewart","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019843","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated sentence comprehension and the use of sentence comprehension strategies by specifically language impaired children. Eleven specifically language impaired (SLI) children (aged 4,0 to 6,0), chosen according to strict criteria, were compared with eleven children matched on chronological age and eleven language controls matched on the receptive scores from the Reynell Developmental Language Scale and the British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Subjects acted out active and passive voice sentences that had either a positive or negative semantic bias or were unbiased semantically. the SLI children performed at a signficantly lower level than both the age and language control subjects. They relied more heavily on semantic cues than the language control children and all eleven consistently applied a ‘probable event strategy’. Word order responses that took the first noun to be the actor were used with equal frequency by SLI children and language controls. However, these responses were used less ...","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"291-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019845
D V Bishop, A Edmundson
{"title":"Is otitis media a major cause of specific developmental language disorders?","authors":"D V Bishop, A Edmundson","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"321-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019845","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-12-01DOI: 10.3109/13682828609019844
B B Brown, M Bendersky, T Chapman
This study examined the utterances of infants horn preterm in order to ascertain whether there were any differences in speech-sound production between healthy preterm infants and those who had suffered perinatal insult. Thirty-three infants whose corrected ages ranged from nine months to 22 months were assessed. Of these, 21 had suffered intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH); the remaining 12 acted as controls. the assessment measure was derived from the literature on early vocalisations through to two-word combinations. These assessments were administered by a speech therapist and a medical student. Results showed a high correlation with the results of a standardised test of expressive communication administered by a psychologist. Both groups of subjects showed delay in speech-sound acquisition but the IVH infants showed a more severe delay and wider range of performance than did the control group. These findings and their implications are discussed together with others relating to the most propitious situa...
{"title":"The early utterances of preterm infants.","authors":"B B Brown, M Bendersky, T Chapman","doi":"10.3109/13682828609019844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13682828609019844","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the utterances of infants horn preterm in order to ascertain whether there were any differences in speech-sound production between healthy preterm infants and those who had suffered perinatal insult. Thirty-three infants whose corrected ages ranged from nine months to 22 months were assessed. Of these, 21 had suffered intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH); the remaining 12 acted as controls. the assessment measure was derived from the literature on early vocalisations through to two-word combinations. These assessments were administered by a speech therapist and a medical student. Results showed a high correlation with the results of a standardised test of expressive communication administered by a psychologist. Both groups of subjects showed delay in speech-sound acquisition but the IVH infants showed a more severe delay and wider range of performance than did the control group. These findings and their implications are discussed together with others relating to the most propitious situa...","PeriodicalId":76610,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of disorders of communication","volume":"21 3","pages":"307-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/13682828609019844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14771811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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