The Journal of the Philippine Dental Association最新文献

This study is conducted to determine the different types of microorganisms found in the saliva of individuals with varying degrees of oral hygiene, also to determine the effectiveness of 1% Povidone Iodine (Betadine) 1% gargle oral antiseptic as a pre-procedural mouthrinse in individuals with varying degrees of oral hygiene, and lastly to be able to determine the duration of the effectiveness of the solution. The cheek mucosa of the patients are procured of saliva specimens without prior rinsing of 1% Povidone Iodine and the saliva sample obtained was placed on a test tube with thioglycollate culture media and was labelled. The patients are asked to rinse or to gargle immediately with 1% Povidone Iodine at full strength (20ml.) for about 30 seconds. After two hours, the cheek mucosa was then again swabbed and placed on the second test tube. After four hours, the same procedure was done and the saliva specimen obtained was labelled and placed on the third test tube. The result of this study revealed that 1% Povidone Iodine used as a pre-procedural mouthrinse has a bactericidal effect in the microorganism concentration resulting to the reduction of surviving microorganisms up to four hours which is the limitation of the study.

Although the development of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacture (CAM) technology and the benefits of increased productivity became obvious in the automobile and aerospace industries in the 1970s, investigations of this technology's application in the field of dentistry did not begin until the 1980s. Only now are we beginning to see the fruits of this work with the commercial availability of some systems; the potential for this technology seems boundless. This article reviews the recent literature with emphasis on the period from June 1992 to May 1993. This review should familiarize the reader with some of the latest developments in this technology, including a brief description of some systems currently available and the clinical and economical rationale for their acceptance into the dental mainstream. This article concentrates on a particular system, the Cerec (Siemens/Pelton and Crane, Charlotte, NC) system, for three reasons: First, this system has been available since 1985 and, as a result, has a track record of almost 7 years of data. Most of the data have just recently been released and consequently, much of this year's literature on CAD-CAM is monopolized by studies using this system. Second, this system was developed as a mobile, affordable, direct chairside CAD-CAM restorative method. As such, it is of special interest to the patient, providing a one-visit restoration. Third, the author is currently engaged in research using this particular system and has a working knowledge of this system's capabilities.

A 6-month clinical and radiographical survey was done on 210 patients consulting the hospital for management of impacted third molars. A majority (37%) consulted for pain secondary to a carious lesion but waited 1 week (21%) from the onset of symptoms until consultation. Ninety-one percent of third molars were partially erupted, while 9% were unerupted. Two hundred thirty third molars from 166 patients were included in the radiographic survey showing the highest occurrence of the Class 2 position A (49%) and the mesioangular orientation (48%).

Bone response to hydroxyapatite (A) fillers in the cured 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META)/metyl methacrylate (MMA) - tri-n-butyl borane (TBB) adhesive bone cement was evaluated. Two component system consisting of powder and liquid was formulated. The liquid portion was 5% 4-META in MMA and TBB; Powder was composed of 50 wt% poly(MM/a) (PMMA) and 50 wt% dense HA particles. The results indicated that the tensile strength decreased when the HA filler size increased. Thirty-six implants in three dogs for up to 12 weeks showed HA filled PMMA-4 META cement was stable in the cement-bone interface. Histologic examinations showed that the exposed HA particles at the surface of the cured cement were generally associated with bone formation without fibrous tissue, as well as interdigitation of cement to bone. Suggesting the importance of HA fillers in inducing bone apposition that results in stable cement binding to bone, thereby complementing fast initial bone fixation of the cement.

Patients consulting the Philippine General Hospital Dentistry Department for management of impacted mandibular third molars were studied for the presence of pericoronits and deep fascial space infections. 18% of total cases presented an infection, while 13% presented with pericoronitis. 11% presented with deep fascial infection of which 72% were secondary to pericoronitis. A radiographic evaluation showed the vertical angulation (68%) with the highest portion at or above the occlusal level (70%) associated the most with pericoronits. The potential of pericoronitis developing to a deep space infection should always be considered.

Since its introduction 10 years ago, the etched porcelain veneer restoration has performed exceedingly well. The union of etched porcelain, composite resin cement, and etched enamel has proven over this time to be an exceptionally durable and highly esthetic restoration. The author has placed more than 5,000 etched porcelain veneer restorations over the past 10 years, but has had to replace less than two percent of these restorations because of clinical failure. If properly constructed and placed, this restoration, has the potential to survive the hostile oral environment at least as long as any other dental restoration if not longer. This restoration should now be considered the modality of choice for many conditions that might previously have been treated with full coverage or direct composite bonding.

The foremost criterion in the insertion of endosteal implants is bone availability. Implant dentists should consider first the amount of available bone of the edentulous ridge where the endosteal implant will be inserted. A common error and cause of many implant failures is the dentist's use of an implant modality which is not indicated for the density and morphology of the available bone in the edentulous ridge. Implant modality/system is not the primary criterion in the insertion of endosteal implants. Before the dentist inserts an endosteal implant, he should gauge or measure the amount of bone where the implant is intended to be placed. It should be measured in width, height, length, trajectory, and implant-crown ratio. After recording the measurements of the available bone, these should be placed in different categories to serve as guides in implant selection. If there is not enough bone for the endosteal implant, bone modification should be performed. This can be done either by osteoplasty or ridge augmentation with the use of bone grafting materials. Aside from the amount of available bone in the edentulous ridge, another very, very important thing that should be considered is the quality or its density. Any biocompatible implant demonstrates some osseointegrated surfaces depending upon the bone type into which it is placed and the loads placed upon it. Implant body must exhibit a macrogeometry suitable for acceptable levels of force transfer to the surrounding tissues as well as for implantation into a bony site of a particular anatomic size.