AIMS Materials Science最新文献_第9页

Circular self-cleaning building materials and fabrics using dual doped TiO2 nanomaterials 使用双掺杂TiO2纳米材料的圆形自清洁建筑材料和织物

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022032

E. Karagiannis, Dimitra Papadaki, M. Assimakopoulos

Nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) among other oxides can be used as a prominent photocatalytic nanomaterial with self-cleaning properties. TiO2 is selected in this research, due to its high photocatalytic activity, high stability and low cost. Metal doping has proved to be a successful approach for enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of photocatalysts. Photocatalytic products can be applied in the building sector, using both building materials as a matrix, but also in fabrics. In this study undoped and Mn-In, Mn-Cu, In-Ni, Mn-Ni bimetallic doped TiO2 nanostructures were synthesized using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Decolorization efficiency of applied nanocoatings on fabrics and 3-D printed sustainable blocks made from recycled building materials was studied, both under UV as well as visible light for Methylene Blue (MB), using a self-made depollution and self-cleaning apparatus. Nanocoated samples showed high MB decolorization and great potential in self-cleaning applications. Results showed that the highest MB decolorization for both applications were observed for 0.25 at% Mn-In doped TiO2. For the application of 3-D printed blocks Mn-In and In-Ni doped TiO2 showed the highest net MB decolorization, 25.1 and 22.6%, respectively. For the application of nanocoated fabrics, three samples (Mn-In, In-Ni and Mn-Cu doped TiO2) showed high MB decolorization (58.1, 52.7 and 47.6%, respectively) under indirect sunlight, while under UV light the fabric coated with Mn-In and In-Ni doped TiO2 showed the highest MB decolorization rate 26.1 and 24.0%, respectively.

纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)是一种具有自清洁特性的纳米光催化材料。本研究选择TiO2，是因为其光催化活性高、稳定性高、成本低。金属掺杂已被证明是提高光催化剂光催化效率的有效途径。光催化产品可以应用于建筑领域，既可以使用建筑材料作为基质，也可以应用于织物。本研究采用微波辅助水热法合成了未掺杂和Mn-In、Mn-Cu、In- ni、Mn-Ni双金属掺杂的TiO2纳米结构。利用自制的去污自清洁装置，研究了纳米涂层在UV和可见光下对亚甲基蓝(MB)的脱色效果。纳米包覆样品表现出较高的MB脱色率和自清洁应用潜力。结果表明，当Mn-In掺杂的TiO2浓度为0.25时，两种应用的MB脱色率均最高。对于3d打印块体的应用，Mn-In和In-Ni掺杂TiO2的净MB脱色率最高，分别为25.1%和22.6%。对于纳米涂层织物的应用，3种样品(Mn-In, In-Ni和Mn-Cu掺杂TiO2)在间接阳光下的MB脱色率分别为58.1%，52.7和47.6%，而在紫外光下，Mn-In和In-Ni掺杂TiO2涂层织物的MB脱色率最高，分别为26.1%和24.0%。

{"title":"Circular self-cleaning building materials and fabrics using dual doped TiO2 nanomaterials","authors":"E. Karagiannis, Dimitra Papadaki, M. Assimakopoulos","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022032","url":null,"abstract":"Nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) among other oxides can be used as a prominent photocatalytic nanomaterial with self-cleaning properties. TiO2 is selected in this research, due to its high photocatalytic activity, high stability and low cost. Metal doping has proved to be a successful approach for enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of photocatalysts. Photocatalytic products can be applied in the building sector, using both building materials as a matrix, but also in fabrics. In this study undoped and Mn-In, Mn-Cu, In-Ni, Mn-Ni bimetallic doped TiO2 nanostructures were synthesized using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Decolorization efficiency of applied nanocoatings on fabrics and 3-D printed sustainable blocks made from recycled building materials was studied, both under UV as well as visible light for Methylene Blue (MB), using a self-made depollution and self-cleaning apparatus. Nanocoated samples showed high MB decolorization and great potential in self-cleaning applications. Results showed that the highest MB decolorization for both applications were observed for 0.25 at% Mn-In doped TiO2. For the application of 3-D printed blocks Mn-In and In-Ni doped TiO2 showed the highest net MB decolorization, 25.1 and 22.6%, respectively. For the application of nanocoated fabrics, three samples (Mn-In, In-Ni and Mn-Cu doped TiO2) showed high MB decolorization (58.1, 52.7 and 47.6%, respectively) under indirect sunlight, while under UV light the fabric coated with Mn-In and In-Ni doped TiO2 showed the highest MB decolorization rate 26.1 and 24.0%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70088934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of water desalination/purification with molecular dynamics and machine learning techniques 用分子动力学和机器学习技术研究海水淡化/净化

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022054

Christos Stavrogiannis, F. Sofos, T. Karakasidis, D. Vavougios

This paper incorporates a number of parameters, such as nanopore size, wall wettability, and electric field strength, to assess their effect on ion removal from nanochannels filled with water. Molecular dynamics simulations are incorporated to monitor the process and a numerical database is created with the results. We show that the movement of ions in water nanochannels under the effect of an electric field is multifactorial. Potential energy regions of various strength are formed inside the nanochannel, and ions are either drifted to the walls and rejected from the solution or form clusters that are trapped inside low potential energy regions. Further computational investigation is made with the incorporation of machine learning techniques that suggest an alternative path to predict the water/ion solution properties. Our test procedure here involves the calculation of diffusion coefficient values and the incorporation of four ML algorithms, for comparison reasons, which exploit MD calculated results and are trained to predict the diffusion coefficient values in cases where no simulation data exist. This two-fold computational approach constitutes a fast and accurate solution that could be adjusted to similar ion separation models for property extraction.

本文结合了一些参数，如纳米孔大小、壁润湿性和电场强度，来评估它们对从充满水的纳米通道中去除离子的影响。结合分子动力学模拟来监测过程，并根据结果创建了数值数据库。我们证明了离子在电场作用下在水纳米通道中的运动是多因素的。纳米通道内部形成了不同强度的势能区，离子要么漂移到壁上，被溶液排斥，要么形成团簇，被困在低势能区。进一步的计算研究结合了机器学习技术，提出了预测水/离子溶液性质的替代途径。我们这里的测试过程涉及扩散系数值的计算和四种ML算法的结合，出于比较的原因，这些算法利用MD的计算结果并经过训练，可以在没有模拟数据的情况下预测扩散系数值。这种双重计算方法构成了一个快速和准确的解决方案，可以调整到类似的离子分离模型的性质提取。

{"title":"Investigation of water desalination/purification with molecular dynamics and machine learning techniques","authors":"Christos Stavrogiannis, F. Sofos, T. Karakasidis, D. Vavougios","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022054","url":null,"abstract":"This paper incorporates a number of parameters, such as nanopore size, wall wettability, and electric field strength, to assess their effect on ion removal from nanochannels filled with water. Molecular dynamics simulations are incorporated to monitor the process and a numerical database is created with the results. We show that the movement of ions in water nanochannels under the effect of an electric field is multifactorial. Potential energy regions of various strength are formed inside the nanochannel, and ions are either drifted to the walls and rejected from the solution or form clusters that are trapped inside low potential energy regions. Further computational investigation is made with the incorporation of machine learning techniques that suggest an alternative path to predict the water/ion solution properties. Our test procedure here involves the calculation of diffusion coefficient values and the incorporation of four ML algorithms, for comparison reasons, which exploit MD calculated results and are trained to predict the diffusion coefficient values in cases where no simulation data exist. This two-fold computational approach constitutes a fast and accurate solution that could be adjusted to similar ion separation models for property extraction.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70089349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of thickness on photovoltaic properties of amorphous carbon/fullerene junction 厚度对非晶碳/富勒烯结光电性能的影响

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022026

Takuto Eguchi, S. Kato, N. Kishi, T. Soga

All-carbon photovoltaic devices have attracted attention in terms of resources and environment. However, the device application is very limited because of poor performance. In this work, we studied the solar cell characteristics of amorphous carbon (a–C)/fullerene (C60) junction when the thickness of the a–C layer was varied. When the thickness of the a–C layer was varied, the short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage increased with increasing film thickness and then decreased after a certain value. Also, the spectral response measurement results suggest that most of the power generation is due to the light absorbed by the C60 layer, and that the light absorbed by the a–C layer may contribute little to power generation. This study suggests that the improvement in the electronic properties of a–C is necessary to make a photovoltaic device with high performance.

全碳光伏器件在资源和环境方面备受关注。然而，由于性能不佳，该器件的应用非常有限。在本工作中，我们研究了非晶碳(a-C)/富勒烯(C60)结在a-C层厚度变化时的太阳能电池特性。改变a -c层厚度时，短路电流密度和开路电压随膜厚度的增加而增大，达到一定厚度后减小。此外，光谱响应测量结果表明，大部分的发电是由于C60层吸收的光，而a-C层吸收的光对发电的贡献可能很小。本研究表明，提高a - c的电子性能是制造高性能光伏器件的必要条件。

引用次数: 0

Obtaining preforms by additive fused deposition modelling (FDM) extrusion technology for the manufacture of high-performance composites 采用增材熔融沉积(FDM)挤压技术制备高性能复合材料预制体

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022028

M. Mendizabal, M. Garcia, Luis Palenzuela, Enrique Hernández

The composites industry is present in practically all industrial sectors with an annual growth rate of 5%. Its contribution to the priority "light-weighting" driver in the transport sector is key. The efficiency of the industry is made possible by the evolution of manufacturing processes that also improve the performance of the products obtained. For example, out-of-autoclave (OOA) processes can obtain high-performance composites such as those obtained by the autoclave process at lower costs. A key aspect in the development of this type of process is the preforming of continuous fibre reinforcements, which can achieve high fibre percentages while facilitating processing. Manufacturing these preforms currently requires multiple steps, equipment and tooling. TECNALIA's work developing the ADDICOMP technology, an alternative preform manufacturing method using an additive process based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is detailed in this article. This development is patented by Tecnalia and was conducted in 2 phases: (a) development of continuous fibre filaments coated with polymeric material and printable by FDM and (b) fine-tuning of FDM technology to print filaments with a very high content of continuous fibre.

复合材料工业几乎存在于所有工业部门，年增长率为5%。它对交通运输领域优先“轻量化”驱动的贡献是关键。工业的效率是通过制造工艺的发展而实现的，制造工艺也提高了所获得产品的性能。例如，非高压灭菌器(OOA)工艺可以以较低的成本获得高性能复合材料，例如通过高压灭菌器工艺获得的复合材料。这类工艺发展的一个关键方面是连续纤维增强的预成型，它可以在促进加工的同时实现高纤维百分比。目前，制造这些预成形件需要多个步骤、设备和工具。本文详细介绍了TECNALIA开发的ADDICOMP技术，这是一种使用基于熔融沉积建模(FDM)的添加剂工艺的预制体制造方法。这项开发由Tecnalia获得专利，分两个阶段进行:(a)开发涂有聚合物材料并可通过FDM打印的连续纤维长丝;(b)微调FDM技术以打印具有非常高含量连续纤维的长丝。

{"title":"Obtaining preforms by additive fused deposition modelling (FDM) extrusion technology for the manufacture of high-performance composites","authors":"M. Mendizabal, M. Garcia, Luis Palenzuela, Enrique Hernández","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022028","url":null,"abstract":"The composites industry is present in practically all industrial sectors with an annual growth rate of 5%. Its contribution to the priority \"light-weighting\" driver in the transport sector is key. The efficiency of the industry is made possible by the evolution of manufacturing processes that also improve the performance of the products obtained. For example, out-of-autoclave (OOA) processes can obtain high-performance composites such as those obtained by the autoclave process at lower costs. A key aspect in the development of this type of process is the preforming of continuous fibre reinforcements, which can achieve high fibre percentages while facilitating processing. Manufacturing these preforms currently requires multiple steps, equipment and tooling. TECNALIA's work developing the ADDICOMP technology, an alternative preform manufacturing method using an additive process based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is detailed in this article. This development is patented by Tecnalia and was conducted in 2 phases: (a) development of continuous fibre filaments coated with polymeric material and printable by FDM and (b) fine-tuning of FDM technology to print filaments with a very high content of continuous fibre.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70088729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A molecular dynamics study concerning the effect of high-temperature and high-pressure on the structure and phase transition of Fe2O3 material 高温高压对Fe2O3材料结构和相变影响的分子动力学研究

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022024

D. Trong, V. C. Long, Phu Nguyen Dang, Ș. Ţălu

This paper uses Molecular Dynamics (MD) method to study the influence of high temperature (T) and high pressure (P) on the structure and phase transition of Fe₂O₃ materials. The results show that, when increasing the temperature from T = 300 K to T = 7000 K, P = 0.0 GPa, the size (1) of the Fe₂O₃ materials increases, the energy (E) increases, the length link (r) decreased, the number of structural units FeO₄, FeO₅ increased, and FeO₆ decreased. Similarly, as the pressure (P) is increased, from P = 0 GPa to P = 360 GPa at temperatures T, l decreases, E increases, r decreases, FeO₄ decreases and disappears, FeO₅ decreases, and FeO₆ increases at high P with P ≥ 150 GPa, FeO₅ disappeared at P ≥ 250 GPa and only FeO₆ appeared at T = 2300, 7000 K. In addition, when increasing T, P, the bond angle of Fe–O–Fe, O–Fe–O decreases, E increases, r decreases, l increases when T increases and l decreases when P increases, leading to the number of structural units FeO₄, FeO₅ increasing and FeO₆ decreasing when T increases and vice versa when P increases. In addition, the phase transition temperature (T_m), T_m = 2300 K was determined. All the obtained results will be the basis for future experimental studies of amorphous Fe₂O₃ materials.

本文采用分子动力学(MD)方法研究了高温(T)和高压(P)对Fe2O3材料结构和相变的影响。结果表明:当温度从T = 300 K升高到T = 7000 K, P = 0.0 GPa时，Fe2O3材料的尺寸(1)增加，能量(E)增加，长度链(r)减少，FeO4、FeO5的结构单元数量增加，FeO6的结构单元数量减少;同样，随着压力(P)的增加，温度为T时，从P = 0 GPa到P = 360 GPa, l减小，E增大，r减小，FeO4减小并消失，FeO5减小，FeO6在P≥150 GPa时高P时增加，P≥250 GPa时FeO5消失，在T = 2300, 7000 K时只出现FeO6。另外，随着T、P的增加，Fe-O-Fe、O-Fe-O的键角减小，E增大，r减小，l增大，P增大，l减小，导致FeO4、FeO5的结构单元数量随着T的增加而增加，FeO6的数量随着P的增加而减少。测定了相变温度(Tm)， Tm = 2300 K。所得结果将为今后非晶Fe2O3材料的实验研究奠定基础。

{"title":"A molecular dynamics study concerning the effect of high-temperature and high-pressure on the structure and phase transition of Fe2O3 material","authors":"D. Trong, V. C. Long, Phu Nguyen Dang, Ș. Ţălu","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022024","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract> This paper uses Molecular Dynamics (MD) method to study the influence of high temperature (T) and high pressure (P) on the structure and phase transition of Fe2O3 materials. The results show that, when increasing the temperature from T = 300 K to T = 7000 K, P = 0.0 GPa, the size (1) of the Fe2O3 materials increases, the energy (E) increases, the length link (r) decreased, the number of structural units FeO4, FeO5 increased, and FeO6 decreased. Similarly, as the pressure (P) is increased, from P = 0 GPa to P = 360 GPa at temperatures T, l decreases, E increases, r decreases, FeO4 decreases and disappears, FeO5 decreases, and FeO6 increases at high P with P ≥ 150 GPa, FeO5 disappeared at P ≥ 250 GPa and only FeO6 appeared at T = 2300, 7000 K. In addition, when increasing T, P, the bond angle of Fe–O–Fe, O–Fe–O decreases, E increases, r decreases, l increases when T increases and l decreases when P increases, leading to the number of structural units FeO4, FeO5 increasing and FeO6 decreasing when T increases and vice versa when P increases. In addition, the phase transition temperature (Tm), Tm = 2300 K was determined. All the obtained results will be the basis for future experimental studies of amorphous Fe2O3 materials. </abstract>","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70088953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Seismic performance of ductile corrosion-free reinforced concrete frames 延性无腐蚀钢筋混凝土框架的抗震性能

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022046

M. Meshaly, M. Youssef, Ahmed A. Elansary

Corrosion of steel bars is the main cause of the deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. To avoid this problem, steel rebars can be replaced with glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer (GFRP). However, the brittle behaviour of GFRP RC elements has limited their use in many applications. The use of shape memory alloy (SMA) and/or stainless steel (SS) rebars can solve this problem, because of their ductile behaviour and corrosion resistance. However, their high price is a major obstacle. To address issues of ductility, corrosion, and cost, this paper examines the hybrid use of GFRP, SS, and SMA in RC frames. The use of SMA provides an additional advantage as it reduces seismic residual deformations. Three frames were designed. A steel RC frame, SS-GFRP RC frame, and SMA-SS-GFRP RC frame. The design criteria for the two GFRP RC frames followed previous research by the authors, which aimed at having approximately equal lateral resistance, stiffness, and ductility for GFRP and steel RC frames. The three frames were then analyzed using twenty seismic records. Their seismic performance confirmed the success of the adopted design methodology in achieving corrosion-free frames that provide adequate seismic performance.

钢筋锈蚀是钢筋混凝土结构劣化的主要原因。为了避免这个问题，钢筋可以用玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)代替。然而，GFRP构件的脆性特性限制了其在许多应用中的应用。形状记忆合金(SMA)和/或不锈钢(SS)钢筋的使用可以解决这个问题，因为它们具有延展性和耐腐蚀性。然而，它们的高价格是一个主要障碍。为了解决延性、腐蚀和成本问题，本文研究了GFRP、SS和SMA在RC框架中的混合使用。SMA的使用还有一个额外的优势，它可以减少地震残余变形。设计了三个框架。有钢钢筋混凝土框架、SS-GFRP钢筋混凝土框架和SMA-SS-GFRP钢筋混凝土框架。两个GFRP框架的设计标准遵循了作者之前的研究，旨在使GFRP框架和钢RC框架具有近似相等的侧阻力、刚度和延性。然后使用20个地震记录对这三个框架进行分析。它们的抗震性能证实了采用的设计方法在实现提供足够抗震性能的无腐蚀框架方面的成功。

{"title":"Seismic performance of ductile corrosion-free reinforced concrete frames","authors":"M. Meshaly, M. Youssef, Ahmed A. Elansary","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022046","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion of steel bars is the main cause of the deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. To avoid this problem, steel rebars can be replaced with glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer (GFRP). However, the brittle behaviour of GFRP RC elements has limited their use in many applications. The use of shape memory alloy (SMA) and/or stainless steel (SS) rebars can solve this problem, because of their ductile behaviour and corrosion resistance. However, their high price is a major obstacle. To address issues of ductility, corrosion, and cost, this paper examines the hybrid use of GFRP, SS, and SMA in RC frames. The use of SMA provides an additional advantage as it reduces seismic residual deformations. Three frames were designed. A steel RC frame, SS-GFRP RC frame, and SMA-SS-GFRP RC frame. The design criteria for the two GFRP RC frames followed previous research by the authors, which aimed at having approximately equal lateral resistance, stiffness, and ductility for GFRP and steel RC frames. The three frames were then analyzed using twenty seismic records. Their seismic performance confirmed the success of the adopted design methodology in achieving corrosion-free frames that provide adequate seismic performance.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70089030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of pitch length of perforation on the crease bending characteristics of a polypropylene sheet subjected to indentation of a perforation blade 穿孔间距长度对穿孔叶片压痕作用下聚丙烯薄板折痕弯曲特性的影响

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022050

S. Nagasawa, Tomoki Hosokawa

This study reveals the bending formability of a polypropylene (PP) sheet indented by a perforation blade when changing the pitch of the dashed-ruled line and the indentation depth. Creasing is a folding method of a carton sheet in which a score (called as a ruled line) is made at the bent portion. When making a creased line on a resin sheet, the scored sheet thickness decreases by applying half cutting or creasing (pressing) at the bent portion to make it easier to fold. To smoothly process a folding line on the resin sheet, a dashed line using a perforation blade is sometimes considered. The pitch length of the dashed line, and its nicked (uncut) length, affect the crease bending characteristics of the resin sheet scored by the perforation blade. However, only a limited number of studies have analyzed the dashed line bending moment response. In this study, to clarify the bending formability of a 0.5-mm-thick PP sheet indented by a developed perforation blade, first, the influence of the perforation pitch length on the crease bending characteristics of a scored PP sheet was investigated from a 0.5-mm fine pitch up to an 8-mm commercially sold pitch with a cutting-to-pitch length ratio of 50%. Second, the nicked zone depth against the cutting tip was set as 50% of the 0.5-mm thickness of the PP sheet. Furthermore, it was revealed that burrs (wedged bottom) in the cut part of the perforated (dashed) line affected the bending moment resistance in the folding process of the scored PP sheet, when changing the indentation depth of the perforation blade.

本文研究了在改变划线间距和压痕深度时，穿孔叶片压痕聚丙烯(PP)板材的弯曲成形性能。折痕是纸板纸的一种折叠方法，其中在弯曲部分做一个分数(称为直纹线)。当在树脂板上制作折痕线时，在弯曲部分应用半切割或压痕(压痕)以使其更容易折叠，从而减少划痕板的厚度。为了在树脂片上平滑地加工折叠线，有时考虑使用穿孔刀片的虚线。虚线的节距长度及其划痕(未划痕)长度影响穿孔刀划痕树脂片材的折痕弯曲特性。然而，对虚线弯矩响应进行分析的研究数量有限。在这项研究中，为了弄清0.5 mm厚PP板的弯曲成形性，首先，研究了穿孔间距长度对划痕PP板折痕弯曲特性的影响，从0.5 mm的细间距到8 mm的市售间距，切割与间距长度比为50%。其次，切割尖端的缺口区深度设置为PP板材0.5 mm厚度的50%。此外，当改变穿孔叶片的压痕深度时，穿孔(虚线)切割部分的毛刺(楔底)会影响划痕PP板折叠过程中的弯矩阻力。

{"title":"Effects of pitch length of perforation on the crease bending characteristics of a polypropylene sheet subjected to indentation of a perforation blade","authors":"S. Nagasawa, Tomoki Hosokawa","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022050","url":null,"abstract":"This study reveals the bending formability of a polypropylene (PP) sheet indented by a perforation blade when changing the pitch of the dashed-ruled line and the indentation depth. Creasing is a folding method of a carton sheet in which a score (called as a ruled line) is made at the bent portion. When making a creased line on a resin sheet, the scored sheet thickness decreases by applying half cutting or creasing (pressing) at the bent portion to make it easier to fold. To smoothly process a folding line on the resin sheet, a dashed line using a perforation blade is sometimes considered. The pitch length of the dashed line, and its nicked (uncut) length, affect the crease bending characteristics of the resin sheet scored by the perforation blade. However, only a limited number of studies have analyzed the dashed line bending moment response. In this study, to clarify the bending formability of a 0.5-mm-thick PP sheet indented by a developed perforation blade, first, the influence of the perforation pitch length on the crease bending characteristics of a scored PP sheet was investigated from a 0.5-mm fine pitch up to an 8-mm commercially sold pitch with a cutting-to-pitch length ratio of 50%. Second, the nicked zone depth against the cutting tip was set as 50% of the 0.5-mm thickness of the PP sheet. Furthermore, it was revealed that burrs (wedged bottom) in the cut part of the perforated (dashed) line affected the bending moment resistance in the folding process of the scored PP sheet, when changing the indentation depth of the perforation blade.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70089127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agglomeration and dissolution of iron oxide nanoparticles in simplest biological media 氧化铁纳米颗粒在最简单生物介质中的团聚和溶解

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022039

A. Godymchuk, Alexey Ilyashenko, Y. Konyukhov, P. Offor, G. Baisalova

Despite high medical and biological potential, the penetration of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) into a human body can cause their dissolution with subsequent accumulation of highly toxic iron compounds. The paper describes the agglomeration and dissolution behavior of differently sized α-Fe2O3 NPs in the simplest biological solutions. The average sizes of the initial NPs according to the BET analysis are 12, 32, and 115 nm. Within 30–60 min exposure, the particle size and concentration of iron released into the solutions increases in the suspensions, accompanied by an intensive change of NPs surface charge. After an hour of exposure, the colloidal properties do not change significantly, although the dissolution degree ambiguously fluctuates. It has been shown that the agglomeration of the particles in the simplest pulmonary fluid is lower than in the simplest sweat fluid, compared to the dissolution degree, which is much higher in the pulmonary fluid than in the sweat. The colloidal stability of suspensions reduces with a decrease of NPs' size, e.g., the average size of particles is 315,289, and 248 nm, while zeta potential is 2, 9, and 17 mV, respectively for 12, 32, and 115 nm NPs in 3-hour suspensions. It has been found that 24 h dissolution degree of α-Fe2O3 NPs reaches 2.3% and 0.4%, respectively, in the simplest pulmonary and sweat fluids. The mechanism of dissolution of hematite NPs in the slightly acidic and acidic mediums is proposed.

尽管具有很高的医学和生物学潜力，但氧化铁纳米颗粒(NPs)渗透到人体中会导致其溶解，随后积累剧毒的铁化合物。本文描述了不同尺寸α-Fe2O3纳米颗粒在最简单的生物溶液中的团聚和溶解行为。根据BET分析，初始NPs的平均尺寸分别为12、32和115 nm。在暴露30-60分钟内，释放到溶液中的铁的粒度和浓度在悬浮液中增加，同时伴随着NPs表面电荷的剧烈变化。暴露1小时后，胶体性质没有显著变化，但溶解度有模糊波动。研究表明，最简单的肺液中颗粒的团聚度低于最简单的汗液，而溶解度在肺液中比在汗液中高得多。随着NPs尺寸的减小，悬浮液的胶体稳定性降低，例如，在3小时的悬浮液中，12、32和115 nm的NPs的平均粒径分别为315,289和248 nm, zeta电位分别为2、9和17 mV。在最简单的肺液和汗液中，α-Fe2O3 NPs的24 h溶出度分别达到2.3%和0.4%。提出了赤铁矿NPs在微酸性和酸性介质中的溶解机理。

{"title":"Agglomeration and dissolution of iron oxide nanoparticles in simplest biological media","authors":"A. Godymchuk, Alexey Ilyashenko, Y. Konyukhov, P. Offor, G. Baisalova","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022039","url":null,"abstract":"Despite high medical and biological potential, the penetration of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) into a human body can cause their dissolution with subsequent accumulation of highly toxic iron compounds. The paper describes the agglomeration and dissolution behavior of differently sized α-Fe2O3 NPs in the simplest biological solutions. The average sizes of the initial NPs according to the BET analysis are 12, 32, and 115 nm. Within 30–60 min exposure, the particle size and concentration of iron released into the solutions increases in the suspensions, accompanied by an intensive change of NPs surface charge. After an hour of exposure, the colloidal properties do not change significantly, although the dissolution degree ambiguously fluctuates. It has been shown that the agglomeration of the particles in the simplest pulmonary fluid is lower than in the simplest sweat fluid, compared to the dissolution degree, which is much higher in the pulmonary fluid than in the sweat. The colloidal stability of suspensions reduces with a decrease of NPs' size, e.g., the average size of particles is 315,289, and 248 nm, while zeta potential is 2, 9, and 17 mV, respectively for 12, 32, and 115 nm NPs in 3-hour suspensions. It has been found that 24 h dissolution degree of α-Fe2O3 NPs reaches 2.3% and 0.4%, respectively, in the simplest pulmonary and sweat fluids. The mechanism of dissolution of hematite NPs in the slightly acidic and acidic mediums is proposed.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70089185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Investigation of ZnO doping on LaFeO3/Fe2O3 prepared from yarosite mineral extraction for ethanol gas sensor applications 乙醇气体传感器用黄矾矿萃取法制备LaFeO3/Fe2O3的ZnO掺杂研究

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022007

E. Suhendi, A. E. Putri, Muhamad Taufik Ulhakim, A. Setiawan, Syarif Dani Gustaman

In this study, we used a natural resource, yarosite minerals, as a Fe2O3 precursor. Yarosite minerals were used for the synthesis of LaFeO3/Fe2O3 doped with ZnO via a co-precipitation method using ammonium hydroxide, which produced a light brown powder. Then, an ethanol gas sensor was prepared using a screen-printing technique and characterized using gas chamber tools at 100,200, and 300 ppm of ethanol gas to investigate the sensor's performance. Several factors that substantiate electrical properties such as crystal and morphological structures were also studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. The crystallite size decreased from about 61.4 nm to 28.8 nm after 0.5 mol% ZnO was added. The SEM characterization images informed that the modified LaFeO3 was relatively the same but not uniform. Lastly, the sensor's electrical properties exhibited a high response of about 257% to 309% at an operating temperature that decreased from 205 ℃ to 180 ℃. This finding showed that these natural resources have the potential to be applied in the development of ethanol gas sensors in the future. Hence, yarosite minerals can be considered a good natural resource that can be further explored to produce an ethanol gas sensor with more sensitive response. In addition, this method reduces the cost of material purchase.

在这项研究中，我们使用了一种天然资源，黄铁矿矿物作为Fe2O3的前驱体。以黄矾石矿物为原料，采用氢氧化铵共沉淀法合成了掺杂ZnO的LaFeO3/Fe2O3，得到了浅棕色粉体。然后，采用丝网印刷技术制备了乙醇气体传感器，并在100,200和300ppm的乙醇气体中使用气室工具进行了表征，以研究传感器的性能。利用x射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别研究了晶体和形态结构等决定电学性能的几个因素。添加0.5 mol% ZnO后，晶粒尺寸由61.4 nm减小到28.8 nm。SEM表征图像显示，改性后的LaFeO3相对相同，但并不均匀。最后，当工作温度从205℃降低到180℃时，传感器的电性能表现出257%至309%的高响应。这一发现表明，这些自然资源具有应用于未来乙醇气体传感器开发的潜力。因此，黄黄矾矿物可以被认为是一种良好的自然资源，可以进一步开发生产具有更灵敏响应的乙醇气体传感器。此外，这种方法降低了材料采购成本。

{"title":"Investigation of ZnO doping on LaFeO3/Fe2O3 prepared from yarosite mineral extraction for ethanol gas sensor applications","authors":"E. Suhendi, A. E. Putri, Muhamad Taufik Ulhakim, A. Setiawan, Syarif Dani Gustaman","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022007","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we used a natural resource, yarosite minerals, as a Fe2O3 precursor. Yarosite minerals were used for the synthesis of LaFeO3/Fe2O3 doped with ZnO via a co-precipitation method using ammonium hydroxide, which produced a light brown powder. Then, an ethanol gas sensor was prepared using a screen-printing technique and characterized using gas chamber tools at 100,200, and 300 ppm of ethanol gas to investigate the sensor's performance. Several factors that substantiate electrical properties such as crystal and morphological structures were also studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. The crystallite size decreased from about 61.4 nm to 28.8 nm after 0.5 mol% ZnO was added. The SEM characterization images informed that the modified LaFeO3 was relatively the same but not uniform. Lastly, the sensor's electrical properties exhibited a high response of about 257% to 309% at an operating temperature that decreased from 205 ℃ to 180 ℃. This finding showed that these natural resources have the potential to be applied in the development of ethanol gas sensors in the future. Hence, yarosite minerals can be considered a good natural resource that can be further explored to produce an ethanol gas sensor with more sensitive response. In addition, this method reduces the cost of material purchase.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70087708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physicochemical characterization of lignocellulose fibers obtained from seedpods of Wrightia tinctoria plant 白莱特种子木质纤维素纤维的理化性质研究

IF 1.8 Q2 Materials Science

AIMS Materials Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2022009

S. Habibunnisa, Ruben Nerella, Sri Rama Chand Madduru, R. S

Characterization of new innovative natural seed fibers from seedpods or fruits of various plants has increased popularly in textile, automotive, and construction industries due to various aspects, availability, and biodegradability. In addition, these fibers provide sustainable solutions to support technological innovation in numerous industrial applications. The current research aims to investigate the new lignocellulose fibers extracted from Wrightia tinctoria seedpods. The obtained Wrightia tinctoria seed fibers (WTSFs) were characterized via Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared-ray (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand the fibers physicochemical properties. Complete experimental study of natural seed fibers of Wrightia tinctoria found to be a lignocellulose fiber and contains unique characteristics. Surface morphological studies reveal that, WTSFs contain smoother surface which is beneficial to develop a good bond with matrix while making composites. It does not get wet quickly with water due to fatty, wax, mineral matters, and higher lignin content on the fiber surface which means the fiber is soft compared with other natural seed fibers. These unique properties of WTSFs ascertain as a suitable material for polymer fabrication process, which would be favourable to develop good bonding with the matrix for making composites and also useful for insulating composite materials.

从各种植物的种子荚或果实中提取新的创新天然种子纤维的特性在纺织、汽车和建筑行业中越来越受欢迎，这是由于各种方面，可用性和可生物降解性。此外，这些纤维提供可持续的解决方案，以支持众多工业应用中的技术创新。本研究旨在研究从白木种子荚中提取的新型木质纤维素纤维。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、x射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对所得的白衣籽纤维(WTSFs)进行了表征，了解其理化性质。对天然白莱特种子纤维进行完整的实验研究，发现白莱特种子纤维是一种木质纤维素纤维，具有独特的特性。表面形貌研究表明，wtsf表面光滑，有利于与基体形成良好的结合。由于纤维表面有脂肪、蜡、矿物质，且木质素含量较高，与其他天然种子纤维相比，纤维柔软，不易被水浸湿。wtsf的这些独特的性能决定了它是一种适合用于聚合物制备的材料，它有利于与基体形成良好的结合以制备复合材料，也有助于绝缘复合材料。

{"title":"Physicochemical characterization of lignocellulose fibers obtained from seedpods of Wrightia tinctoria plant","authors":"S. Habibunnisa, Ruben Nerella, Sri Rama Chand Madduru, R. S","doi":"10.3934/matersci.2022009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022009","url":null,"abstract":"Characterization of new innovative natural seed fibers from seedpods or fruits of various plants has increased popularly in textile, automotive, and construction industries due to various aspects, availability, and biodegradability. In addition, these fibers provide sustainable solutions to support technological innovation in numerous industrial applications. The current research aims to investigate the new lignocellulose fibers extracted from Wrightia tinctoria seedpods. The obtained Wrightia tinctoria seed fibers (WTSFs) were characterized via Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared-ray (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand the fibers physicochemical properties. Complete experimental study of natural seed fibers of Wrightia tinctoria found to be a lignocellulose fiber and contains unique characteristics. Surface morphological studies reveal that, WTSFs contain smoother surface which is beneficial to develop a good bond with matrix while making composites. It does not get wet quickly with water due to fatty, wax, mineral matters, and higher lignin content on the fiber surface which means the fiber is soft compared with other natural seed fibers. These unique properties of WTSFs ascertain as a suitable material for polymer fabrication process, which would be favourable to develop good bonding with the matrix for making composites and also useful for insulating composite materials.","PeriodicalId":7670,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70087852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1