{"title":"Outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa","authors":"Mathabo Mofokeng, Mokokomadi A. Makgotloe","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91202640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
0.001) associated with overall satisfaction and associated complaints, while gender and age had no impact on overall vision satisfaction. Conclusion: Saudi PAL wearers possess a good level of visual satisfaction while experiencing some difficulties and complaints when using their PALs. Gender and age were not factors that impacted overall visual satisfaction and complaints; however, time since starting to wear PALs was a factor.
{"title":"Progressive addition lenses wearers’ visual satisfaction among Saudi population","authors":"Abd Elaziz Elmadina","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.733","url":null,"abstract":"0.001) associated with overall satisfaction and associated complaints, while gender and age had no impact on overall vision satisfaction. Conclusion: Saudi PAL wearers possess a good level of visual satisfaction while experiencing some difficulties and complaints when using their PALs. Gender and age were not factors that impacted overall visual satisfaction and complaints; however, time since starting to wear PALs was a factor.","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81488091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
cell counts, which could be regarded as predictors for the occurrence of ocular morbidity in HIV and AIDS patients.
细胞计数，可作为HIV和AIDS患者眼部发病的预测因子。
{"title":"Corrigendum: Ocular manifestations of HIV and AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy in a tertiary hospital in South Africa","authors":"Prisilla S. Makunyane, S. D. Mathebula","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.712","url":null,"abstract":"cell counts, which could be regarded as predictors for the occurrence of ocular morbidity in HIV and AIDS patients.","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88771569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recent development of cataract surgery has led to the improvement of visual outcomes. However, pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema (CME), which is also known as Irvine–Gass syndrome, remains a usual cause of unexpected visual disturbance after both complicated and uncomplicated cataract surgeries. Optical coherence tomography is an important method in detecting changes prior to clinical presentation.Aim: To assess macular thickness changes after uncomplicated phacoemulsification using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Setting: The study assessed healthy patients who had uneventful phacoemulsification and changes in macular thickness in Ibn Al Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital (tertiary eye center), Baghdad, Iraq.Methods: Macular thickness of 86 eyes with uncomplicated phacoemulsification were measured by using four OCT examinations: one preoperatively, which was used as a control, and three in the first week and first and second months. Incidence of macular thickness changes was evaluated in the central and para and perifoveal areas to detect which areas of the macular map will be affected more. Significance was tested by using paired t-test and p 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Significant increase in macular thickness postoperatively during the 2-month period reaching the maximum level in the second month; early significant changes were noticed in paracentral area in the first week whilst significant increase in the central and pericentral area was recorded in the first month. Cystoid macular oedema (CME) was detected in six eyes (7%) in the second month.Conclusion: Significant variation in macular thickness can occur after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery in healthy patients. Cystoid macular oedema was detected in 7% of our patients using SD-OCT. It is rare after uncomplicated phacoemulsification in healthy individuals but should be kept in mind in the follow-up period. A detailed fundus examination with OCT imaging is thus recommended in the first or second month postoperatively for the early detection and treatment of CME.
背景:近年来白内障手术的发展使视力得到改善。然而，假性晶状体囊样黄斑水肿(CME)，也被称为Irvine-Gass综合征，仍然是复杂和非复杂白内障手术后意外视力障碍的常见原因。光学相干断层扫描是在临床表现前检测病变的重要方法。目的:应用光谱域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)评价单纯超声乳化术后黄斑厚度的变化。背景:本研究评估了伊拉克巴格达Ibn Al Haitham教学眼科医院(三级眼科中心)的健康超声乳化术患者和黄斑厚度的变化。方法:对86只无并发症超声乳化术眼的黄斑厚度进行4次OCT检查，术前1次作为对照，术后1周及1、2个月检查3次。评估黄斑中央、裂孔旁和裂孔周围区域厚度变化的发生率，以检测黄斑分布图中哪些区域受影响更大。采用配对t检验，p < 0.05被认为是显著的。结果:术后2个月内黄斑厚度明显增加，在2个月内达到最大值;中心旁区在第一周出现早期显著变化，而中心和中心周围区在第一个月出现显著增加。第二个月6只眼(7%)出现囊样黄斑水肿(CME)。结论:健康患者超声乳化术后黄斑厚度可发生显著变化。SD-OCT检测到7%的患者有囊样黄斑水肿。在健康人无并发症的超声乳化术后，这种情况很少见，但在随访期间应注意。因此，建议在术后第一个月或第二个月进行详细的眼底OCT检查，以便及早发现和治疗CME。
{"title":"Macular oedema after uncomplicated phacoemulsification","authors":"Aymen D. Jaafar, Suzan A. Abdulkareem, M. Jaafar","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.690","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recent development of cataract surgery has led to the improvement of visual outcomes. However, pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema (CME), which is also known as Irvine–Gass syndrome, remains a usual cause of unexpected visual disturbance after both complicated and uncomplicated cataract surgeries. Optical coherence tomography is an important method in detecting changes prior to clinical presentation.Aim: To assess macular thickness changes after uncomplicated phacoemulsification using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Setting: The study assessed healthy patients who had uneventful phacoemulsification and changes in macular thickness in Ibn Al Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital (tertiary eye center), Baghdad, Iraq.Methods: Macular thickness of 86 eyes with uncomplicated phacoemulsification were measured by using four OCT examinations: one preoperatively, which was used as a control, and three in the first week and first and second months. Incidence of macular thickness changes was evaluated in the central and para and perifoveal areas to detect which areas of the macular map will be affected more. Significance was tested by using paired t-test and p 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Significant increase in macular thickness postoperatively during the 2-month period reaching the maximum level in the second month; early significant changes were noticed in paracentral area in the first week whilst significant increase in the central and pericentral area was recorded in the first month. Cystoid macular oedema (CME) was detected in six eyes (7%) in the second month.Conclusion: Significant variation in macular thickness can occur after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery in healthy patients. Cystoid macular oedema was detected in 7% of our patients using SD-OCT. It is rare after uncomplicated phacoemulsification in healthy individuals but should be kept in mind in the follow-up period. A detailed fundus examination with OCT imaging is thus recommended in the first or second month postoperatively for the early detection and treatment of CME.","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85592894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Visual skills and their components are thought to be responsible for much of the manner whereby athletes obtain information about the sporting environment. The field of sports vision deals with the vision care services that are provided to athletes. If visual skills of athletes are not assumed as natural attributes, they should be assessed and be subjected to training according to need. Studies have shown that the visual abilities of the athletes can be divided into software and hardware visual skills, and it is the software visual skills that separate expert athletes from non-experts.Aim: The study aims to collate (1) studies that show the importance of visual skills in sports performance, (2) studies that show that visual skills are trainable and (3) studies that show the effect of training on the visual skills and performance in sports.Method: An extensive search of literature was performed on studies that supported the importance of vision in sports performance. Also included were studies that supported the transfer of improved visual skills to improved performance on the field of play.Results: There is literature that supports the significance of visual skills in sport. There is also literature that attempts to show evidence that improved visual skills can improve performance on the field of play.Conclusion: Sports vision practitioners need to develop standardised testing and training protocols for visual skills. Standard protocols will harmonise the development of visual skills norms.Contribution: Literature has shown the importance of vision in sports performance. Literature has also shown that improved visual skills can improve performance on the field of play. The current paper is an attempt at calling for the development of standardised protocols and norms for sports vision training.
{"title":"Vision and sports: An overview","authors":"J. Ramaja, R. Hansraj","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.679","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Visual skills and their components are thought to be responsible for much of the manner whereby athletes obtain information about the sporting environment. The field of sports vision deals with the vision care services that are provided to athletes. If visual skills of athletes are not assumed as natural attributes, they should be assessed and be subjected to training according to need. Studies have shown that the visual abilities of the athletes can be divided into software and hardware visual skills, and it is the software visual skills that separate expert athletes from non-experts.Aim: The study aims to collate (1) studies that show the importance of visual skills in sports performance, (2) studies that show that visual skills are trainable and (3) studies that show the effect of training on the visual skills and performance in sports.Method: An extensive search of literature was performed on studies that supported the importance of vision in sports performance. Also included were studies that supported the transfer of improved visual skills to improved performance on the field of play.Results: There is literature that supports the significance of visual skills in sport. There is also literature that attempts to show evidence that improved visual skills can improve performance on the field of play.Conclusion: Sports vision practitioners need to develop standardised testing and training protocols for visual skills. Standard protocols will harmonise the development of visual skills norms.Contribution: Literature has shown the importance of vision in sports performance. Literature has also shown that improved visual skills can improve performance on the field of play. The current paper is an attempt at calling for the development of standardised protocols and norms for sports vision training. ","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86413841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sanchis-Gimeno, Nabeela Hasrod, Ana M Calvo-Maroto, S. Nalla, A. Cerviño
{"title":"Effect of diabetes mellitus on quantitative corneal anatomy – A systemic review","authors":"J. Sanchis-Gimeno, Nabeela Hasrod, Ana M Calvo-Maroto, S. Nalla, A. Cerviño","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76881761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of corneal endothelial cells in diabetic patients","authors":"Y. Dawood","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86685856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Stuart, C. Dold, Dian P. Van der Westhuizen, Sandra De Vasconcelos
Background: Ocular trauma represents a significant public health burden and has considerable global epidemiological variation. The epidemiology of ocular trauma in the Northern Cape province of South Africa has not been previously described.Aim: This study aimed to quantify the burden and describe the distribution and determinants of ocular trauma in the Northern Cape province.Setting: The Northern Cape province is the largest, but least populous, of the nine South African provinces. Published data on the health of the Northern Cape population are scarce. Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe Hospital (RMSH) is the only public ophthalmic referral centre in the province.Methods: Hospital record review of all adult cases of acute ocular trauma seen at RMSH over a period of one year (August 2018 – July 2019).Results: Young men comprised the majority of the 240 included cases. Ocular injuries were most likely to occur in the home (n = 115, 47.9%) and on the weekend (n = 159, 66.3%). More than half (n = 135, 56.3%) of all trauma was non-accidental in nature and significantly associated with alcohol use. Accidental trauma (n = 105, 43.8%), predominantly as a result of occupational injuries sustained at work (n = 47, 44.8%) and in the home (n = 45, 42.9%), was deemed largely preventable. Differences in the timing, location and severity of non-accidental and accidental ocular injuries were observed.Conclusion: Ocular trauma in South Africa follows distinct epidemiological trends and is largely because of interpersonal violence, which places strain on limited state healthcare resources.
{"title":"The epidemiology of ocular trauma in the Northern Cape, South Africa","authors":"K. Stuart, C. Dold, Dian P. Van der Westhuizen, Sandra De Vasconcelos","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.710","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ocular trauma represents a significant public health burden and has considerable global epidemiological variation. The epidemiology of ocular trauma in the Northern Cape province of South Africa has not been previously described.Aim: This study aimed to quantify the burden and describe the distribution and determinants of ocular trauma in the Northern Cape province.Setting: The Northern Cape province is the largest, but least populous, of the nine South African provinces. Published data on the health of the Northern Cape population are scarce. Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe Hospital (RMSH) is the only public ophthalmic referral centre in the province.Methods: Hospital record review of all adult cases of acute ocular trauma seen at RMSH over a period of one year (August 2018 – July 2019).Results: Young men comprised the majority of the 240 included cases. Ocular injuries were most likely to occur in the home (n = 115, 47.9%) and on the weekend (n = 159, 66.3%). More than half (n = 135, 56.3%) of all trauma was non-accidental in nature and significantly associated with alcohol use. Accidental trauma (n = 105, 43.8%), predominantly as a result of occupational injuries sustained at work (n = 47, 44.8%) and in the home (n = 45, 42.9%), was deemed largely preventable. Differences in the timing, location and severity of non-accidental and accidental ocular injuries were observed.Conclusion: Ocular trauma in South Africa follows distinct epidemiological trends and is largely because of interpersonal violence, which places strain on limited state healthcare resources. ","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84171517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Munsamy, Macaela Moodley, Zainab Khan, Keroshni Govender, Mpendulo Nkwanyana, Siphosethu Cele, Mashiyamahle Radebe
Background: Digital blue light is the blue light emitted from light emitting diode (LED) displays, which may be regarded as a health hazard to our eyes and vision.Aim: This review sought to map out evidence on the effects of blue light on the eye from digital devices.Methods: The study design is a scoping review. Peer-reviewed studies published in the last 25 years were sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane and Medline databases. Data were extracted using the relevant search terms followed by thematic analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework was utilised to report this process. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) assessed the quality of included studies.Results: Thirty-seven articles met the eligibility criteria. After the full-text screening, the exclusion of 32 articles resulted in five articles to map. The majority of studies included the indirect measuring of the effects of digital blue light using blue-blocking spectacles on blink rate, critical flicker frequency, near point of convergence and eyestrain. The central theme identified across mapped studies regarding the effects of digital blue light was its role in resultant visual discomfort. Of the five accepted studies, three studies had an MMAT score of 100%, whilst two studies scored 80%, suggesting that their results were reliable.Conclusion: The review concluded that blocking short-wavelength blue light reduced visual discomfort or digital eyestrain. The gap identified was a lack of research on the exposure of digital blue light on the retina in human eyes in vivo and required more investigations to corroborate the animal studies.
{"title":"Evidence on the effects of digital blue light on the eye: A scoping review","authors":"A. Munsamy, Macaela Moodley, Zainab Khan, Keroshni Govender, Mpendulo Nkwanyana, Siphosethu Cele, Mashiyamahle Radebe","doi":"10.4102/aveh.v81i1.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v81i1.685","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Digital blue light is the blue light emitted from light emitting diode (LED) displays, which may be regarded as a health hazard to our eyes and vision.Aim: This review sought to map out evidence on the effects of blue light on the eye from digital devices.Methods: The study design is a scoping review. Peer-reviewed studies published in the last 25 years were sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane and Medline databases. Data were extracted using the relevant search terms followed by thematic analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework was utilised to report this process. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) assessed the quality of included studies.Results: Thirty-seven articles met the eligibility criteria. After the full-text screening, the exclusion of 32 articles resulted in five articles to map. The majority of studies included the indirect measuring of the effects of digital blue light using blue-blocking spectacles on blink rate, critical flicker frequency, near point of convergence and eyestrain. The central theme identified across mapped studies regarding the effects of digital blue light was its role in resultant visual discomfort. Of the five accepted studies, three studies had an MMAT score of 100%, whilst two studies scored 80%, suggesting that their results were reliable.Conclusion: The review concluded that blocking short-wavelength blue light reduced visual discomfort or digital eyestrain. The gap identified was a lack of research on the exposure of digital blue light on the retina in human eyes in vivo and required more investigations to corroborate the animal studies.","PeriodicalId":7694,"journal":{"name":"African Vision and Eye Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73044905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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