When New Zealand Breweries Ltd's Standard Brewery opened in Palmerston North, New Zealand on October 9, 1958 it was the first brewery in the world built exclusively to brew beer using continuous fermentation. The use of continuous fermentation in New Zealand sparked a revolution in the way beer was brewed around the world. This is the story of the people and the brewery that made continuous beer fermentation a reality.
A number of microorganisms has been screened for growth on sunflower oil as a sole carbon source for production of useful chemicals. Rhizopus stolonifer NRRL 1478 was found to transform the lipid contents of sunflower oil into dodecyl b-D-glucopyranoside and dodecanedioic acid in 15 and 25% yields respectively. The produced compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and their chemical identities were established using MS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
In the October 1993 edition of Australasian Biotechnology a special feature on 'the biotechnology debate' raised issues such as public acceptance of biotechnological products, the ethical issues surrounding the new technology and commercialisation. In regard to the latter, it was suggested that Australian scientists no longer believe there are major (or negative) consequences concerning the involvement of private firms in public research. This paper reports on an Australia-wide survey of several hundred biotechnologists who were involved in agriculturally-related research. Findings indicate that while those surveyed believe that commercial linkages are necessary for the continued development of the industry, they remain concerned that such linkages are altering the trajectory of science.
One of the requirements for patentability of an invention is that the invention involves an inventive step or in other words, is not obvious. In recent years, the obviousness of inventions in biotechnology has had to be judicially considered as a consequence of new methodologies being applied in biotechnology. This paper addresses how a research worker might go about assessing whether his or her invention is obvious in the light of developments in this area of patent law.
Watermark Patent and Trademark Attorneys has recently been accepted by the Council of National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia as operating a Quality Management System that complies with the requirements of AS3901/ISO9001 for the creation and servicing of Australian and overseas patents, trademarks and designs and provision of related advice. It is believed that Watermark is the first firm of Patent Attorneys in the world to achieve this.
Microorganisms and algae have potential as agents for removing inorganic pollutants from wastewaters. Metal ion uptake mechanisms function either by passive chemical adsorption or by metabolically driven processes. Ion selective uptake processes are being sought in algae to facilitate purification of valuable metal ions for recycling. Sessile macroalgae growing in seawater are useful bioindicators for detecting metal ion contamination in the marine environment.
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