In summary, we would draw your attention to the things that are important, when transferring technology from a higher education institution. 1. The institute should have a separate department to deal with these matters. 2. We see advantages in this being a private company. 3. The type of agreements should be flexible so that most projects can be accommodated and having specialized staff helps.
Since its discovery from bovine synovial fluid, hyaluronic acid has found application in several diverse areas. It is now extensively used in ophthalmic surgery, in the treatment of lameness in racehorses and as an ingredient in cosmetics. It can also be used in drug delivery, orthopedics, cardiovascular aids and in wound healing. Even so, its potential as a therapeutic agent is yet to be fulfilled. New improved products, formed by crosslinking hyaluronic acid with itself or other chemicals, are being produced. Hyaluronic acid is clearly a most valuable therapeutic biopolymer. This article reviews the properties of hyaluronic acid, its biosynthetic pathway and its methods of commercial production, and provides an estimation of its current and future world demand. Experiments designed to improve production economics have been performed in our laboratory. These involved control of glucose and yeast extract concentrations and fermentation pH. Hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus was found to be lower at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.1. A new method of extending the production of hyaluronic acid by S. zooepidemicus into the stationary phase has also been achieved.
The outline of a strategy for training technicians who will undertake biotechnology-oriented tasks as employees is the focus of this review. Technical and Further Education (TAFE) in Western Australia has recently restructured electives offered in certificate and diploma courses of Applied Science. The aim of restructuring was to allow a broader choice catering for specialized streams. With a few additions it would be possible to list a set of biotechnology options for technicians specializing in this area. After identifying employers in Western Australia, data on technician employment characteristics and training needs was gathered through a survey and used to formulate a future development strategy. In the past little attention has been given anywhere in Australia to the training needs of this group. The availability of such appropriately trained employees will increasingly be recognized as a vital link in the success of any biotechnology enterprise.
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