In summary, we would draw your attention to the things that are important, when transferring technology from a higher education institution. 1. The institute should have a separate department to deal with these matters. 2. We see advantages in this being a private company. 3. The type of agreements should be flexible so that most projects can be accommodated and having specialized staff helps.
Detailed studies on the commercial development of biotechnology in five countries in the Asian Region (viz. Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, India) indicate a very significant role played by government in strategic planning and R & D financing. Strong growth is projected in some traditional biotechnology products e.g. amino acids such as monosodium glutamate and L-lysine, animal and human vaccines, and in environmental applications of biotechnology. The cash flow from these products will underpin future development and marketing of diagnostics, anticancer and antiviral drugs, particularly in Japan and Korea.
Since its discovery from bovine synovial fluid, hyaluronic acid has found application in several diverse areas. It is now extensively used in ophthalmic surgery, in the treatment of lameness in racehorses and as an ingredient in cosmetics. It can also be used in drug delivery, orthopedics, cardiovascular aids and in wound healing. Even so, its potential as a therapeutic agent is yet to be fulfilled. New improved products, formed by crosslinking hyaluronic acid with itself or other chemicals, are being produced. Hyaluronic acid is clearly a most valuable therapeutic biopolymer. This article reviews the properties of hyaluronic acid, its biosynthetic pathway and its methods of commercial production, and provides an estimation of its current and future world demand. Experiments designed to improve production economics have been performed in our laboratory. These involved control of glucose and yeast extract concentrations and fermentation pH. Hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus was found to be lower at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.1. A new method of extending the production of hyaluronic acid by S. zooepidemicus into the stationary phase has also been achieved.
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