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Seroprevelance of cytomegalovirus in healthy blood donors in Kafr El Sheikh General Hospital Kafr El Sheikh总医院健康献血者巨细胞病毒血清检测
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_3_22
A. El Mallah, M. Afify, Mohammed Abdel-Halim, Amr Mohammed
Background and aim Cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission to seronegative patients with inadequate immunity might result in significant consequences. The goal of the study was to determine the prevalence of CMV antibodies in healthy blood donors at the Kafr El Sheikh General Hospital. Patients and methods This research enrolled 100patients with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria, in age ranging between 18 and 60 years, with confirmed seronegativity for hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and HIV. All patients were asked to complete history taking, full clinical examination, laboratory assessment, and peripheral blood samples. The blood samples were taken from each individual to test for CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. Another sample was taken from IgM-positive cases in order to do PCR testing for CMV DNA. Results All cases among the study group were showing a positive CMV IgG with a high rate up to (100%). Consequently, in the general hospital in Kafr El Sheikh, healthy blood donors had a significant prevalence of CMV IgG. While, there were three (3%) patients of them had positive CMV IgM and 97 (97%) patients of them had Negative CMV IgM, this indicates a rarity of CMV IgM in healthy blood donors at Kafr El Sheikh General Hospital. Conclusion The high seroprevelance of CMV is a barrier to developing blood products of seronegative CMV in blood banks; nonetheless, we found that concentrated screening of a specific group of blood donors would be the best way to achieve this goal.
背景与目的巨细胞病毒(CMV)传播到血清阴性且免疫力不足的患者可能会导致严重的后果。该研究的目的是确定Kafr El Sheikh总医院健康献血者中巨细胞病毒抗体的流行情况。患者和方法本研究纳入了100例具有相同纳入和排除标准的患者,年龄在18至60岁之间,确认丙型肝炎病毒、乙型肝炎病毒和艾滋病毒血清阴性。所有患者均被要求完成病史记录、全面临床检查、实验室评估和外周血样本。从每个人身上采集血样,检测巨细胞病毒免疫球蛋白G (IgG)和免疫球蛋白M (IgM)抗体。另一份样本取自igm阳性病例,以便对巨细胞病毒DNA进行PCR检测。结果研究组所有病例CMV IgG阳性,阳性率高达100%。因此,在Kafr El Sheikh的综合医院,健康献血者巨细胞病毒IgG的流行率很高。然而,其中有3例(3%)患者CMV IgM阳性,97例(97%)患者CMV IgM阴性,这表明Kafr El Sheikh总医院的健康献血者CMV IgM罕见。结论巨细胞病毒的高血清阳性率是血库开发巨细胞病毒阴性血液制品的障碍;尽管如此,我们发现集中筛查一组特定的献血者将是实现这一目标的最佳途径。
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引用次数: 0
Endovascular evaluation of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in a sample of Egyptian patients presented with ischemic stroke 埃及缺血性脑卒中患者颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的血管内评价
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_75_21
M. Hassan, Khalid Sobh, M. Galal, Salah Ahmed, Sherief Al shazly, A. Shokry
Background and aim Intracranial atherosclerosis is an important etiology of ischemic stroke and is associated with multiple vascular risk factors. Endovascular evaluation is used for assessing patterns and distributions of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in a sample of Egyptian patients presented with ischemic stroke. Patients and methods A total of 50 patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were included. Assessment of the state of cerebral vessels before the procedure was done by duplex ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography, and/or computed tomography angiography to confirm any stenosis in intracranial vessels. Neurological assessment was done before and after the procedure using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. Digital subtraction angiography was done to evaluate the degrees and patterns of stenosis. Results A total of 50 participants (29 males and 21 females) were included. Their ages ranged from 30 to 78 years. The major risk factors were dyslipidemia (62.0%), hypertension (60.0%), diabetes mellitus (54.0%), smoking (48.0%), and atrial fibrillation (22.0%). The procedure was performed on 50 patients. A total of 39 (78.0%) patients had angiographic findings of vessel stenosis in either extracranial or intracranial vessels or both. In those 39 patients, 32 (64.0%) patients had arterial stenosis, and seven (14.0%) patients were found to have total occlusion. A total of 18 (36.0%) patients had angiographic findings of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Of these 18 patients, 14 (28.0%) patients had arterial stenosis, and four (8.0%) patients were found to have total occlusion. The most common site of intracranial stenosis was middle cerebral artery (33.3%). Conclusion Endovascular evaluation of patients with ischemic stroke is yielding, informative, safe, and easy to be done.
背景与目的颅内动脉粥样硬化是缺血性脑卒中的重要病因,与多种血管危险因素有关。血管内评估用于评估埃及缺血性中风患者样本中颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的模式和分布。患者和方法共纳入50例缺血性脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作患者。手术前通过双相超声、磁共振血管造影术和/或计算机断层摄影血管造影学评估脑血管的状态,以确认颅内血管的任何狭窄。使用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分在手术前后进行神经系统评估。数字减影血管造影术用于评估狭窄的程度和模式。结果共有50名参与者(29名男性和21名女性)被纳入研究。他们的年龄从30岁到78岁不等。主要危险因素为血脂异常(62.0%)、高血压(60.0%)、糖尿病(54.0%)、吸烟(48.0%)和心房颤动(22.0%)。共有39名(78.0%)患者在血管造影中发现颅外或颅内血管狭窄,或两者兼有。在这39名患者中,32名(64.0%)患者出现动脉狭窄,7名(14.0%)患者出现完全闭塞。共有18名(36.0%)患者的血管造影结果显示颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄。在这18名患者中,14名(28.0%)患者出现动脉狭窄,4名(8.0%)患者出现完全闭塞。颅内狭窄最常见的部位是大脑中动脉(33.3%)。
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引用次数: 0
Value of multislice computed tomography-coronary angiography in predicting coronary artery diseases in type-2 diabetic patients in the chest pain unit 多层计算机断层扫描冠状动脉造影在预测胸痛病房2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉疾病中的价值
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_47_21
Ragab Ali Habour, I. Shawki, Ibrahim Faragallah, hossam Al-Adl
Background and aim Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting a wide range of the population all over the world. Microvascular and macrovascular complications are very common in diabetic patients with high incidence of affection of the coronary arteries. Rapid and efficient management in cases (especially diabetics) complaining of chest pain at the emergency department is a matter of great importance to decrease the incidence of subsequent complications. Our aim was to predict coronary artery diseases in type-2 diabetic patients with typical chest pain with normal initial cardiac investigations at the emergency room by using computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography. Patients and methods A total number of 100 patients were included in this study and classified into two groups: 80 patients with diabetes mellitus (group A) and 20 nondiabetic patients (group B) presented with chest pain. Complete history was taken from the cases with performing of complete physical examination, and routine laboratory and radiological investigations. Additionally, echocardiography and multislice CT-coronary angiography (coronary computed tomography angiography) were done for all cases. Also, calcium score was calculated. Results CT angiography revealed affection in 19 (23.8%) cases of the cases in group A with no affected cases in group B with a statistically significant difference between the two groups. There was a high statistically significant agreement between the findings of the CT angiography and coronary angiography results (P<0.001). CT angiography had sensitivity of 70.37%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 86.89%, and accuracy of 90%. Conclusion An early coronary computed tomography angiography strategy has revealed high sensitivity in prediction of coronary artery disease affection as compared with ordinary coronary angiography in cases presented with chest pain to emergency department.
背景与目的糖尿病是一种影响广泛人群的代谢性疾病。微血管和大血管并发症在糖尿病患者中非常常见,冠状动脉病变发生率高。在急诊科对胸痛主诉的病例(尤其是糖尿病患者)进行快速有效的处理,对于减少后续并发症的发生具有重要意义。我们的目的是通过计算机断层扫描(CT)冠状动脉造影术在急诊室进行正常的初始心脏检查并伴有典型胸痛的2型糖尿病患者中预测冠状动脉疾病。患者与方法本研究共纳入100例胸痛患者,分为两组:80例糖尿病患者(A组)和20例非糖尿病患者(B组)。对病例进行完整的体格检查、常规实验室和放射学检查,获得完整的病史。此外,所有病例均行超声心动图和多层ct冠状动脉造影(冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影)。同时计算钙评分。结果A组CT血管造影显示病变19例(23.8%),B组无病变,两组差异有统计学意义。CT血管造影结果与冠状动脉造影结果具有高度统计学意义的一致性(P<0.001)。CT血管造影敏感性为70.37%,特异性为100%,阳性预测值为100%,阴性预测值为86.89%,准确率为90%。结论与普通冠状动脉造影相比,早期冠状动脉ct造影对急诊科胸痛患者冠状动脉病变的预测具有较高的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison between video head impulse and videonystagmography in patients with vertiginous migraine 眩晕性偏头痛患者的视频头脉冲与视频震动图的比较
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_147_21
W. Mohamed, Gehan Elzaree, Mahmoud Hassan, A. Mohamed
Background and aim In addition to the classic migraine symptoms of vertigo, dizziness, and imbalance, vestibular migraine causes vertigo, dizziness, and imbalance. The video head impulse test (VHIT) is a novel approach for determining the function of each semicircular canal. Although videonystagmography (VNG) is an effective tool for identifying peripheral vertigo, not all patients with central vertigo can be easily detected. The goal of this research is to confirm the findings of the functional outcome of VHIT versus VNG in patients with vertiginous migraine. Patients and methods We selected 40 patients (both sexes) with vestibular migraine and 25 normal individuals as control. Both groups were subjected to complete clinical examination after thorough history taking, laboratory investigations, VHIT, and VNG. Results VNG had excellent predictive value in the patients’ group (95% confidence interval=0.891–0.998, P=0.0001) with a 96.6% sensitivity and 86.2% specificity, while VHIT had poor predictive value with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 48.1% (95% confidence interval=0.523–0.779, P=0.099). Conclusion VNG has a specificity and sensitivity for the prognosis of vestibular migraine that is virtually identical to VHIT.
背景和目的前庭性偏头痛除了引起眩晕、眩晕和不平衡的典型偏头痛症状外,还会引起眩晕、头晕和不平衡。视频头部冲击试验(VHIT)是一种确定每个半圆管功能的新方法。尽管视频眼球震颤描记术(VNG)是识别周围性眩晕的有效工具,但并不是所有的中枢性眩晕患者都能很容易地被检测到。本研究的目的是证实VHIT与VNG在眩晕性偏头痛患者中的功能结果。患者和方法我们选择了40名前庭偏头痛患者(男女)和25名正常人作为对照。两组患者在彻底的病史采集、实验室调查、VHIT和VNG后均接受了完整的临床检查。结果VNG在患者组中具有良好的预测价值(95%置信区间=0.891–0.998,P=0.0001),敏感性为96.6%,特异性为86.2%,而VHIT的预测价值较差,敏感性为100%,特异性为48.1%(95%置信区间=0.523–0.779,P=0.099)。结论VNG对前庭偏头痛的预后具有与VHIT几乎相同的特异性和敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Blood monocyte subtypes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection 肺结核感染患者血单核细胞亚型
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_142_20
Tamer El-Rab Attia, M. Abdelmeguid, A. Mohammed, Hamada Fayed
Background and aim Monocytes are the primary target for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Important alterations in the proportions of circulating monocyte subpopulations were found in patients with active tuberculosis (aTB). Our aim was to investigate the peripheral blood monocyte subsets in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (aPTB) and to evaluate their role in treatment response. Patients and methods A case–control study included 30 patients with aPTB and 30 healthy controls. Laboratory investigations include sputum examination, tuberculin test, and nucleic acid amplification test using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum sample for patients only to confirm the diagnosis of aPTB. For all participants; complete blood count, erythrocyte-sedimentation rate, HIV antibodies, and flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood monocyte subsets were done using surface markers CD14 phycoerythrin cyanin 7 and CD16 fluoroisothiocyanate for identification of monocyte subsets. Flow cytometry analysis was repeated 2 months after the start of treatment in aTB patients only. Results Classical monocytes were decreased while intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes were increased in aTB patients before treatment more than after 2 months of treatment and control group (P≤0.0001 for each). There was no significant difference in the three monocyte subsets between PTB patients after treatment and healthy controls. Also, the classical monocytes decreased while intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes increased in aTB patients with positive tuberculin test more than healthy controls with positive tuberculin test (P<0.0001 for each). Conclusion The expansion of CD16+ monocytes was reversed after treatment with anti-TB drugs and could be used to follow up tuberculous patients for treatment effectiveness.
背景与目的单核细胞是结核分枝杆菌感染的主要靶点。活动性肺结核(aTB)患者的循环单核细胞亚群比例发生了重要变化。我们的目的是研究活动性肺结核(aPTB)患者的外周血单核细胞亚群,并评估它们在治疗反应中的作用。患者和方法一项病例对照研究包括30名aPTB患者和30名健康对照。实验室调查包括痰液检查、结核菌素测试和核酸扩增测试,使用GeneXpert MTB/RIF对患者的痰液样本进行检测,仅用于确认aPTB的诊断。对于所有参与者;使用表面标记CD14藻红蛋白花青7和CD16氟异硫氰酸盐对外周血单核细胞亚群进行全血计数、红细胞沉降率、HIV抗体和流式细胞术分析,以鉴定单核细胞子集。仅在aTB患者开始治疗2个月后重复流式细胞术分析。结果aTB患者治疗前、治疗2个月后和对照组相比,经典单核细胞减少,而中间单核细胞和非经典单核核细胞增加(P≤0.0001)。PTB患者治疗后的三种单核细胞亚群与健康对照组之间没有显著差异。此外,结核菌素试验呈阳性的aTB患者的经典单核细胞减少,而中间单核细胞和非经典单核核细胞增加,高于结核菌素试验阳性的健康对照组(各P<0.0001)。结论抗结核药物治疗后可逆转CD16+单核细胞的扩增,可用于随访结核患者的治疗效果。
{"title":"Blood monocyte subtypes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection","authors":"Tamer El-Rab Attia, M. Abdelmeguid, A. Mohammed, Hamada Fayed","doi":"10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_142_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_142_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Monocytes are the primary target for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Important alterations in the proportions of circulating monocyte subpopulations were found in patients with active tuberculosis (aTB). Our aim was to investigate the peripheral blood monocyte subsets in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (aPTB) and to evaluate their role in treatment response. Patients and methods A case–control study included 30 patients with aPTB and 30 healthy controls. Laboratory investigations include sputum examination, tuberculin test, and nucleic acid amplification test using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay on sputum sample for patients only to confirm the diagnosis of aPTB. For all participants; complete blood count, erythrocyte-sedimentation rate, HIV antibodies, and flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood monocyte subsets were done using surface markers CD14 phycoerythrin cyanin 7 and CD16 fluoroisothiocyanate for identification of monocyte subsets. Flow cytometry analysis was repeated 2 months after the start of treatment in aTB patients only. Results Classical monocytes were decreased while intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes were increased in aTB patients before treatment more than after 2 months of treatment and control group (P≤0.0001 for each). There was no significant difference in the three monocyte subsets between PTB patients after treatment and healthy controls. Also, the classical monocytes decreased while intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes increased in aTB patients with positive tuberculin test more than healthy controls with positive tuberculin test (P<0.0001 for each). Conclusion The expansion of CD16+ monocytes was reversed after treatment with anti-TB drugs and could be used to follow up tuberculous patients for treatment effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"39 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41595959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
T-helper and natural killer cells’ disturbance in active alopecia areata 活动性斑秃患者辅助T细胞和自然杀伤细胞的紊乱
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_76_21
A. Younes, Refaat Hammad, Ali Sobhy
Background and aim Alopecia areata (AA) is a common nonscarring hair disease targeting the hair follicles during the anagen phase, leading to hair loss. The etiology of AA is still unclear; however, evidence revealed the association of this disease with immune disturbance. Therefore, we aimed in this study to evaluate the level of natural killer (NK) and T-helper 1 (Th1) cells in the peripheral circulation of patients with different subtypes of AA during the active stage in comparison with the controls. Patients and methods Venous blood samples from 50 female patients and 50 healthy-controls were collected to evaluate the level of Th1 and NK cells using flow cytometry. Results Patients with active patchy AA, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis were associated with a lower level of circulating Th1 and NK cells when compared with the controls. Conclusion The observed reduction in the circulating Th1 and NK cells indicates the autoimmune nature of the disease. Also, we highlight the cellular shift from the peripheral circulation to the lesion site during the active stage; however, more research is required to reveal the exact mechanism for this phenomenon.
背景与目的斑秃(AA)是一种常见的非瘢痕性毛发疾病,在毛发生长阶段以毛囊为目标,导致脱发。AA的病因尚不清楚;然而,有证据显示这种疾病与免疫紊乱有关。因此,我们在本研究中旨在评估不同亚型AA患者在活动期外周循环中自然杀伤(NK)和t辅助1 (Th1)细胞的水平,并与对照组进行比较。患者与方法采集50例女性患者和50例健康对照者静脉血,采用流式细胞术检测Th1和NK细胞水平。结果与对照组相比,活动性斑块性AA、全秃和普遍秃患者外周血Th1和NK细胞水平较低。结论观察到的循环Th1和NK细胞的减少提示疾病的自身免疫性。此外,我们强调在活跃期细胞从外周循环转移到病变部位;然而,需要更多的研究来揭示这一现象的确切机制。
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引用次数: 0
Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin in pancreatic carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study 胰腺癌中基质金属蛋白酶-2和survivin表达的免疫组化研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_106_21
Said Mohamed, Yasser Eldowik
{"title":"Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and survivin in pancreatic carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study","authors":"Said Mohamed, Yasser Eldowik","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_106_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_106_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70687416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Short-term effects of prophylactic intravitreal injection of triamcinolone and moxifloxacin combination after cataract surgery 白内障术后预防性玻璃体内注射曲安奈德与莫西沙星的近期疗效
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_1_22
E. Saliem
{"title":"Short-term effects of prophylactic intravitreal injection of triamcinolone and moxifloxacin combination after cataract surgery","authors":"E. Saliem","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_1_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_1_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70687406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative study between the closure of small-sized and medium-sized urethral cutaneous fistula after hypospadias repair with and without autologous platelet-rich plasma graft 自体富血小板血浆移植与非自体富血小板血浆移植修复尿道下裂后小、中型尿道皮瘘闭合的比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_145_21
A. Kopeya, A. Elshamy, Mahmoud S Moussa
{"title":"Comparative study between the closure of small-sized and medium-sized urethral cutaneous fistula after hypospadias repair with and without autologous platelet-rich plasma graft","authors":"A. Kopeya, A. Elshamy, Mahmoud S Moussa","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_145_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_145_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70688755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like 1) in type-2 diabetic patients and ischemic heart diseases 2型糖尿病患者炎症生物标志物YKL-40(几丁质酶-3样1)与缺血性心脏病的关系
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_157_20
AishaH.T.M Abdelhafez, ZainabA El Shawaf, MervatA Abbas, M. El-Kader, E. Ibrahim
{"title":"Association between the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like 1) in type-2 diabetic patients and ischemic heart diseases","authors":"AishaH.T.M Abdelhafez, ZainabA El Shawaf, MervatA Abbas, M. El-Kader, E. Ibrahim","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_157_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_157_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70689051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal
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