Background and aim Lung function, especially spirometry, is an important investigatory tool in the evaluation of asthma in children. This study aimed to compare the clinical condition of asthmatic children using the lung function test before and after treatment and after 3 months as a follow-up of asthmatic patients admitted to Al-Azhar Assiut University Hospital. Patients and methods This clinical study was a prospective study that included 60 asthmatic children aged 6–16 years with bronchial asthma plus 30 children matched for age, sex and nutritional status as a control group over a period of 13 months from December 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Results The age of the children included in this study was found to be mean±SD 9.033±2.843, with a male predominance (male : female ratio 58% : 42%) and a positive family history of asthma (61%) and other allergic disorders (65%). There was a statistically significant change in forced expiratory volume at first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio that showed considerable improvement in both age groups at admission, after receiving the suitable treatment and at follow-up 3 months after discharge. Conclusion Pediatric asthma is a major clinical concern and represents a huge burden on the family and society, hence the importance of prompt and early diagnosis that includes lung function testing, especially FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio, in not only diagnosis but also for monitoring the efficacy of treatment and follow-up.
{"title":"Role of the lung function test in asthmatic children admitted to Al-Azhar University (Assiut)","authors":"A. Hamed, M. Mohammed, K. Awad, Y. Abdel-Rahman","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Lung function, especially spirometry, is an important investigatory tool in the evaluation of asthma in children. This study aimed to compare the clinical condition of asthmatic children using the lung function test before and after treatment and after 3 months as a follow-up of asthmatic patients admitted to Al-Azhar Assiut University Hospital. Patients and methods This clinical study was a prospective study that included 60 asthmatic children aged 6–16 years with bronchial asthma plus 30 children matched for age, sex and nutritional status as a control group over a period of 13 months from December 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Results The age of the children included in this study was found to be mean±SD 9.033±2.843, with a male predominance (male : female ratio 58% : 42%) and a positive family history of asthma (61%) and other allergic disorders (65%). There was a statistically significant change in forced expiratory volume at first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio that showed considerable improvement in both age groups at admission, after receiving the suitable treatment and at follow-up 3 months after discharge. Conclusion Pediatric asthma is a major clinical concern and represents a huge burden on the family and society, hence the importance of prompt and early diagnosis that includes lung function testing, especially FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio, in not only diagnosis but also for monitoring the efficacy of treatment and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"15 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44860567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aziza H. Nassef, Doaa S. Ahmed, Medhat Abd Elwahab
{"title":"Achievement of a 136-day delayed-interval delivery of a second twin with minimum intervention","authors":"Aziza H. Nassef, Doaa S. Ahmed, Medhat Abd Elwahab","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_9_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_9_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70691740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and aim Several laboratory tests and procedures have been considered as noninvasive prediction of esophageal varices (OV). This study assessed the usefulness of shear-wave elastography in splenic stiffness measurement (SSM) as a noninvasive assessment for OV prediction. Patients and methods This study was performed on 100 cases in Sohag Cardiology and Gastroenterology 1Center who were categorized into three groups: group A: (n=40) included liver cirrhosis of any cause proved clinically, laboratory, and by ultrasound; group B: (n=30) included chronic hepatitis of any cause; and group C: (n=30) included nonhepatic cases attending the hospital with gastrointestinal tract complaints. All cases have been subjected to full history taking and clinical examination before classification, complete blood count, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, serum albumin, coagulation profile and serum bilirubin, hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HB Ag), abdominal ultrasonography, SSM by shear-wave elastography, and upper endoscopy for diagnosing of OV. Results As regards to abdominal ultrasound and upper endoscopy, significant differences were noted between three groups regarding spleen, spleen diameter, SSM, ascites, and OV (as 27.5 and 65% cases in group I had ascites and OV versus no cases in groups II and III as P<0.001). As regards to spleen diameter and SSM, significant increase was noted in group A than B and C, but insignificant differences were noted among groups B and C. As regards to OV grades in group A, there were five cases with grade I, nine cases with grade II, five cases with grade III, and seven cases with grade IV. Considerable positive correlations were noted among OV grades and acoustic radiation force impulse elastography (r=0.904, P <0.001). Conclusion SSM by shear-wave elastography is a useful noninvasive parameter for detection of OV presence and grading in cases of liver cirrhosis.
背景与目的一些实验室检查和程序被认为是食管静脉曲张(OV)的无创预测。本研究评估了剪切波弹性成像在脾刚度测量(SSM)中作为OV预测的无创评估的有效性。患者和方法本研究对Sohag心脏病和胃肠病学1中心的100例患者进行了研究，分为三组:A组:(n=40)包括临床、实验室和超声证实的任何原因的肝硬化;B组:(n=30)包括任何原因的慢性肝炎;C组(n=30)包括因胃肠道疾病就诊的非肝病患者。所有病例在分类前均进行了完整的病史和临床检查，全血计数、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、血清白蛋白、凝血和血清胆红素、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(HCV Ab)和乙型肝炎表面抗原(HB Ag)、腹部超声检查、剪切波弹性成像SSM和上内镜诊断OV。结果在腹部超声和上腔镜检查方面，三组患者在脾脏、脾脏直径、SSM、腹水和OV方面差异有统计学意义(I组有腹水和OV的分别为27.5%和65%，而II组和III组无腹水和OV, P<0.001)。脾脏直径和SSM A组明显高于B、C组，但B、C组间差异不显著。OV分级A组ⅰ级5例，ⅱ级9例，ⅲ级5例，ⅳ级7例。OV分级与声辐射力冲击弹性图呈显著正相关(r=0.904, P <0.001)。结论剪切波弹性成像SSM是一种有效的无创参数，可用于肝硬化OV的检测和分级。
{"title":"Spleen stiffness measurement based on shear-wave elastography for noninvasive assessment of esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis cases","authors":"Walid N. Soliman, K. Eid, A. Mohammad","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Several laboratory tests and procedures have been considered as noninvasive prediction of esophageal varices (OV). This study assessed the usefulness of shear-wave elastography in splenic stiffness measurement (SSM) as a noninvasive assessment for OV prediction. Patients and methods This study was performed on 100 cases in Sohag Cardiology and Gastroenterology 1Center who were categorized into three groups: group A: (n=40) included liver cirrhosis of any cause proved clinically, laboratory, and by ultrasound; group B: (n=30) included chronic hepatitis of any cause; and group C: (n=30) included nonhepatic cases attending the hospital with gastrointestinal tract complaints. All cases have been subjected to full history taking and clinical examination before classification, complete blood count, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, serum albumin, coagulation profile and serum bilirubin, hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HB Ag), abdominal ultrasonography, SSM by shear-wave elastography, and upper endoscopy for diagnosing of OV. Results As regards to abdominal ultrasound and upper endoscopy, significant differences were noted between three groups regarding spleen, spleen diameter, SSM, ascites, and OV (as 27.5 and 65% cases in group I had ascites and OV versus no cases in groups II and III as P<0.001). As regards to spleen diameter and SSM, significant increase was noted in group A than B and C, but insignificant differences were noted among groups B and C. As regards to OV grades in group A, there were five cases with grade I, nine cases with grade II, five cases with grade III, and seven cases with grade IV. Considerable positive correlations were noted among OV grades and acoustic radiation force impulse elastography (r=0.904, P <0.001). Conclusion SSM by shear-wave elastography is a useful noninvasive parameter for detection of OV presence and grading in cases of liver cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"26 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46135534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_207_20
S. Rashwan, Y. Ahmed, A. Ibrahim, Ismail Abd Kasem
Background and aim Previous studies reported that iron-deficiency could be a risk factor for febrile seizure (FS), as the latter is more common in children younger than 2 years, and iron-deficiency anemia is also common in children of the same age. Yet, the relationship between iron deficiency and FS is not yet determined, and that is why this study was suggested. The aim of this study was to assess the association between iron-deficiency anemia and febrile convulsion (FC). Patients and methods This study included 60 children aged 6 months to 5 years. These children were divided into three groups: a group of 20 patients with FC, a group of 20 patients with fever but without FC, and a group of 20 healthy children. Results The main findings of this study were that there was a higher incidence of FSs found among children who received formula feeding. Furthermore, children with FSs had the lowest level of hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and transferrin saturation values. However, iron-deficiency anemia was not associated with increased incidence of FCs. Conclusion It can be concluded that formula feeding, low hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and transferrin saturation are reinforcing factors for FSs.
{"title":"Association between iron-deficiency anemia and febrile convulsion in children","authors":"S. Rashwan, Y. Ahmed, A. Ibrahim, Ismail Abd Kasem","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_207_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_207_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Previous studies reported that iron-deficiency could be a risk factor for febrile seizure (FS), as the latter is more common in children younger than 2 years, and iron-deficiency anemia is also common in children of the same age. Yet, the relationship between iron deficiency and FS is not yet determined, and that is why this study was suggested. The aim of this study was to assess the association between iron-deficiency anemia and febrile convulsion (FC). Patients and methods This study included 60 children aged 6 months to 5 years. These children were divided into three groups: a group of 20 patients with FC, a group of 20 patients with fever but without FC, and a group of 20 healthy children. Results The main findings of this study were that there was a higher incidence of FSs found among children who received formula feeding. Furthermore, children with FSs had the lowest level of hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and transferrin saturation values. However, iron-deficiency anemia was not associated with increased incidence of FCs. Conclusion It can be concluded that formula feeding, low hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and transferrin saturation are reinforcing factors for FSs.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"8 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44915831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/1687-1693.348399
.
{"title":"Erratum: Sural and medial plantar nerve conduction study in the diagnosis of subclinical diabetic neuropathy","authors":".","doi":"10.4103/1687-1693.348399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1687-1693.348399","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70400453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_116_21
Islam Amr, H. Yousef, A. Ahmed
Background and aim Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the most popular refractive surgical operation for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Corneal flap creation is an essential step for the success of LASIK. The aim of the work is to evaluate the accuracy of the post-LASIK flap thickness created by mechanical microkeratomes using Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT). Patients and methods This study included 60 eyes (of 30 patients), who underwent LASIK for refractive error correction. The patients were divided into two groups: (a) group A involved 30 eyes of 15 patients; in this group, the mechanical microkeratome Moria M2 (Moria M2, 110) was used. (b) Group B involved 30 eyes of 15 patients; in this group, the microkeratome Moria M2 (Moria M2, 100 with medlogic plano head) was used. Results As regards postoperative changes in flap thickness, the results of the current study showed that there were no considerable changes in thickness of the flap between 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively in either group. Conclusion Moria M2 100 with medlogic plano head created LASIK flaps with thinner thickness, and more predictability and more preservation of bed thickness than those created with the Moria M2 110.
{"title":"Assessment of post-LASIK flap thickness created by mechanical microkeratomes by anterior segment optical coherence tomography","authors":"Islam Amr, H. Yousef, A. Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_116_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_116_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the most popular refractive surgical operation for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Corneal flap creation is an essential step for the success of LASIK. The aim of the work is to evaluate the accuracy of the post-LASIK flap thickness created by mechanical microkeratomes using Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT). Patients and methods This study included 60 eyes (of 30 patients), who underwent LASIK for refractive error correction. The patients were divided into two groups: (a) group A involved 30 eyes of 15 patients; in this group, the mechanical microkeratome Moria M2 (Moria M2, 110) was used. (b) Group B involved 30 eyes of 15 patients; in this group, the microkeratome Moria M2 (Moria M2, 100 with medlogic plano head) was used. Results As regards postoperative changes in flap thickness, the results of the current study showed that there were no considerable changes in thickness of the flap between 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively in either group. Conclusion Moria M2 100 with medlogic plano head created LASIK flaps with thinner thickness, and more predictability and more preservation of bed thickness than those created with the Moria M2 110.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"104 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47992964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_119_21
M. Elwan, M. Elmoursy, Ahmed Ibrahim Metwaly, M. Ryan
Background and aim Audiovestibular dysfunctions have been previously linked to osteoporosis (OP) with controversies about the mutual relationship. In this study, we aimed to assess the audiovestibular functions in patients with OP and osteopenia and to study their association with vitamin D deficiency. Patients and methods Of 60 patients enrolled in this study, 30 had low bone mineral density (BMD) (group I) and 30 had normal BMD (group II). After clinical examination and evaluation of serum vitamin D and calcium levels, the participants then were referred for audiovestibular assessments, which included basic audiological evaluation by pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflex, video-nystagmoscopy tests, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) to assess saccular function. Both participants and audiologist were blinded regarding the BMD results. Results There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the level of calcium (P=0.002) and vitamin D (P=0.001). There was a significant difference in the normal hearing threshold between both groups (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in VEMP testing (VEMP P1; P=0.489, amplitude; P=0.898). Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo was the most common finding in group I, among the females, where they had vitamin D deficiency (16.67±4.16) and OP (mean T score=−2.73±0.06). Conclusions Patients with low BMD showed a greater degree of audiovestibular dysfunction, which should be considered among the associating risk factors and comorbidities. Assessment of the audiovestibular functions should be recommended for patients with low BMD in the management guidelines.
{"title":"Audiovestibular performance in patients with low bone mineral density: a case–control study","authors":"M. Elwan, M. Elmoursy, Ahmed Ibrahim Metwaly, M. Ryan","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_119_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_119_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Audiovestibular dysfunctions have been previously linked to osteoporosis (OP) with controversies about the mutual relationship. In this study, we aimed to assess the audiovestibular functions in patients with OP and osteopenia and to study their association with vitamin D deficiency. Patients and methods Of 60 patients enrolled in this study, 30 had low bone mineral density (BMD) (group I) and 30 had normal BMD (group II). After clinical examination and evaluation of serum vitamin D and calcium levels, the participants then were referred for audiovestibular assessments, which included basic audiological evaluation by pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflex, video-nystagmoscopy tests, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) to assess saccular function. Both participants and audiologist were blinded regarding the BMD results. Results There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the level of calcium (P=0.002) and vitamin D (P=0.001). There was a significant difference in the normal hearing threshold between both groups (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in VEMP testing (VEMP P1; P=0.489, amplitude; P=0.898). Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo was the most common finding in group I, among the females, where they had vitamin D deficiency (16.67±4.16) and OP (mean T score=−2.73±0.06). Conclusions Patients with low BMD showed a greater degree of audiovestibular dysfunction, which should be considered among the associating risk factors and comorbidities. Assessment of the audiovestibular functions should be recommended for patients with low BMD in the management guidelines.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"121 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49153353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/azmj.azmj_139_21
Wafaa Abdelkhalek, H. Hegazy, Mohamed I. EL-Kasaby
Background and aim Several studies have shown the relationship between axial length (AL) of the eye and central corneal thickness (CCT). Since genetics, ethnicity, and race can affect these factors, their differences between different societies can probably explain refractive error variance. We present the ocular parameter values in 154 eyes of different refractive error groups to investigate the correlation between AL of the eye and CCT in Egyptians with refractive errors. Patients and methods In all, 154 patients were classified into emmetropic, hypermetropic, simple myopic, congenital myopic, and malignant myopic groups. Most ocular parameters were achieved using IOLMaster 700 and stratified according to AL and CCT. Results The CCT means in the studied groups was 537±34, 523±31, 541±40, 524±40, and 524±27 μm in emmetropic, hypermetropic, simple myopic, congenital myopic, and malignant myopic groups, respectively. The AL was 23±0.76, 22±1.1, 25±1.3, 26±1.4, and 29±1.6 mm, respectively. Regarding the correlation between AL of the eye and CCT (r=−0.01, P=0.92, confidence interval=−0.17 to 0.15). Conclusion This study provided valued measurements of ocular parameters of the Egyptians with refractive errors. Besides, there is no significant correlation between AL of the eye and its CCT in Egyptians with errors of refraction.
{"title":"Relationship between central corneal thickness and axial eye length using partial coherence interferometry","authors":"Wafaa Abdelkhalek, H. Hegazy, Mohamed I. EL-Kasaby","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_139_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_139_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Several studies have shown the relationship between axial length (AL) of the eye and central corneal thickness (CCT). Since genetics, ethnicity, and race can affect these factors, their differences between different societies can probably explain refractive error variance. We present the ocular parameter values in 154 eyes of different refractive error groups to investigate the correlation between AL of the eye and CCT in Egyptians with refractive errors. Patients and methods In all, 154 patients were classified into emmetropic, hypermetropic, simple myopic, congenital myopic, and malignant myopic groups. Most ocular parameters were achieved using IOLMaster 700 and stratified according to AL and CCT. Results The CCT means in the studied groups was 537±34, 523±31, 541±40, 524±40, and 524±27 μm in emmetropic, hypermetropic, simple myopic, congenital myopic, and malignant myopic groups, respectively. The AL was 23±0.76, 22±1.1, 25±1.3, 26±1.4, and 29±1.6 mm, respectively. Regarding the correlation between AL of the eye and CCT (r=−0.01, P=0.92, confidence interval=−0.17 to 0.15). Conclusion This study provided valued measurements of ocular parameters of the Egyptians with refractive errors. Besides, there is no significant correlation between AL of the eye and its CCT in Egyptians with errors of refraction.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"148 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46482241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_111_20
Enas Ahmed Hassan, Y. Ahmed, M. Hassan, M. Bashir
Background and Aim Previous studies have shown the relationship between children with type 1 diabetes and vitamin D. To evaluate the level of vitamin D in children with type 1 diabetes and the effect of low vitamin D level on the long-term blood glucose controls reflected by glycated hemoglobin. Patients and methods The study included 20 children who had already been diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes mellitus with vitamin D deficiency and 20 normal nondiabetic children as a control group. Full history taking, clinical examinations, and investigations for all children, including serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, were done. Results Vitamin D deficiency was present in ∼85% of children with type 1 diabetes compared with nondiabetic control, who showed good vitamin D level. Conclusion Type 1 diabetic children are associated with low vitamin D level. Perhaps infants supplemented with vitamin D level might be a safe and effective plan for decreasing the risk of type 1 diabetes and also may decrease and improve levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Estimation of vitamin D level in type 1 diabetic children","authors":"Enas Ahmed Hassan, Y. Ahmed, M. Hassan, M. Bashir","doi":"10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_111_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_111_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim Previous studies have shown the relationship between children with type 1 diabetes and vitamin D. To evaluate the level of vitamin D in children with type 1 diabetes and the effect of low vitamin D level on the long-term blood glucose controls reflected by glycated hemoglobin. Patients and methods The study included 20 children who had already been diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes mellitus with vitamin D deficiency and 20 normal nondiabetic children as a control group. Full history taking, clinical examinations, and investigations for all children, including serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, were done. Results Vitamin D deficiency was present in ∼85% of children with type 1 diabetes compared with nondiabetic control, who showed good vitamin D level. Conclusion Type 1 diabetic children are associated with low vitamin D level. Perhaps infants supplemented with vitamin D level might be a safe and effective plan for decreasing the risk of type 1 diabetes and also may decrease and improve levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"564 - 568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43609402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_126_20
F. Kassab, A. Sedek
Background and aim This is a prospective randomized single-center study aimed to assess the efficacy of carbetocin versus intramyometrial oxytocin in the prevention of atonic postpartum hemorrhage following Cesarean section in high-risk women. Patients and methods A total of 160 women with gestational age more than 38 weeks at high risk for primary atonic postpartum hemorrhage undergoing elective or urgent cesarean section under regional or general anesthesia were randomly divided into two equal groups: group A included 80 patients, and they received oxytocin 20 IU intramyometrially. Group B included 80 patients, and they received carbetocin, 100 μg intravenously. Results There was no significant difference in the mean values of hematocrit before and 24 h after delivery (P>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the estimated blood loss calculated by hematocrit values (P>0.05). Moreover, it was shown that 17.5% of women in the carbetocin group needed additional uterotonics versus 25% of women in the oxytocin group. Therefore, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding needing additional uterotonics. There were eight cases that needed more surgical intervention. Conclusion Both drugs are equally effective in prevention of atonic postpartum hemorrhage. There is no significant difference between single injection of carbetocin and intramyometrial 20 IU oxytocin in reducing the use of additional oxytocic agents.
{"title":"Comparative study between intramyometrial oxytocin and oxytocin analogue (carbetocin) in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean section","authors":"F. Kassab, A. Sedek","doi":"10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_126_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_126_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim This is a prospective randomized single-center study aimed to assess the efficacy of carbetocin versus intramyometrial oxytocin in the prevention of atonic postpartum hemorrhage following Cesarean section in high-risk women. Patients and methods A total of 160 women with gestational age more than 38 weeks at high risk for primary atonic postpartum hemorrhage undergoing elective or urgent cesarean section under regional or general anesthesia were randomly divided into two equal groups: group A included 80 patients, and they received oxytocin 20 IU intramyometrially. Group B included 80 patients, and they received carbetocin, 100 μg intravenously. Results There was no significant difference in the mean values of hematocrit before and 24 h after delivery (P>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the estimated blood loss calculated by hematocrit values (P>0.05). Moreover, it was shown that 17.5% of women in the carbetocin group needed additional uterotonics versus 25% of women in the oxytocin group. Therefore, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding needing additional uterotonics. There were eight cases that needed more surgical intervention. Conclusion Both drugs are equally effective in prevention of atonic postpartum hemorrhage. There is no significant difference between single injection of carbetocin and intramyometrial 20 IU oxytocin in reducing the use of additional oxytocic agents.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"556 - 559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46871253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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