American journal of translational research最新文献

Objectives: Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (RALP) and Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) demonstrated efficacy in mitigating malignant phenotypes across various tumors types. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the impact of RALP and CR on tumor burden in acute myelocytic leukemia (AML).

Methods: In vitro, AML cell lines were treated with a range of RALP and CR concentrations over varying durations to determine the optimal inhibitory concentrations. In vivo, an AML model was established in NSG mince using Luc-MOLM-13 cells. The effects of RALP and CR on AML tumor burden were subsequently evaluated via in vivo imaging and histopathological analysis. Potential therapeutic targets of RALP and CR in AML were identified using network.

Results: Monotherapy with either RALP or CR effectively reduced AML cell viability, with maximal inhibition observed at 100 µg/ml for 72 hours. In vitro, both agents attenuated AML cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, with the combination treatment exhibiting a synergistic effect. In vivo, RALP and/or CR treatment alleviated model-associated weight loss, reduced Luc-MOLM-13 cell infiltration, and decreased bone marrow hCD45⁺ cells, with the combination regimen proving most effective. Network pharmacology identified 9 and 57 potential AML-related targets for RALP and CR, respectively. These targets regulate apoptosis, inflammation, proliferation, and immunity. Notably, hub proteins among these targets were effectively regulated by RALP and/or CR treatment, including CALM1, CASP3, CHEK1, ESR1, IL-6, MYC, and PTGS2.

Conclusions: As traditional Chinese medicine, RALP and CR effectively alleviate AML tumor burden, and their combination demonstrates synergistic effects.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) combined with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for subacute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 93 patients with subacute lower extremity DVT, divided into the CDT group (n=45) and combined group (PMT + CDT, n=48) by treatment regimen. Clinical efficacy, thrombus clearance, related indicators and safety were compared between the two groups.

Results: The total effective rate of the combined group (97.92%) was significantly higher than that of the CDT group (82.22%) (P<0.05), with superior thrombus removal grade, significantly shorter thrombolysis duration, lower drug dosage and shorter hospital stay (all P<0.05). After treatment, the combined group showed more significant improvements in coagulation, inflammation, limb circumference difference and hemorheology indexes, with a lower recurrence rate (4.17% vs 17.78%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in complication rate between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion: PMT combined with CDT exerts significant efficacy and favorable safety in treating subacute lower extremity DVT, and can reduce recurrence risk.

Background: Sarcopenia is a age-related symptom characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, which often coexists with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Objective: In the current study, the association between sarcopenia severity and the progression of KOA among elderly patients was explored.

Methods: A total of 226 KOA patients aged ≥ 60 years were followed for 24 months. Sarcopenia was diagnosed into non-sarcopenia, probable, confirmed, and severe categories. Outcomes included Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) progression, joint-space width (JSW) narrowing, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) deterioration, functional decline, and biochemical changes. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, calibration plots, and decision-curve analysis (DCA).

Results: Radiographic progression increased stepwise with sarcopenia severity (KL progression: 25% to 65%; JSW narrowing: 30% to 68%, P < 0.001). Confirmed or severe sarcopenia independently predicted 24-month progression (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.33-5.01). Additional predictors included slower gait speed, lower phase angle, elevated CRP and IL-6, reduced albumin, and lower 25 (OH)D levels. The multivariable model integrating these factors achieved strong discrimination (AUC = 0.86), excellent calibration, and meaningful net clinical benefit on DCA, outperforming sarcopenia severity alone (AUC = 0.68). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated earlier progression in more severe sarcopenia groups.

Conclusions: Sarcopenia severity is strongly associated with earlier KOA progression by interacting with biomechanical, inflammatory, and nutritional pathways. Thus, a multidimensional model incorporating functional, inflammatory, and nutritional parameters substantially improves prognostic accuracy.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of thoracoscopic segmentectomy (TSE) and lobectomy (TLE) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: A total of 129 patients with early-stage NSCLC (ES-NSCLC) treated at the First People's Hospital of Zunyi between May 2022 and May 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into a control group (n=62; undergoing TLE) and a research group (n=67; undergoing TSE) based on their surgical approach. Surgical outcomes, intraoperative hemorrhagic blood loss, number of lymph nodes resected, surgical duration, chest drain duration and volume, minute ventilation, length of hospital stay, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, pulmonary function (PF), arterial blood gas parameters, postoperative complications, and prognosis was compared between the two groups.

Results: Resection efficacy, lymph node harvest, chest tube duration, overall morbidity rate, and 1-year survival/recurrence were comparable between the two groups. However, TSE was associated with reduced intraoperative bleeding, shorter procedure time, lower postoperative drainage volume, shorter hospitalization time, and lower pain scores on postoperative days 1 and 5, with better minute ventilation values. Although PF and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) in the research group decreased on postoperative day 5 compared with baseline, they remained markedly higher than the control group. Additionally, the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO₂) of the research group, though comparable to the preoperative level, was notably reduced compared to controls.

Conclusion: TSE for ES-NSCLC is associated with improved ventilation volume, shorter hospital stays, alleviated postoperative pain, and better preservation of PF and arterial blood gas parameters.

Objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided anterior suprascapular nerve block (ASSB) versus interscalene block (ISB) in elderly patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy surgery under general anesthesia.

Methods: Elderly patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia at the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively included in this study. Demographic characteristics, intraoperative variables, perioperative vital signs, pulmonary function data, hemidiaphragmatic excursion (HDE), incidence of hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis (HDP), numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores, and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results: A total of 223 patients aged 60 years or older who underwent shoulder arthroscopies between January 2022 and December 2023 were included in this retrospective study. Depending on the nerve block method, patients were divided into two groups: the ISB (n = 108) and ASSB (n = 115) groups. Patients in the ASSB group demonstrated significantly greater ipsilateral HDE during quiet breathing (1.47 ± 0.42 cm) compared to the ISB group (1.36 ± 0.23 cm) (P = 0.010) and higher forced vital capacity (2.32 ± 0.52 L/min vs. 2.12 ± 0.85 L/min, P = 0.036). The ASSB group had a higher rate of no HDP (52.17% vs. 30.56% in ISB, P = 0.004) but lower incidence of partial HDP (65.74% vs. 46.09%). Postoperative NRS scores during activity were comparable between the two groups; however, NRS scores at rest were higher in the ASSB group. Additionally, the ASSB group had a lower overall incidence of complications, especially phrenic nerve block, yet the difference did reach statistical significance.

Conclusions: Ultrasound guided ASSB is a feasible anesthesia alternative for elderly patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy surgery. Compared to ISB, it provides better preservation of diaphragm function and reduces respiratory-related complications, while maintaining effective analgesic effects.

Objective: To compare the anesthetic effects of ciprofol and propofol in painless gastrointestinal endoscopy (PGE) for elderly patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out In 200 elderly patients who underwent PGE at the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between September 2023 and August 2024. Based on anesthetics they received, patients were divided into a propofol group (n=109) and a ciprofol group (n=91), with further stratification by American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification (I/II). Outcome measures, including the anesthesia-related indices, blood pressure at different time points [upon entering the procedure room (T0), after anesthesia induction (T1), 2 minutes after scope insertion (T2), and upon leaving the procedure room (T3)], the incidence of adverse reactions, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.

Results: The two groups showed comparable anesthesia induction time, gastrointestinal endoscopy duration, time to recovery of orientation, and recovery time from anesthesia (all P > 0.05). However, the ciprofol group showed significantly lower visual analog scale (VAS) scores (P < 0.05) and higher anesthesia satisfaction (91.21% vs. 71.56%, P < 0.05) compared with the propofol group. Both groups exhibited gradual decreases in diastolic and systolic blood pressure from T0 to T3, with differential patterns of change observed between groups (all P < 0.05). The ciprofol group also showed significantly lower rates of injection pain and respiratory depression than the propofol group (both P < 0.05).

Conclusion: For PGE in elderly patients, ciprofol demonstrates significant advantages over propofol in reducing adverse reactions, alleviating pain, and improving patient satisfaction.

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare, progressive disorder characterized by significant expansion, elongation, and tortuosity of the vertebrobasilar arteries. This case series introduces a novel imaging sign observed in three patients with clinical manifestations of VBD. The presence of outside-stent flow (OSF) may serve as a potential predictor for aneurysm recurrence in VBD following endovascular intervention. Furthermore, OSF could indicate the need for embolization of the contralateral vertebral artery after stenting, with or without coil embolization, in patients with VBD aneurysms.

Objectives: To develop a gradient boosting model for predicting the prognosis of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), providing a data-driven reference for early identification of high-risk patients in clinical settings.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the 28-day mortality in 307 ARDS patients treated at Qinzhou First People's Hospital between July 2023 and June 2024. Patients were divided into a mortality group (n=92) and a survival group (n=215) based on in-hospital death. Demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and biochemical parameters were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors, which were subsequently used to construct a gradient boosting machine (GBM) model and a nomogram model. Model performance was evaluated with calibration curves and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).

Results: Logistic regression identified age, oxygenation index (OI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as independent prognostic factors for ARDS. In the GBM model, the relative importance of NT-proBNP, age, NLR, IL-8, and OI was ranked. The nomogram indicated that older age, lower OI, and higher levels of NLR, IL-8, and NT-proBNP were associated with poorer prognosis. The AUC values for the GBM model in the training and validation sets were 0.907 (95% CI: 0.866-0.947) and 0.887 (95% CI: 0.803-0.971), respectively, which surpassed the values of 0.866 (95% CI: 0.810-0.923) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.733-0.937) for the Nomogram model.

Conclusion: The 28-day mortality rate among ARDS patients was 29.97%, and was mainly associated with age, oxygenation index, NLR, IL-8, and NT-proBNP levels. A GBM model constructed using these factors showed good predictive performance, offering valuable data references for clinical identification of ARDS patients at a high-risk of poor prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of respiratory guidance combined with chiropractic adjustment in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: Clinical data from 108 AIS patients treated between June 2023 and January 2025 were retrospectively reviewed. Based on the therapeutic approach, patients were allocated into a conventional group (n = 47) and a respiratory chiropractic treatment group (n = 61). Clinical outcomes, lumbar-back muscle strength, trunk rotation angle, and Cobb angle were compared. Lumbar-back pain intensity, exercise endurance, and quality of life were recorded before and after treatment.

Results: The overall effective rate was significantly higher in the respiratory chiropractic group than that in the conventional group (96.72% vs. 80.85%, P = 0.017). Post-treatment, both groups demonstrated improved lumbar-back strength and reduced trunk rotation and Cobb angles, with greater improvements in the respiratory chiropractic group (all P < 0.05). Scoliosis severity, apical trunk inclination, head deviation, and asymmetry in shoulder and pelvic height were all reduced after treatment, again with superior outcomes in the respiratory chiropractic group (all P < 0.05). Compared with baseline, both groups showed longer six-minute walking test distances and lower visual analogue scale scores, with the combined therapy producing greater benefits (all P < 0.05). The posterior trunk symmetry index and Scoliosis Research Society-22 scores were also markedly improved in both groups, particularly in those receiving combined treatment (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Integrating respiratory guidance with spinal adjustment provides significant rehabilitative benefits for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. This combined approach enhances spinal flexibility, strengthens back musculature, alleviates pain, improves exercise tolerance, and ultimately promotes better overall quality of life.

Objective: To explore the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of atopic dermatitis (AD) and their correlation with lesion severity.

Methods: A total of 3,912 patients with AD were enrolled in this analysis. Statistical analyses included the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent risk factors.

Results: The incidence was higher in patients under 10 years old and those with onset in autumn. The primary inducing factors varied with disease severity: hot water bathing (mild cases), seasonal changes/dust mites (moderate cases), and seasonal changes/pet contact (severe cases). The main clinical manifestations were pruritus and xerosis cutis. Elevated eosinophils and increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were observed. Multivariate regression analysis identified elevated IgE levels (OR = 3.41), pet contact (OR = 3.25), elevated eosinophils (OR = 2.95), and seasonal variation (OR = 2.18) as significant independent risk factors for disease exacerbation.

Conclusion: AD severity is independently associated with specific immune biomarkers and environmental exposures, targeted intervention, thus offering a basis for risk stratification and targeted clinical management.