American journal of translational research最新文献

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of combination therapy based on motion feedback training in patients recovering from ischemic stroke.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 205 patients in the recovery phase of ischemic stroke admitted between June 2022 and June 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: the conventional treatment group (n=101), receiving standard care, and the combination therapy group (n=104), receiving additional motion feedback training for 30 days. Outcome measures included root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) of surface electromyography (sEMG) for upper limb muscles, biochemical indicators, active range of motion (AROM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores, and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scores.

Results: Combination therapy significantly improved post-treatment RMS values in muscles such as the left Biceps brachii (BB) (P=0.008), right BB (P=0.003), and right Flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) (P=0.010). MDF values also improved significantly in the left BB (P=0.002) and left FPB (P=0.027). The combination therapy group showed higher post-treatment SOD levels compared to the conventional group (P=0.001). Significant improvements were observed in AROM (P<0.001), FMA (P<0.001), and ADL scores (P=0.010) in the combination therapy group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that combination therapy was associated with better outcomes (OR, 0.518; 95% CI, 0.291-0.923; P=0.026), while higher pre-treatment right FPB RMS values were linked to poorer prognosis (OR, 1.074; 95% CI, 1.004-1.149; P=0.039).

Conclusion: Motion feedback training-based combination therapy significantly enhances muscle activation, antioxidant biochemical pathways, functional recovery, and daily living activities in post-stroke patients compared to conventional treatment alone.

The pathogenesis of type I Chiari malformation (CIM) is complex and remains unclear. The theory of posterior cranial fossa incompatibility has gained widespread acceptance in recent years. In the patients with CIM combined with syringomyelia, scoliosis is a common occurrence, with severe cases often leading to complications that necessitate surgical intervention. Scoliosis of various etiologies manifests as a three-dimensional structural spinal deformity. The etiology of scoliosis secondary to Chiari malformation is well-defined, and its imaging characteristics resemble those of idiopathic scoliosis. Vertebral rotation plays a critical role in the onset and progression of the deformity. However, spinal orthopaedic surgery in these patients is more challenging and hazardous due to the Chiari malformation and associated spinal cord abnormalities. Accurate preoperative assessment of scoliosis, Chiari malformation, and syringomyelia (SM), along with strategic planning of surgical approaches and fusion segment selection, is essential for improving patient outcomes and prognosis. In adults, CIM presents with more severe clinical manifestations compared to children, mainly including brainstem and cranial nerve compression, spinal-related syndromes, cerebellar injury syndromes, and hydrocephalus. Consequently, scoliosis deformities are often overlooked. Currently, there are limited reports on the efficacy of spinal correction surgery in adult patients with scoliosis associated with adult Type 1 Chiari malformation with syringomyelia (CIM-SM). Additionally, it remains uncertain whether and when syringomyelia should be addressed in these patients. This study aims to review previous research and explore whether intervention for Chiari malformation and syringomyelia should precede spinal orthopaedic surgery, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of spinal correction procedures.

Objective: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most prevalent mRNA modification in carcinogenesis and it plays a crucial role. WTAP, an m6A RNA methyltransferase, is functionally significant in various cancers; however, the specific role and functional mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly understood.

Method: In this study, we utilized Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) to compare WTAP expression in CRC and normal tissues. Functional assays including colony formation assay and transwell assay were conducted to assess the impact of WTAP on cell viability and migration. RNA dot blot and MeRIP-PCR assays were used to investigate WTAP's role in m6A modification.

Results: WTAP expression was elevated in CRC tissues. Colony formation and transwell assays showed that WTAP promoted proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, MeRIP-PCR analysis demonstrated that WTAP knockdown inhibited SNAI1 expression by reducing m6A modification of SNAI1 in CRC cells. Supporting this, analysis of data from GEPIA and cBioPortal revealed a positive correlation between WTAP and SNAI1 expression.

Conclusion: WTAP may act as an oncogene in CRC by regulating SNAI1 expression.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of osimertinib in rat plasma, lung and brain tissues.

Methods: Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into an experimental group (receiving osimertinib at doses of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg) and a control group. After continuous intragastric administration for 15 days, samples of blood, lung, and brain tissue were collected. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a BEH C18 column with gradient elution, employing a mobile phase of water (containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid) and acetonitrile. The concentration of osimertinib in the samples was determined using an AB SCIEX 5500 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.

Results: A UPLC-MS/MS analytical method for determining osimertinib concentrations was successfully established and validated. A linear relationship was observed for osimertinib concentrations in plasma within the range of 1-300 ng/mL, and in lung and brain tissues within the range of 0.5-50 ng/mL. The selectivity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, extraction recovery, and stability all meet the requirements of methodological validation criteria.

Conclusions: A rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantifying osimertinib concentrations in rat plasma, lung, and brain tissues, providing a valuable tool for pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies.

Background: Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a pathological condition primarily driven by an impaired balance in the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-129-5p as a regulator of SONFH progression and associated mechanisms.

Methods: BMSCs were harvested from a rat SONFH model. qPCR was leveraged to assess miR-129-5p levels, while both qPCR and Western immunoblotting were utilized to evaluate HOXC10 expression. CCK8 assay was used to measure the proliferative activity of BMSCs, while their differentiation was analyzed using qPCR and Western blot.

Results: SONFH was associated with reduced miR-129-5p levels. Downregulation of miR-129-5p promoted BMSC adipogenesis while inhibiting their osteogenic differentiation and enhancing their adipogenesis differentiation. Mechanistically, miR-129-5p was found to regulate these processes by targeting the expression of the HOXC10 gene.

Conclusions: MiR-129-5p is downregulated in a rat SONFH model. Reduced miR-129-5p levels facilitated adipogenesis and suppressed osteogenesis in BMSCs through its inhibition of HOXC10. These findings offer novel insights into the prevention and treatment of SONFH.

Objective: To investigate the effects of minimally invasive strabismus surgery (MISS) on tear film function and ocular surface status in patients with strabismus.

Methods: We respectively analyzed the clinical data from 173 cases of strabismus patients treated at Xi'an First Hospital from September 2021 to March 2024. The patients were classified into a minimally invasive group (n=91, undergoing MISS) and a conventional group (n=82, undergoing traditional strabismus correction) according to their treatment plans. The general data, treatment efficacy, tear film function, ocular surface status, perioperative indicators, pain, and visual recovery were compared between the two groups. Factors affecting the patients' postoperative recovery were further analyzed according to the treatment effects.

Results: The clinical efficacy of the minimally invasive group (95.6%) was significantly higher than the conventional group (68.3%). Visual recovery of the minimally invasive group was also significantly better than the conventional group (P<0.05). The minimally invasive group showed superior tear film function and ocular surface health (P<0.05). The visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain were significantly lower in the minimally invasive group at different postoperative time points (all P<0.05). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the minimally invasive group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in surgical time (P>0.05). Logistics analysis identified the tear secretion basal test (Slt), corneal fluorescein staining score (CFS), and treatment regimen as independent factors influencing postoperative recovery status.

Conclusion: MISS effectively improves clinical outcomes in strabismus patients, preserves tear film function and ocular surface health, and promotes visual recovery. The Slt, CFS, and treatment regimen are independent factors affecting postoperative recovery in strabismus patients.

Aim: To explore the value and effectiveness of continuous nursing in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Methods: A total of 164 obese patients who were admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and underwent planned laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in 2022 were retrospectively selected as the control group, and another 164 obese patients undergoing the same surgery in 2022 were chosen as the research group. The control group received routine care, while the research group received continuous nursing care. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding the patient's body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, dietary habits, exercise and rest compliance, anxiety and depression status, quality of life and sleep, postoperative complications, and satisfaction.

Results: Compared with the control group, the research group showed significant decreases in the patient's body weight, body mass index (BMI), and fasting blood glucose levels, with a significant increase in excess weight loss percentage (%EWL) (all P<0.05). Dietary, exercise, and rest compliance were significantly higher in the research group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Additionally, patients in the research group scored higher in dimensions such as physical function, general health, social function, emotional role, and mental health compared to the control group (all P<0.05). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was significantly lower in the research group than that in the control group (P<0.05). The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were significantly lower in the research group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The complication rate in the research group was significantly lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05). Patient satisfaction with outpatient continuous nursing care was significantly higher in the research group than that in the control group (all P<0.05).

Conclusion: Continuous care applied following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy significantly improves patients' body weight, BMI, and %EWL. It can also effectively reduce fasting blood sugar levels and improve overall quality of life. Additionally, continuous care significantly enhances patients' compliance with dietary, exercise, and rest recommendations, thereby leading to a significant decrease in anxiety and depression symptoms, and an improvement in patient satisfaction and sleep quality.

Objective: To investigate the association between the basic and clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their susceptibility to Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization (KPC). Additionally, a clinical prediction model was developed to identify high-risk patients for KPC.

Methods: Data from 486 T2DM patients who visited Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. Patients were classified into the KPC group and normal group based on their Klebsiella pneumoniae test results. Differences between the two groups were analyzed using t-test and chi-square test. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing KPC susceptibility in T2DM patients, with odds ratios (ORs) calculated. A clinical prediction model was constructed using a nomogram and evaluated through the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), Hosmer-Lemeshow test, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results: Of the 486 T2DM patients, 124 were found to have KPC, with a colonization rate of 25.51%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that hospitalization within the past six months, elevated white blood cell count, decreased hemoglobin, and elevated ferritin levels were independent risk factors for KPC. Thyroid and liver function indicators were also associated with KPC susceptibility. The clinical prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.68-0.80). The calibration curve indicated no significant differences between observed and predicted values, suggesting that the model effectively identifies high-risk KPC patients.

Conclusion: T2DM patients are at an increased risk of secondary KPC. Identifying key risk factors for KPC in T2DM patients has significant clinical implications for early identification, targeted interventions, and individualized treatment strategies.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Moisture Chamber Goggles combined with Fluorometholone eye drops on visual function and oxidative stress in patients with dry eye disease.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 patients with dry eye disease treated at Ninghai First Hospital from January 2021 to May 2023. Patients were divided into a combination group (n=40, receiving Fluorometholone eye drops and Moisture Chamber Goggles) and a monotherapy group (n=40, receiving Fluorometholone eye drops alone) based on treatment regimens. Outcomes compared between the groups included subjective symptom scores (VAS), tear film stability parameters, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress indicators, and adverse reaction rates before and after treatment.

Results: Post-treatment, the combination group showed significantly longer tear breakup time (BUT) and higher Schirmer's test values compared to the monotherapy group (both P<0.05). Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and metalloproteinase-2 were significantly lower in the combination group (P<0.05). Additionally, the combination group had significantly lower VAS scores, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, and conjunctival hyperemia grades, as well as higher tear meniscus height and National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) scores (all P<0.05). No significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions were observed between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion: The combination of Moisture Chamber Goggles and Fluorometholone eye drops significantly improves subjective visual quality, promotes tear secretion, stabilizes the tear film, and reduces inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with dry eye disease, while maintaining a favorable safety profile.

Objective: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the prognosis of children with severe pneumonia (SP) after fiberoptic bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).

Methods: The clinical data of 155 children with SP treated with fiberoptic bronchoscopic BAL at Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital between January 2022 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Children were categorized into the survival group (n = 122) and the death group (n = 33) according to their clinical outcomes within 28 days after treatment. General patient data and the initial laboratory results after admission were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 28-day prognosis. The predictive ability of each index was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Delong test. The relationship between each index and the prognosis of children with SP was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier curve.

Results: The death group had significantly younger patients, longer pneumonia course, shorter pregnancy cycle, and higher levels of procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell count (WBC), C-protein reaction (CPR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) compared to the survival group (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis identified age (HR = 0.959, P = 0.014), pneumonia course (HR = 2.270, P<0.001), pregnancy cycle (HR = 2.736, P = 0.015), PCT (HR = 2.728, P = 0.001), WBC (HR = 1.283, P = 0.001), and SII (HR = 1.009, P<0.001) as independent predictors of 28-day mortality in children with SP. Among these, pneumonia course, PCT, and SII demonstrated higher predictive efficacy in adverse outcomes, with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.827, 0.822, and 0.868, respectively, outperforming age, pregnancy cycle, and WBC (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with older age, shorter pneumonia course, full-term birth, and those with lower WBC, PCT, and SII levels had significantly higher survival rates compared to their counterparts (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Age, pneumonia course, pregnancy cycle, WBC, PCT, and SII were independent predictors of survival in children with SP after fiberoptic bronchoscopic BAL, among which pneumonia course, PCT, and SII showed a higher predictive efficacy for the prognosis of children with SP.