The ideal of universal access to the best possible health is being replaced by questions of how best to distribute limited health resources. Epidemiology can help to answer these questions by combining its functions of investigation and target-setting. Thus studies on health differences should be aimed at reducing unjust inequalities.
One of the goals of Sierra Leone's primary care programme, established in the 1980s, was to reduce maternal mortality by 30% by the end of the twentieth century, but no significant progress has been made in this direction. The reasons are examined below in the light of a study conducted in one of the country's Chiefdoms.
A course has been established in Switzerland which helps women refugees to defend the health of themselves and their families. A major effort is made to meet their linguistic needs and to achieve cultural acceptability.
To mark the fiftieth anniversary of the World Health Organization in 1998, World Health Forum briefly reviews the early years of the Organization and highlights some of the wide range of activities carried out or promoted by WHO during the last 50 years. This article describes the founding of the Organization and gives examples of WHO's work until 1960.
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