The control of diarrhoeal diseases, acute respiratory infections and other childhood killers--such as measles, malaria and malnutrition--is now combined in WHO's Division of Child Health and Development. The need for integrated management of childhood illness is shown in its historical context.
An outline is given of progress made in understanding the causes of maternal mortality since the Safe Motherhood Initiative was launched a decade ago. It remains vital to analyse why women are dying from pregnancy-related conditions and to identify the weak links in the chain of care.
The resurgence of tuberculosis in recent years has made an effective control strategy indispensable. The strategy exists and is called DOTS--Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. It has proved its effectiveness and now needs to be used worldwide on a much larger scale.
Equity in access to health care is now accepted as a basic ethical principle for health development. The glaring inequalities in health suffered by poor people living in slums are a strong justification for urgent action. The problem is rapidly increasing.
A health services model based on different concentration levels between the centre and the periphery, each with particular resources, responsibilities and management functions, provides a framework on which health information systems can be built or rebuilt so as to accelerate progress towards the health-for-all goals.
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