Journal de parodontologie最新文献

The purpose of this study was to compare the Interplak rotary electric toothbrush with conventional toothbrushing for its effectiveness in controlling supragingival plaque and gingival inflammation. Twenty subjects, received the same hygiene instructions, were selected and divided into two equal groups. One group used conventional toothbrushing (Control group) and the other one used only the rotary electric toothbrush (Test group) for a 4 weeks study period. The plaque index (PLI), the plaque index limited on proximal sides (PPLI), the bleeding index (PBI) and the periodontal destruction index (PDI) were recorded at base line and after 4 weeks. Test group had significantly improved scores for PLI, PPLI and PBI. No differences were found in control group. These results indicate that the rotary electric toothbrush (Interplak is more effective for plaque removal and control of gingival inflammation that classic manual brushing.

The situation and configuration of the occlusal plane can be modified by the process of supra-eruption, which can be split up into: active eruption (the tooth leaves its socket) and periodontal growth. In order to dissociate and better by understand them, supra eruption of the first upper molar was observed in the absence of the first lower molar. Three groups of subjects were selected, the first group, our reference group (n = 50), consisted of subjects with complete healthy dental arches for which we could determine the extent of the gingival margin and the crown height. The second group of subjects (n = 50) differed from the former by the presence of a supra-erupted first upper molar. This allowed us to evaluate the migration of the gingival margin and the crown height increase in terms of the length of time the antagonist tooth was missing. The analysis of these 2 values shows that in the early years after the tooth loss, supra-eruption is due mainly to periodontal growth. It is only later that tooth movement beyond the occlusal plane is due principally to active eruption. The third group was made up of subjects showing pathological conditions of the periodontium. We observed an apical migration of the gingival margin and in increase in crown height, resulting from a periodontal regression (passive eruption) and a rapid active eruption.

The aim of this investigation was to study: the effect of insulin on the periodontal condition; the effect of insulin with age. 340 diabetics participated to this work. The examined teeth were the 16, 21, 24, 36, 41, 44. The indexes (Pl.I., G.I.), the depths of the pockets (upon these teeth); the quantity of gingival fluid (upon 21 and 24 only) were registrated. Statistically: the results showed: a better periodontal condition in the I.D.D. group, the I.D.D. are especially young patients less than 40 years, the insulin is active upon young population only, the periodontal destruction increases with age.

The aim of this review is to study the different interactions between human oral bacteria which, through specific mechanisms such as coaggregation, contribute to increase periodontal disease.

The elastic system fibers, i.e. oxytalan, elaunin and elastic fibers have respectively a fibrillar structure (oxytalan fibers), an amorphous structure (elastic fibers), or a mixed structure (elaunin fibers). The morphological distribution of these fibers is characterized by the presence of oxytalan, elaunin and elastic fibers in the upper medium and deep layers of gingival connective tissue. If the amorphous component is made up of elastin the microfibrillar component consist of structural glycoproteins containing aminoacids different of those found in elastin. Elastin is synthesized by gingival fibroblasts in the form of a precursor, tropoelastin, then disposed at the surface of the microfibrillar component and incorporated in the amorphous component.

Bleeding on probing is one of the techniques for evaluation of the periodontal pocket tissues condition. Bleeding, leading sign of inflammation inside the connective tissue, is a critical factor for pocket depth measurements, and with other variable factors prevents making reproducible measurements. With the concept of periodontal disease with asynchronous bursts of activity and period of remission, has appeared the necessity to determine and even to predict the presence of destructive activity just as it occurs in a particular site in order to set up a selective therapy. Many authors investigated for a correlation between destructive activity and bleeding on probing. At the present time, the development of manual or electronic probes provides a useful diagnostic aid for the clinician in daily practice as well as the researcher in longitudinal studies.

A prospective epidemiologic survey performed over a three months period was done in association with the Health Insurance Fund of Lyon, France. The major objectives of this study were to evaluate the credentials of practitioners prescribing periodontal therapy under the health plan. 72.9% of the dentists received their dental diploma within the last 5 years and were predominantly male. None of the practitioners were specialists. Apparently, periodontal therapy represented only 10% of the treatment prescribed by the dentists surveyed.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a gel containing 4% metronidazole and collagen in periodontal pockets deeper than 4 mm. The treatment was utilized in 10 subjects with pocketing in the premolar-molar regions. The experimental design was as follows: one quadrant was treated with scaling and root planning (S), one with the metronidazole gel (M), one with scaling, root planning and metronidazole gel (S & M), and the last quadrant remained untreated. Pocket depths, gingival index (GI), sulcular bleeding index (SBI) and plaque indices were recorded at 7, 14 and 30 days after the experiment began. Significant improvement of the parameters studied was noted in the S & M quadrants.

Regeneration of connective tissue structures lost as a result of periodontal disease remains the major goal of periodontal therapy. The ability of cells of the periodontium to adhere to the tooth surface is central to a number of phenomenons. Among these are cellular migration, morphogenesis and wound healing. Several classes of molecules appear to mediate the ability of cells to adhere. These cells utilize a group of receptors called Integrins to anchor themselves to the extra-cellular matrix. The receptors are transmembrane heterodimers which serve as bridges which communicate informations between the extra-cellular matrix and the cytoskeleton.

A connective tissue graft technique described by Langer and Langer for treating gingival recession was attempted in 22 clinical cases using connective tissue above. 100% root coverage was obtained where only 3 mm of recession existed, 94% when recession was 3 to 5 mm and 58% root coverage occurred where recession was greater than 6 mm. This technique was compared with the classical technique of free gingival grafts and the connective tissue graft technique for covering exposed root surfaces proposed by Nelson.