Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2224341
K. K. Onchoke, Gary Lopez, Anthony M. Broom
Abstract Increased demand for water reuse, recycling and reclamation heightens the need for improvements in the design of wastewater treatment plants that minimize or remove toxic pollutants or their metabolites. In this study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique utilizing C-18 cartridge was used for separation of three commonly used pharmaceuticals, namely, carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DF), and ketoprofen (KT) in wastewater samples. High performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) method was used for detection of CBZ, DF, and KT along the treatment stages (aeration, clarifier, raw activated sludge (RAS), chlorine contact chamber (CCC), and sulfur dioxide chamber) from Nacogdoches wastewater treatment plant (NWWTP), in East Texas, USA. Highest concentrations were found in the RAS followed by influent aeration stage. Pharmaceutical concentrations detected from the influent or RAS samples were 2.115 × 10−3 mg/L, 8.95 × 10−4 mg/L and 8.55 × 10−4 mg/L for CBZ, KT and DF, respectively. Highest detected total concentrations of pharmaceuticals were: carbamazepine (1.285 – 2.117 μg/L), diclofenac (0.600 – 0.865 μg/L), and ketoprofen (0.815 – 0.885 μg/L). The calculated % removal efficiencies along the treatment stages follow the order; CBZ: RAS > SO2 > clarifier ≈ aeration > CCC; KT: RAS > SO2 > aeration > CCC > clarifier; DF: RAS ≈ aeration ≈ CCC > clarifier > SO2. Determined removal efficiencies follow the order carbamazepine (∼ 39.2%) > diclofenac (∼ 30.6%) > ketoprofen (∼8.8%). Removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals in the NWWTP may be affected by the human body, transition through activated wastewater treatment processes, and their metabolism and/or usage by humans. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Detection of Carbamazepine, Diclofenac, and Ketoprofen via a SPE-HPLC-PDA Method in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant in East Texas, USA","authors":"K. K. Onchoke, Gary Lopez, Anthony M. Broom","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2224341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2224341","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increased demand for water reuse, recycling and reclamation heightens the need for improvements in the design of wastewater treatment plants that minimize or remove toxic pollutants or their metabolites. In this study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique utilizing C-18 cartridge was used for separation of three commonly used pharmaceuticals, namely, carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DF), and ketoprofen (KT) in wastewater samples. High performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) method was used for detection of CBZ, DF, and KT along the treatment stages (aeration, clarifier, raw activated sludge (RAS), chlorine contact chamber (CCC), and sulfur dioxide chamber) from Nacogdoches wastewater treatment plant (NWWTP), in East Texas, USA. Highest concentrations were found in the RAS followed by influent aeration stage. Pharmaceutical concentrations detected from the influent or RAS samples were 2.115 × 10−3 mg/L, 8.95 × 10−4 mg/L and 8.55 × 10−4 mg/L for CBZ, KT and DF, respectively. Highest detected total concentrations of pharmaceuticals were: carbamazepine (1.285 – 2.117 μg/L), diclofenac (0.600 – 0.865 μg/L), and ketoprofen (0.815 – 0.885 μg/L). The calculated % removal efficiencies along the treatment stages follow the order; CBZ: RAS > SO2 > clarifier ≈ aeration > CCC; KT: RAS > SO2 > aeration > CCC > clarifier; DF: RAS ≈ aeration ≈ CCC > clarifier > SO2. Determined removal efficiencies follow the order carbamazepine (∼ 39.2%) > diclofenac (∼ 30.6%) > ketoprofen (∼8.8%). Removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals in the NWWTP may be affected by the human body, transition through activated wastewater treatment processes, and their metabolism and/or usage by humans. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"127 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83963281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2224806
D. Perumal, M. Krishnan, K. Lakshmi
Abstract Molnupiravir a novel oral broad-spectrum antiviral drug initially developed for the treatment of COVID-19, was quantified using UV spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. The linear regression analysis used to build the equations for the multivariate calibration method used the correlation between absorbance and concentration at a set of five different wavelengths. The suggested method can separate Molnupiravir and its breakdown products using a C18 column containing ethanol and phosphate buffer (42.5:57.5% v/v), a flow rate fixed at 0.9 mL/min, and detection done at 235 nm. The suggested techniques were examined and approved in accordance with ICH Q2 (R1) standards. For the UV and HPLC methods, the linearity ranges for molnupiravir were 4-9 and 10-150 g/ml, accuracy, repeatability, and selectivity, with R2 values were 0.9999 and 0.9999 with recoveries between 98 and 102% and 2% RSD. The unique strategy was additionally assessed utilising three ways, including additional assessment techniques, such as GAPI, AES, and AGREE, and it was discovered to be environmentally friendly. Based on our findings, developing new pharmaceutical drugs may benefit from using UV and HPLC procedures with Green Analytical Performances using the Quality by Design methodology to assess drug stability. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Eco-friendly Based UV Spectrophotometric Method and Analytical Quality by Design Aided Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Technique for the Estimation of Molnupiravir","authors":"D. Perumal, M. Krishnan, K. Lakshmi","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2224806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2224806","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Molnupiravir a novel oral broad-spectrum antiviral drug initially developed for the treatment of COVID-19, was quantified using UV spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. The linear regression analysis used to build the equations for the multivariate calibration method used the correlation between absorbance and concentration at a set of five different wavelengths. The suggested method can separate Molnupiravir and its breakdown products using a C18 column containing ethanol and phosphate buffer (42.5:57.5% v/v), a flow rate fixed at 0.9 mL/min, and detection done at 235 nm. The suggested techniques were examined and approved in accordance with ICH Q2 (R1) standards. For the UV and HPLC methods, the linearity ranges for molnupiravir were 4-9 and 10-150 g/ml, accuracy, repeatability, and selectivity, with R2 values were 0.9999 and 0.9999 with recoveries between 98 and 102% and 2% RSD. The unique strategy was additionally assessed utilising three ways, including additional assessment techniques, such as GAPI, AES, and AGREE, and it was discovered to be environmentally friendly. Based on our findings, developing new pharmaceutical drugs may benefit from using UV and HPLC procedures with Green Analytical Performances using the Quality by Design methodology to assess drug stability. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"159 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84200276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2213236
A. Rawat, O. Prakash, Ravendra Kumar, A. Verma, Satya Kumar, Kirti Nagarkoti, R. Srivastava
Abstract A chemical study on the rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum resulted in the isolation and identification of labdane diterpenes, hedychilactone A (1), and B (2). The chemical structure of known compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated based on extensive spectral data analyses and identified by comparing their experimental spectral data with the reported data in the literature. The isolated labdane diterpenes were evaluated for their pesticide effects like nematicidal activity on Meloidogyne incognita, insecticidal activity on Spodoptera litura, and herbicidal activity on Raphanus raphanistrum seeds. The bioactivity of both compounds was predicted with the help of in silico PASS studies. The proteins/enzymes undertaken for docking studies by AutoDock4.2 to validate nematicidal activity was acetylcholinesterase (PBD ID: IC2O), for insecticidal activity was enzyme carboxylesterase (PDB ID: 1CI8), and for herbicidal activity was acetohydroxyacid synthase (PBD ID: 1YHZ). These compounds could be deduced as a viable alternative source of natural pesticidal agents and pave the way for further studies on its mechanistic approaches and field trials to ascertain its pesticidal studies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Study on Characterization and Pesticidal Evaluation of Diterpenes Isolated from Chloroform Extract of Hedychium spicatum Sm. Rhizomes","authors":"A. Rawat, O. Prakash, Ravendra Kumar, A. Verma, Satya Kumar, Kirti Nagarkoti, R. Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2213236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2213236","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A chemical study on the rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum resulted in the isolation and identification of labdane diterpenes, hedychilactone A (1), and B (2). The chemical structure of known compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated based on extensive spectral data analyses and identified by comparing their experimental spectral data with the reported data in the literature. The isolated labdane diterpenes were evaluated for their pesticide effects like nematicidal activity on Meloidogyne incognita, insecticidal activity on Spodoptera litura, and herbicidal activity on Raphanus raphanistrum seeds. The bioactivity of both compounds was predicted with the help of in silico PASS studies. The proteins/enzymes undertaken for docking studies by AutoDock4.2 to validate nematicidal activity was acetylcholinesterase (PBD ID: IC2O), for insecticidal activity was enzyme carboxylesterase (PDB ID: 1CI8), and for herbicidal activity was acetohydroxyacid synthase (PBD ID: 1YHZ). These compounds could be deduced as a viable alternative source of natural pesticidal agents and pave the way for further studies on its mechanistic approaches and field trials to ascertain its pesticidal studies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"174 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81104561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2213235
R. Yadav, Deependra Jhankal, Rinky Agarwal, D. K. Sharma, K. K. Jhankal
Abstract Herein, we proposed a cost-effective, eco-friendly, fast and sensitive square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV) and differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV) methods for the quantification of anti-ulcer drug cinitapride in pharmaceuticals. Cinitapride electrochemically reduced at pencil graphite electrode and gave an irreversible well-defined cathodic peak in cyclic, square wave, and differential pulse voltammograms. The effect of pH of buffer, scan rates, and drug concentration on peak current and peak potential were studied. The reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was diffusion controlled and occurred via participation of two electrons and two protons (2e−/2H+). The various electro-kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient(Do), surface coverage (T o)and electron transfer coefficient (α) were calculated, additionally, the mechanism of reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was also proposed. The peak currents vary linearly in the concentration range 2.48 μmolL−1 to 17.39 μmolL−1 for all the voltammetric techniques. The obtained value of LOD for SWCSV and DPCSV techniques were2.48 μmolL−1 and 3.19 μmolL−1, respectively, which proved higher sensitivity of the proposed methods. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Electro-kinetic Investigations and Voltammetric Detection of Anti-ulcer Drug Cinitapride at Low-cost Pencil Graphite Electrode","authors":"R. Yadav, Deependra Jhankal, Rinky Agarwal, D. K. Sharma, K. K. Jhankal","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2213235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2213235","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Herein, we proposed a cost-effective, eco-friendly, fast and sensitive square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV) and differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV) methods for the quantification of anti-ulcer drug cinitapride in pharmaceuticals. Cinitapride electrochemically reduced at pencil graphite electrode and gave an irreversible well-defined cathodic peak in cyclic, square wave, and differential pulse voltammograms. The effect of pH of buffer, scan rates, and drug concentration on peak current and peak potential were studied. The reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was diffusion controlled and occurred via participation of two electrons and two protons (2e−/2H+). The various electro-kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient(Do), surface coverage (T o)and electron transfer coefficient (α) were calculated, additionally, the mechanism of reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was also proposed. The peak currents vary linearly in the concentration range 2.48 μmolL−1 to 17.39 μmolL−1 for all the voltammetric techniques. The obtained value of LOD for SWCSV and DPCSV techniques were2.48 μmolL−1 and 3.19 μmolL−1, respectively, which proved higher sensitivity of the proposed methods. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"213 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78648439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2179420
M. Deepak, C. Sulaiman, V. Sreejith, I. Balachandran
Abstract Terminalia arjuna, is an important medicinal plant mainly used for cardiovascular ailments in the traditional Indian system of medicine Ayurveda. The stem bark of T. arjuna is generally employed in Ayurvedic formulations. The present study undertakes the possibilities of judicious utilization of stem bark and inner wood combinations of T. arjuna instead of bark alone in herbal medicines. Different combinations of bark and inner wood portions were prepared and extracted. Preliminary phytochemical analyses by qualitative tests, and quantitative estimations of total phenolics, and flavonoid contents revealed predominant results in bark extract. Anti-oxidant activities like DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging assays were carried out and bark extract showed leading results and the combination sample also showed promising values. Comparative chemical profiling of the samples was done using High-performance thin layer chromatography to identify and quantify major chemical constituents. Flavonoids such as catechin, epicatechin, and phenolic acid, gallic acid were identified by HPTLC profiling, in all samples. On quantification of gallic acid, the bark and sample BS1 showed promising results when compared with other combination samples. The identified compounds were proven with medicinal activities against cardiovascular-related ailments. The present study concluded that BS1 (75:25) of bark and wood combination could be used instead of bark (B) for medicinal preparations without affecting the quality so the 25% usage of bark can be reduced and 25% of the stem can be saved from waste. The study will be beneficial for Ayurvedic industries using the bark T. arjuna for medicinal preparation since the wastage of wood can be reduced without affecting the quality of medicine. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Phytochemical and Chromatographic Studies of Medicinal Plant Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. Stem Bark and Inner Wood Combinations for Judicious Utilization","authors":"M. Deepak, C. Sulaiman, V. Sreejith, I. Balachandran","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2179420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2179420","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Terminalia arjuna, is an important medicinal plant mainly used for cardiovascular ailments in the traditional Indian system of medicine Ayurveda. The stem bark of T. arjuna is generally employed in Ayurvedic formulations. The present study undertakes the possibilities of judicious utilization of stem bark and inner wood combinations of T. arjuna instead of bark alone in herbal medicines. Different combinations of bark and inner wood portions were prepared and extracted. Preliminary phytochemical analyses by qualitative tests, and quantitative estimations of total phenolics, and flavonoid contents revealed predominant results in bark extract. Anti-oxidant activities like DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging assays were carried out and bark extract showed leading results and the combination sample also showed promising values. Comparative chemical profiling of the samples was done using High-performance thin layer chromatography to identify and quantify major chemical constituents. Flavonoids such as catechin, epicatechin, and phenolic acid, gallic acid were identified by HPTLC profiling, in all samples. On quantification of gallic acid, the bark and sample BS1 showed promising results when compared with other combination samples. The identified compounds were proven with medicinal activities against cardiovascular-related ailments. The present study concluded that BS1 (75:25) of bark and wood combination could be used instead of bark (B) for medicinal preparations without affecting the quality so the 25% usage of bark can be reduced and 25% of the stem can be saved from waste. The study will be beneficial for Ayurvedic industries using the bark T. arjuna for medicinal preparation since the wastage of wood can be reduced without affecting the quality of medicine. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"29 1","pages":"95 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88881055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2193578
O. E. Thomas, O. Adegoke, A. Mukherjee, Ritesh Banerjee
Abstract Regulatory agencies require demonstration of non-genotoxicity of new chemical entities prior to their use as pharmaceuticals or additives. Consequently, the in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and apoptoxicity of five novel monoazo colourants (8-hydroxy-3,6-disulphonaphthyl azohydroxynaphthalenes, 3a-e) on human lymphocytes were evaluated using a cell viability assay, alkaline comet assay, DNA diffusion assay, DFT calculations and molecular docking. The test concentrations of the compounds varied from 0 to 3.4 mM. Relative to negative control, the compounds at concentrations up to 0.5mM induced small dose-dependent reduction (< 20%) in viability of lymphocytes. Statistically significant changes (p<0.05) in DNA damage parameters (percent tail DNA, tail extent moment, olive tail moment) were observed at all concentrations of 3a, 3b while 3c-e showed genotoxicity at 2.8, 0.17 and 3.4 mM respectively. Compounds 3a, 3b, 3d induced apoptosis at concentrations below cytotoxic doses while 3c and 3e were non-apoptoxic at all test concentrations. DFT calculations showed the genotoxicity of 3a-e increased with electrophilicity and ionization potentials of the compounds. Molecular docking of 3a-e with apoptosis-associated proteins revealed binding affinity patterns that were consistent with observed experimental apoptoxicity. The structure-genotoxicity relationships of five novel monoazo compounds, which can be employed in the design of safer congeners, have been elucidated. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"In vitro Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity and Apoptoxicity of 8-Hydroxy-3,6-disulphonaphthyl Azohydroxynaphthalenes using Human Lymphocytes: Experimental and Theoretical Profiling","authors":"O. E. Thomas, O. Adegoke, A. Mukherjee, Ritesh Banerjee","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2193578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2193578","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Regulatory agencies require demonstration of non-genotoxicity of new chemical entities prior to their use as pharmaceuticals or additives. Consequently, the in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and apoptoxicity of five novel monoazo colourants (8-hydroxy-3,6-disulphonaphthyl azohydroxynaphthalenes, 3a-e) on human lymphocytes were evaluated using a cell viability assay, alkaline comet assay, DNA diffusion assay, DFT calculations and molecular docking. The test concentrations of the compounds varied from 0 to 3.4 mM. Relative to negative control, the compounds at concentrations up to 0.5mM induced small dose-dependent reduction (< 20%) in viability of lymphocytes. Statistically significant changes (p<0.05) in DNA damage parameters (percent tail DNA, tail extent moment, olive tail moment) were observed at all concentrations of 3a, 3b while 3c-e showed genotoxicity at 2.8, 0.17 and 3.4 mM respectively. Compounds 3a, 3b, 3d induced apoptosis at concentrations below cytotoxic doses while 3c and 3e were non-apoptoxic at all test concentrations. DFT calculations showed the genotoxicity of 3a-e increased with electrophilicity and ionization potentials of the compounds. Molecular docking of 3a-e with apoptosis-associated proteins revealed binding affinity patterns that were consistent with observed experimental apoptoxicity. The structure-genotoxicity relationships of five novel monoazo compounds, which can be employed in the design of safer congeners, have been elucidated. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"170 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76184832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2170278
Lokesh Bettada, Mounesh, K. Chandrakala, K.M. Sateesha, M. Amshumali, L. K. Sannegowda, A. Lagashetty
Abstract A core-shell structured magnetic nano-composite Fe3O4@PPy, synthesized by the chemical oxidative method and the electrochemical behavior of the composite assessed under different conditions. The modified Fe3O4@PPy/GC electrode employed to determine the 2-aminophenol (2AMP) by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and chrono-amperometry (CA). 2AMP exhibited cathodic peak on the Fe3O4@PPy/GC electrode. The linear response observed for 2AMP in the concentration range (50 to 450 nM; CV, 50 to 450 nM; DPV and 50-300 nM; in amperometry). The limit of detection (CV; 15nmol L-1, DPV; 16.5 nmol L-1 and 4 nmol L-1 in amperometry) with a limit of quantification (CV; 45 nmol L-1, DPV; 49.5 nmol L-1 and up to 50nmol L-1 in amperometry), respectively, on the modified electrode. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"A Novel Approach for Electrochemical Sensing of 2-Amino-4-methylphenol Using Magnetic Polypyrrole as a Sensing Platform","authors":"Lokesh Bettada, Mounesh, K. Chandrakala, K.M. Sateesha, M. Amshumali, L. K. Sannegowda, A. Lagashetty","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2170278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2170278","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A core-shell structured magnetic nano-composite Fe3O4@PPy, synthesized by the chemical oxidative method and the electrochemical behavior of the composite assessed under different conditions. The modified Fe3O4@PPy/GC electrode employed to determine the 2-aminophenol (2AMP) by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and chrono-amperometry (CA). 2AMP exhibited cathodic peak on the Fe3O4@PPy/GC electrode. The linear response observed for 2AMP in the concentration range (50 to 450 nM; CV, 50 to 450 nM; DPV and 50-300 nM; in amperometry). The limit of detection (CV; 15nmol L-1, DPV; 16.5 nmol L-1 and 4 nmol L-1 in amperometry) with a limit of quantification (CV; 45 nmol L-1, DPV; 49.5 nmol L-1 and up to 50nmol L-1 in amperometry), respectively, on the modified electrode. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"124 1","pages":"28 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84923092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2173647
Avinash Pore, G. Gaikwad, S. Hegade, Y. Jadhav, R. Mane, R. Kumbhar
Abstract Schiff base and their Fe (III), Cr (III) complexes stood vetted for Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory activities and docking study. Mixed ligand complexes had strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Docking study of mixed ligand complexes reveals substantial binding affinity for COX2 and STAT3 receptors. The experimental and computational anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity results are more consistent. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Analyzing the Impact of the Substituent on the Quinazolinone Schiff Base and the Interaction of the Fe (III) and Cr (III) with Different Quinazolinone Schiff Base for Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity","authors":"Avinash Pore, G. Gaikwad, S. Hegade, Y. Jadhav, R. Mane, R. Kumbhar","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2173647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2173647","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Schiff base and their Fe (III), Cr (III) complexes stood vetted for Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory activities and docking study. Mixed ligand complexes had strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Docking study of mixed ligand complexes reveals substantial binding affinity for COX2 and STAT3 receptors. The experimental and computational anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity results are more consistent. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":"39 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80080119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2176785
Ramjilal Yadav, R. Dev, Ruchita Santra, P. Jain
Abstract Simple, accurate, precise and stable indicating HPLC methods were developed and validated to determine both related substances and the assay content of Remogliflozin etabonate (RME). The separation was established under optimized chromatographic condition using Waters e2695 HPLC coupled to Ultraviolet detector (UV) at 228 nm with Inertsil ODS-3V C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm), injection volume 10 μl for related substances and 20 μl for assay content determination. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mM KH2PO4 buffer with ortho-phosphoric acid pH 2.5. Gradient elution was maintained at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min using 45°C column oven temperature for determination of the related substances and isocratic elution was maintained at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min for assay content. The retention time for RME-01, RME-02, RME-03 and RME-04, RME-05 and RME were about 41.74 min, 11.42 min, 20.38 min, 37.16 min, 49.93 min, 25.05 min respectively. The linearity was found to be in the concentration range of 0.312-2.341 μg/ mL for RME-01, 0.306-2.292 μg/ mL for RME-02, 0.306-2.297 μg/ ml for RME-03 and 0.294-2.203 μg/mL for RME-04. The RME was subjected to acid, base, oxidation, and thermal degradation stress conditions. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines for specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy and robustness and the values were found to be within the limits. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Stability Indicating Method for the Assay of Remogliflozin Etabonate and its Related Substances by RP-HPLC","authors":"Ramjilal Yadav, R. Dev, Ruchita Santra, P. Jain","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2176785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2176785","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Simple, accurate, precise and stable indicating HPLC methods were developed and validated to determine both related substances and the assay content of Remogliflozin etabonate (RME). The separation was established under optimized chromatographic condition using Waters e2695 HPLC coupled to Ultraviolet detector (UV) at 228 nm with Inertsil ODS-3V C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm), injection volume 10 μl for related substances and 20 μl for assay content determination. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mM KH2PO4 buffer with ortho-phosphoric acid pH 2.5. Gradient elution was maintained at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min using 45°C column oven temperature for determination of the related substances and isocratic elution was maintained at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min for assay content. The retention time for RME-01, RME-02, RME-03 and RME-04, RME-05 and RME were about 41.74 min, 11.42 min, 20.38 min, 37.16 min, 49.93 min, 25.05 min respectively. The linearity was found to be in the concentration range of 0.312-2.341 μg/ mL for RME-01, 0.306-2.292 μg/ mL for RME-02, 0.306-2.297 μg/ ml for RME-03 and 0.294-2.203 μg/mL for RME-04. The RME was subjected to acid, base, oxidation, and thermal degradation stress conditions. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines for specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy and robustness and the values were found to be within the limits. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":"73 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81720040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2023.2178327
Norsyazwani Muhamad Dah, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad, Mohd Syafiq Aiman Mat Noor, S. S. S. Abdul Azziz
Abstract This study sought to identify the chemical composition of smoke condensate of Goniothalamus andersonii (Annonaceae) and comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of smoke condensate. The chemical composition has been determined by GC-MS. Five main components were contained in aqueous fraction, namely eugenol (25.31%), (E)-cinnamaldehyde (21.13%), hexamethylene diacrylate (7.0%), caryophyllene (6.25%), and ethyl oleate (4.3%). While, three main components were detected in the n-hexane fractions, namely guaiol (8.98%), α-eudesmol (5.71%), and (-)-cyperene (3.06%). Laboratory research was conducted to determine the repellency of the smoke condensate of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes at two levels of concentration (5.0% and 10.0%). Tests were carried out to establish the percentage reduction of mosquito landing for each of the concentrations. The synthetic insect repellent, N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), was used as a standard at a similar level of concentration. At 5.0% concentration, DEET provided a better percentage reduction with 70.5% for up to 4 hours, compared to smoke condensate (44.5%). At 10.0%, DEET provided an 80.9% reduction in mosquito landing, which was significantly better, as compared to smoke condensate (61.9%). However, data analysis through a t-test demonstrated a significant difference between smoke condensate and DEET efficacy in both concentrations, with regards to treated and untreated arms (P < 0.05). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Chemical Composition of Goniothalamus andersonii Bark and its Mosquito Repellent Activity","authors":"Norsyazwani Muhamad Dah, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad, Mohd Syafiq Aiman Mat Noor, S. S. S. Abdul Azziz","doi":"10.1080/22297928.2023.2178327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2023.2178327","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study sought to identify the chemical composition of smoke condensate of Goniothalamus andersonii (Annonaceae) and comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of smoke condensate. The chemical composition has been determined by GC-MS. Five main components were contained in aqueous fraction, namely eugenol (25.31%), (E)-cinnamaldehyde (21.13%), hexamethylene diacrylate (7.0%), caryophyllene (6.25%), and ethyl oleate (4.3%). While, three main components were detected in the n-hexane fractions, namely guaiol (8.98%), α-eudesmol (5.71%), and (-)-cyperene (3.06%). Laboratory research was conducted to determine the repellency of the smoke condensate of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes at two levels of concentration (5.0% and 10.0%). Tests were carried out to establish the percentage reduction of mosquito landing for each of the concentrations. The synthetic insect repellent, N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), was used as a standard at a similar level of concentration. At 5.0% concentration, DEET provided a better percentage reduction with 70.5% for up to 4 hours, compared to smoke condensate (44.5%). At 10.0%, DEET provided an 80.9% reduction in mosquito landing, which was significantly better, as compared to smoke condensate (61.9%). However, data analysis through a t-test demonstrated a significant difference between smoke condensate and DEET efficacy in both concentrations, with regards to treated and untreated arms (P < 0.05). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7793,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":"17 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90358251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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